Enhanced muscle glucose metabolism after exercise: modulation by local factors
Abstract
Studies in the rat suggest that after voluntary exercise there are two phases of glycogen repletion in skeletal muscle (preceding study). In phase I glucose utilization and glycogen synthesis are enhanced both in the presence and absence of insulin, whereas in phase II only the increase in the presence of insulin is found. To determine whether these alterations and in particular those mediated by insulin are due to local or systemic factors, one hindlimb of an anesthetized rat was electrically stimulated, and both hindlimbs were perfused immediately thereafter. Glucose and glycogen metabolism in the stimulated leg closely mimicked that observed previously after voluntary exercise on a treadmill. With no insulin added to the perfusate, glucose incorporation into glycogen was markedly enhanced in muscles that were glycogen depleted as were the uptake of 2-deoxyglucose and 3-O-methylglucose. Likewise, the stimulation of these processes by insulin was enhanced and continued to be so 2 h later when the muscles of the stimulated leg had substantially repleted their glycogen stores. The results suggest that the increases in insulin-mediated glucose utilization and glycogen synthesis in muscle after exercise are modulated by local contraction-induced factors.
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During exercise, muscle glucose uptake increases but the process induced by muscle contractions is not dependent on insulin.
“During exercise, muscle glucose uptake increases but the process induced by muscle contractions is not dependent on insulin 53.”
From Effect of exercise training on insulin-stimulated glucose disposal: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (2023) · cites this paper as [53]
Exercise-induced enhancement of glucose clearance in the post-exercise period is closely related to depletion of muscle glycogen during exercise and wanes as glycogen stores are replenished by food intake.
“However, exerciseinduced enhancement of glucose clearance in the post exercise period is closely related to the depletion of muscle glycogen during exercise [28, 29, 31], and it wanes as glycogen stores are replenished by food intake [31].”
From The effect of moderate exercise on postprandial glucose homeostasis in NIDDM patients (1997) · cites this paper as [29]
The mechanism for unchanged glucose clearance after exercise may include enhancement of both non-insulin and insulin-mediated glucose transport and disposal.
“The mechanism for this may include enhancement of both non-insulin and insulin-mediated glucose transport and disposal [28, 29].”
From The effect of moderate exercise on postprandial glucose homeostasis in NIDDM patients (1997) · cites this paper as [29]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Richter, E. A., Garetto, L. P., Goodman, M. N., & Ruderman, N. B.
- Venue
- American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 1984-06-01
- Volume
- 246
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- E476-E482
- ISSN
- 0193-1849 (ISSN-L)
- 1522-1555
- OpenAlex
- W2181090774
- Cited by
- 194
- References
- 17
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 2.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Keywords
- muscle glucose metabolism, glycogen repletion, skeletal muscle, insulin, physical activity, neuromuscular electrical stimulation, glycogen synthesis, glucose uptake, local factors, 2-deoxyglucose, 3-O-methylglucose
- MeSH terms
- Adenosine Triphosphate, Animals, Deoxyglucose, Electric Stimulation, Glucose, Glycogen, Glycogen Synthase, Hindlimb, Insulin, Male, Motor Activity, Muscles, Phosphocreatine, Rats, Inbred Strains, Rats, In Vitro Techniques
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