Glucoregulation and hormonal responses to maximal exercise in non-insulin-dependent diabetes
Abstract
Maximal dynamic exercise results in a postexercise hyperglycemia in healthy young subjects. We investigated the influence of maximal exercise on glucoregulation in non-insulin-dependent diabetic subjects (NIDDM). Seven NIDDM and seven healthy control males bicycled 7 min at 60% of their maximal O2 consumption (VO2max), 3 min at 100% VO2max, and 2 min at 110% VO2max. In both groups, glucose production (Ra) increased more with exercise than did glucose uptake (Rd) and, accordingly, plasma glucose increased. However, in NIDDM subjects the increase in Ra was hastened and Rd inhibited compared with controls, so the increase in glucose occurred earlier and was greater [147 +/- 21 to 169 +/- 19 (30 min postexercise) vs. 90 +/- 4 to 100 +/- 5 (SE) mg/dl (10 min postexercise), P less than 0.05]. Glucose levels remained elevated for greater than 60 min postexercise in both groups. Glucose clearance increased during exercise but decreased postexercise to or below (NIDDM, P less than 0.05) basal levels, despite increased insulin levels (P less than 0.05). Plasma epinephrine and glucagon responses to exercise were higher in NIDDM than in control subjects (P less than 0.05). By use of the insulin clamp technique at 40 microU.m-2.min-1 of insulin with plasma glucose maintained at basal levels, glucose disposal in NIDDM subjects, but not in controls, was enhanced 24 h after exercise. It is concluded that, because of exaggerated counter-regulatory hormonal responses, maximal dynamic exercise…
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Heavy exercise may deteriorate glucose homeostasis in NIDDM patients.
“Previous studies have shown that in the fasting state moderate exercise may acutely reduce glucose and insulin concentrations in NIDDM patients [2] whereas heavy exercise may deteriorate glucose homeostasis [20].”
From The effect of moderate exercise on postprandial glucose homeostasis in NIDDM patients (1997) · cites this paper as [20]
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- Authors
- Kjaer, M., Hollenbeck, C. B., Frey-Hewitt, B., Galbo, H., Haskell, W., & Reaven, G. M.
- Affiliations
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, California.
- Stanford Medicine (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Applied Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 1990-05-01
- Volume
- 68
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 2067-2074
- ISSN
- 0161-7567 (ISSN-L)
- 8750-7587
- 1522-1601
- OpenAlex
- W1832063533
- Cited by
- 171
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 1.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Applied Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Keywords
- type 2 diabetes, maximal exercise, glucoregulation, glucose production, glucose uptake, glucose clearance, insulin, epinephrine, glucagon, counterregulatory hormones, insulin sensitivity
- MeSH terms
- Blood Glucose, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Epinephrine, Glucagon, Humans, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Male, Middle Aged, Norepinephrine, Exercise
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