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Myostatin, activin receptor IIb, and follistatin-like-3 gene expression are altered in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle of obese mice
Abstract
Myostatin (MSTN) is a secreted growth inhibitor expressed in muscle and adipose. We sought to determine whether expression of MSTN, its receptor activin RIIb (ActRIIb), or its binding protein follistatin-like-3 (FSTL3) are altered in subcutaneous or visceral adipose or in skeletal muscle in response to obesity. MSTN and ActRIIb mRNA levels were low in subcutaneous (SQF) and visceral fat (VF) from wild-type mice but were 50- to 100-fold higher in both SQF and VF from ob/ob compared with wild-type mice. FSTL3 mRNA levels were increased in SQF but decreased in VF in ob/ob compared with wild-type mice. Moreover, MSTN mRNA levels were twofold greater in tibialis anterior (TA) from ob/ob mice, whereas ActRIIb and FSTL3 mRNA levels were unchanged. MSTN mRNA levels were also increased in TA and SQF from mice on a high-fat diet. Injection of ob/ob mice with recombinant leptin caused FSTL3 mRNA levels to decrease in both VF and SQF in ob/ob mice; MSTN and ActRIIb mRNA levels tended to decrease only in VF. Finally, MSTN mRNA levels and promoter activity were low in adipogenic 3T3-L1 cells, but an MSTN promoter-reporter construct was activated in 3T3-L1 cells by cotransfection with the adipogenic transcription factors SREBP-1c, C/EBPalpha, and PPARgamma. These results demonstrate that expression of MSTN and its associated binding proteins can be modulated in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle by chronic obesity and suggest that alterations in their expression may contribute to the changes in growth and metabolism of lean and fat tissues occurring during obesity.
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“so both circulating and SkM myostatin levels are present in obese subjects when compared to non-obese subjects (Allen et al., 2008; Hittel et al., 2009).”
From Physical Exercise-Induced Myokines and Muscle-Adipose Tissue Crosstalk: A Review of Current Knowledge and the Implications for Health and Metabolic Diseases (2018) · cites this paper as Allen et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“Myostatin mRNA levels increase substantially in genetically-modified obese mice (leptin-deficient ob/ob mice) and also in those receiving a high fat diet (HFD)”
From Physical Exercise-Induced Myokines and Muscle-Adipose Tissue Crosstalk: A Review of Current Knowledge and the Implications for Health and Metabolic Diseases (2018) · cites this paper as Allen et al., 2008
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“Myostatin mRNA levels increase substantially in genetically-modified obese mice (leptin-deficient ob/ob mice) and also in those receiving a high fat diet (HFD), so both circulating and SkMmyostatin levels are present in obese subjects when compared to non-obese subjects (Allen et al., 2008; Hittel et al., 2009).”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Allen, D. L., Cleary, A. S., Speaker, K. J., Lindsay, S. F., Uyenishi, J., Reed, J. M., Madden, M. C., & Mehan, R. S.
- Affiliations
- University of Colorado Boulder (US)
- Venue
- American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 2008-05
- Volume
- 294
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- E918-E927
- ISSN
- 0193-1849 (ISSN-L)
- 1522-1555
- OpenAlex
- W1986156265
- Cited by
- 183
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 4.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (K01 AR-0505-01)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Keywords
- myostatin, FSTL3, obesity, adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, subcutaneous adipose tissue, visceral fat, ob/ob mice, leptin, high-fat diet, adipogenic transcription factors, SREBP-1c, C/EBPα, PPARγ, 3T3-L1 cells, gene expression regulation
- MeSH terms
- Adipose Tissue, Animals, Cells, Cultured, Cloning, Molecular, Diet, Dietary Fats, DNA, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Obese, Obesity, Proteins, RNA, Messenger, Transfection, Signal Transduction, Transforming Growth Factor beta, 3T3 Cells, Muscle, Skeletal, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Leptin, Activin Receptors, Type II, Follistatin-Related Proteins, Mice, Myostatin
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