Preliminary evidence that DEXA provides an accurate assessment of body composition
Abstract
Kohrt, Wendy M. Preliminary evidence that DEXA provides an accurate assessment of body composition. J. Appl. Physiol. 84(1): 372–377, 1998.—It was previously found that dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) underestimated central body fat. The purposes of this study were to determine whether an updated version (enhanced version 5.64) of the analysis program corrected this problem ( experiment 1) and to compare body composition assessed by DEXA and hydrodensitometry (HD) in women ( n= 225) and men ( n = 110) across a 21- to 81-yr age range ( experiment 2). For experiment 1, 10 subjects underwent DEXA procedures in a control condition and with packets of lard positioned over either the thighs or the truncal region. DEXA accurately quantified the additional mass as ∼96% fat, regardless of position. For experiment 2, DEXA yielded higher ( P < 0.001) estimates of fatness than did HD (32.1 ± 12.0 vs. 31.2 ± 10.1%). The mean difference between the two methods was similar in young, middle-aged, and older subjects, but was different in men (HD − DEXA, 1.6 ± 3.4% of body wt) than in women (−2.1 ± 3.8% of body wt). Correcting the density of fat-free mass for variance in the bone mineral fraction of fat-free mass reduced the difference between the methods in men from 1.6 ± 3.4 to −0.7 ± 2.9% but widened it in women from −2.1 ± 3.8 to −3.5 ± 3.4%. A second correction procedure that adjusted for variance in water, protein, and mineral fractions of fat-free mass eliminated the differences in estimates of fat content by DEXA and HD in both men (21.1 ± 9.3 vs. 20.6 ± 8.4%, respectively) and women (37.5 ± 9.3 vs. 36.8 ± 8.0%, respectively). These results provide encouraging, but not definitive, evidence that the assessment of body composition by DEXA is accurate under the specified conditions.
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DXA estimates of %BF are accurate, but values can differ by DXA instrumentation.
“Estimates of %BF are also accurate (11)(12)(13), but values can differ based on the DXA instrumentation utilized (e.g., Lunar, Hologic, Norland).”
From Comparison of Body Composition Methods in Obese African‐American Women (2006) · cites this paper as [12]
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- Authors
- Kohrt, W. M.
- Affiliations
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kohrt, Wendy M.
- Venue
- Journal of Applied Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 1998-01-01
- Volume
- 84
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 372-377
- ISSN
- 0161-7567 (ISSN-L)
- 8750-7587
- 1522-1601
- OpenAlex
- W2211648765
- Cited by
- 186
- References
- 19
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 5.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Applied Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r29ar040705-05)
- National Institute on Aging (P60AG013629, AG-13629, AG05562)
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (AR-40705)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Body Composition Measurement Techniques
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Emergency Medicine › HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Keywords
- dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, body composition, hydrodensitometry, method comparison, sex differences, age differences, fat determination
- MeSH terms
- Adipose Tissue, Adolescent, Adult, Aging, Body Composition, Body Water, Densitometry, Diagnostic Imaging, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Proteins, Reference Values, Sex Characteristics, Absorptiometry, Photon, Bone Density
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