Cited by 37Mitochondrial Function and PathologyNitric Oxide and Endothelin EffectsSex and Gender in Healthcare

Dynamics of enhanced mitochondrial respiration in female compared with male rat cerebral arteries

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Rutkai, Ibolya, Dutta, Somhrita, Katakam, Prasad V., Busija, David W.·2015·American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

Abstract

Mitochondrial respiration has never been directly examined in intact cerebral arteries. We tested the hypothesis that mitochondrial energetics of large cerebral arteries ex vivo are sex dependent. The Seahorse XFe24 analyzer was used to examine mitochondrial respiration in isolated cerebral arteries from adult male and female Sprague-Dawley rats. We examined the role of nitric oxide (NO) on mitochondrial respiration under basal conditions, using N ω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester, and following pharmacological challenge using diazoxide (DZ), and also determined levels of mitochondrial and nonmitochondrial proteins using Western blot, and vascular diameter responses to DZ. The components of mitochondrial respiration including basal respiration, ATP production, proton leak, maximal respiration, and spare respiratory capacity were elevated in females compared with males, but increased in both male and female arteries in the presence of the NOS inhibitor. Although acute DZ treatment had little effect on mitochondrial respiration of male arteries, it decreased the respiration in female arteries. Levels of mitochondrial proteins in Complexes I–V and the voltage-dependent anion channel protein were elevated in female compared with male cerebral arteries. The DZ-induced vasodilation was greater in females than in males. Our findings show that substantial sex differences in mitochondrial respiratory dynamics exist in large cerebral arteries and may provide the mechanistic basis for observations that the female cerebral vasculature is more adaptable after injury.

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  • Mitochondria extracted from brain, liver, and cerebral arteries of female rodents displayed more efficient oxidative phosphorylation than in males.

    “mitochondria extracted from brain, liver, and cerebral arteries of female rodents displayed more efficient oxidative phosphorylation than in males”
  • Under physiological conditions, sex-specific differences in mitochondrial respiration, bioenergetics, and reactive oxygen species production have been reported in both human and animal studies.

    “Under physiological conditions, sex-specific differences in mitochondrial respiration, bioenergetics, and reactive oxygen species production have been reported in both human and animal studies.”

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Authors
Rutkai, I., Dutta, S., Katakam, P. V., & Busija, D. W.
Affiliations
Tulane University (US)
Corresponding author
Rutkai, Ibolya
Venue
American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology
Published
2015-11
Volume
309
Issue
9
Pages
H1490-H1500
ISSN
  • 0363-6135 (ISSN-L)
  • 1522-1539
OpenAlex
W1927834555
Cited by
37
References
59
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 4
FWCI
1.45
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • American Heart Association (AHA) (15POST23040005, 14SDG20490359)
  • Louisiana Board of Regents (Board of Regents) (LEQSF(2014-17)-RD-A-11)
  • NHLBI (HL-077731, HL093554)
  • Louisiana board of Regents Endowed Chairs for Eminent Scholars
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Sex and Gender in Healthcare
Keywords
mitochondrial respiration, cerebral arteries, sex differences, nitric oxide, nitric oxide synthase inhibition, diazoxide, vasodilation, mitochondrial proteins, voltage-dependent anion channel, ATP production, proton leak, spare respiratory capacity
MeSH terms
Adenosine Triphosphate, Animals, Cerebral Arteries, Diazoxide, Enzyme Inhibitors, Female, Male, Mitochondria, Nitric Oxide, Sex Factors, Vasodilator Agents, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Nitric Oxide Synthase, Cell Respiration, NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester, Mitochondrial Proteins, Endothelium-Dependent Relaxing Factors, Rats

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