Regulation of lipid metabolism in adipose tissue during early starvation
Abstract
We studied changes in lipid metabolism in adipose tissue in 24 healthy adults during early starvation (14-20 h) by cannulating the venous drainage of the subcutaneous adipose tissue of the anterior abdominal wall. Net nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) efflux from adipose tissue increased steadily from 1,790 +/- 300 to 2,360 +/- 290 nmol.100 g-1.min-1 (P = 0.03), due to increasing transcapillary efflux of NEFA (release from adipocytes; P < 0.01). The reesterification rate after an overnight fast was close to zero; thus, reduction in the rate of reesterification played no part in the increased transcapillary efflux of NEFA. One-quarter of the net efflux of NEFA after an overnight fast arose from the action of lipoprotein lipase (LPL), although this relative contribution decreased during the study (P < 0.02). The increased transcapillary efflux of NEFA reflected a significant increase in the rate of action of hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL; P = 0.03). There was a strong relationship between mean arterial NEFA concentration and net NEFA release from adipose tissue (P < 0.001), implying that the particular depot studied reflects the behavior of adipose tissue as a whole. Thus the increasing efflux of NEFA from adipose tissue observed during early starvation is due to an increased rate of action of HSL, which may in turn be regulated by a fall in the plasma insulin concentration.
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After an overnight fast, plasma insulin concentrations fall and lipolysis increases, so the period is not a steady state.
“The exact length of the overnight fast may also be important: the steady state often supposed to exist after overnight fast is, in fact, a time of significant change in terms of falling plasma insulin concentrations and increasing lipolysis (Klein et al. 1993;Samra et al. 1996).”
From Glycaemic index methodology (2005) · cites this paper as Samra et al. 1996
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- Authors
- Samra, J. S., Clark, M. L., Humphreys, S. M., Macdonald, I. A., & Frayn, K. N.
- Affiliations
- John Radcliffe Hospital (GB)
- Venue
- American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 1996-09-01
- Volume
- 271
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- E541-E546
- ISSN
- 0193-1849 (ISSN-L)
- 1522-1555
- OpenAlex
- W2328779585
- Cited by
- 68
- References
- 22
- Citations by year
- 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 3 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 3 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 3.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipid metabolism and disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Keywords
- adipose tissue, lipid metabolism, free fatty acids, lipoprotein lipase, hormone-sensitive lipase, fatty acid re-esterification, subcutaneous adipose tissue, insulin
- MeSH terms
- Adipose Tissue, Adult, Fatty Acids, Female, Humans, Lipoprotein Lipase, Male, Middle Aged, Starvation, Lipid Metabolism
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