Development of models to predict anabolic response to testosterone administration in healthy young men
Abstract
Considerable heterogeneity exists in the anabolic response to androgen administration; however, the factors that contribute to variation in an individual's anabolic response to androgens remain unknown. We investigated whether testosterone dose and/or any combination of baseline variables, including concentrations of hormones, age, body composition, muscle function, and morphometry or polymorphisms in androgen receptor could explain the variability in anabolic response to testosterone. Fifty-four young men were treated with a long-acting gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist and one of five doses (25, 50, 125, 300, or 600 mg/wk) of testosterone enanthate (TE) for 20 wk. Anabolic response was defined as a change in whole body fat-free mass (FFM) by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), appendicular FFM (by DEXA), and thigh muscle volume (by magnetic resonance imaging) during TE treatment. We used univariate and multivariate analysis to identify the subset of baseline measures that best explained the variability in anabolic response to testosterone supplementation. The three-variable model of TE dose, age, and baseline prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level explained 67% of the variance in change in whole body FFM. Change in appendicular FFM was best explained (64% of the variance) by the linear combination of TE dose, baseline PSA, and leg press strength, whereas TE dose, log of the ratio of luteinizing hormone to testosterone concentration, and age explained 66% of the variation in change in thigh muscle volume. The models were further validated by using Ridge analysis and cross-validation in data subsets. Only the model using testosterone dose, age, and PSA was a consistent predictor of change in FFM in subset analyses. The length of CAG tract was only a weak predictor of change in thigh muscle volume and lean body mass. Hence, the anabolic response of healthy, young men to exogenous testosterone administration can largely be predicted by the testosterone dose.
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The anabolic response to testosterone can largely be predicted by the dose administered.
“In a later study, the same group of authors concluded that the anabolic response to testosterone can largely be predicted by the dose administered (9).”
From Onset of effects of testosterone treatment and time span until maximum effects are achieved (2011) · cites this paper as [9]
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- Authors
- Woodhouse, L. J., Reisz-Porszasz, S., Javanbakht, M., Storer, T. W., Lee, M., Zerounian, H., & Bhasin, S.
- Affiliations
- Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science (US)
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, California 90059
- Venue
- American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 2003-05-01
- Volume
- 284
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- E1009-E1017
- ISSN
- 0193-1849 (ISSN-L)
- 1522-1555
- OpenAlex
- W2127307761
- Cited by
- 73
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 3.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (ODP 1397)
- U.S. Public Health Service (MO-00425)
- National Institute on Aging (1R01AG14369, R01AG014369)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (1R01 DK 59627-01, R01DK049296, 2R01 DK 49296-05, R01DK059627)
- National Center for Research Resources (P20 RR 11145-01, G12 RR 03026, G12RR003026, P20RR011145)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal and reproductive studies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Keywords
- testosterone enanthate, anabolic response, androgen receptor polymorphism, CAG repeat length, prostate-specific antigen, fat-free mass, thigh muscle volume, leg press strength, GnRH agonist, testosterone supplementation, young men, prediction model
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Body Composition, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Double-Blind Method, Drug Administration Schedule, Forecasting, Hormones, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Models, Biological, Organ Size, Osmolar Concentration, Polymorphism, Genetic, Receptors, Androgen, Reference Values, Gonadal Steroid Hormones, Testosterone, Thigh, Absorptiometry, Photon, Muscle, Skeletal
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