Regional distribution of blood flow of dogs during graded dynamic exercise
Abstract
The regional blood flow response to progressive treadmill exercise was measured with radioactive microspheres in 25 untrained mongrel dogs. Incremental increases in work intensity resulted in corresponding increases in blood flows to the gracilis, gastrocnemius, semimembranosus, and semitendinosus muscles of the hindlimb and to the heart. During maximal exercise, blood flow was greatest in the semimembranosus muscle and lowest in the semitendinosus muscle (342 and 134 ml–1.100 g tissue-1.min-1, respectively). Exercise produced a decrease in blood flow to the temporalis muscle, which was classified as nonlocomotive in function. Blood flows to the stomach, pancreas, and large intestine decreased at the lowest exercise work load and remained diminished throughout the continuum to maximal exercise. Blood flows to the small intestine and spleen were maintained during submaximal exercise but were reduced by 50% at maximal O2 consumption (VO2max). No changes in blood flows to the kidneys, adrenal glands, liver, and brain were found. These results demonstrate that 1) renal blood flow is maintained at resting levels during exercise in untrained dogs; 2) blood flow changes in the various organs of the splanchnic region of dogs during exercise are heterogeneous; and 3) blood flows to the working skeletal muscles of dogs progressively increase with increasing work loads up to VO2max.
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The typical canine can increase heart rate from 118-125 bpm at rest to 241-279 bpm during maximal exercise.
“The typical canine can dramatically increase its heart rate from 118–125 bpm during rest to 241–279 bpm during maximal exercise (Haidet, Musch, Friedman, & Ordway, 1989; Juneau, Calderone, & Rouleau, 1992; Musch, et al., 1987).”
From Small and large animal models in cardiac contraction research: advantages and disadvantages (2014) · cites this paper as Musch, et al., 1987
Changes in other hemodynamic parameters during exercise are comparable between canines and humans, including cardiac output, O2 consumption, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and mean arterial pressure.
“changes in other hemodynamic parameters are comparable between canines and humans as well. Some of these parameters include cardiac output (canine: ~2.3, human: ~1.8 fold increase), O2 consumption (canine: ~7 fold increase, human: ~5.7 fold increase), systolic blood pressure (canine: ~0.4, human: ~0.6 fold increase), diastolic blood pressure (canine: 0.16, human: 0.07 fold decrease), and mean”
From Small and large animal models in cardiac contraction research: advantages and disadvantages (2014) · cites this paper as Musch, et al., 1987
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- Authors
- Musch, T. I., Friedman, D. B., Pitetti, K. H., Haidet, G. C., Stray-Gundersen, J., Mitchell, J. H., & Ordway, G. A.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (US)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, Southwestern Medical School, Dallas 75235.
- Venue
- Journal of Applied Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 1987-12-01
- Volume
- 63
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 2269-2277
- ISSN
- 0161-7567 (ISSN-L)
- 8750-7587
- 1522-1601
- OpenAlex
- W139774506
- Cited by
- 141
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 1.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Applied Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL06296, HL 07360, HL28662)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Thermoregulation and physiological responses
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Keywords
- regional blood flow, graded exercise, treadmill exercise, hindlimb skeletal muscle, splanchnic circulation, renal blood flow, temporalis muscle, gastrocnemius, semimembranosus, semitendinosus, gracilis, VO2max
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cardiac Output, Coronary Circulation, Coronary Vessels, Diaphragm, Digestive System, Dogs, Physical Exertion, Heart Rate, Hindlimb, Lactates, Microspheres, Oxygen Consumption, Radionuclide Imaging, Regional Blood Flow
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