Progressive exercise training improves cardiovascular psychophysiological outcomes in young adult women with a history of adverse childhood experiences
Open accessAbstract
This randomized controlled pilot trial shows, for the first time, that 8 wk of structured, progressive exercise training lowers serum endothelin-1 (ET-1) and improves positive psychological coping in young women with significant early-life psychosocial stress. Furthermore, the observed associations among changes in psychological attributes, ET-1, and systolic blood pressure signify a potential interplay between positive psychology and cardiovascular disease risk among women with adverse childhood experiences.
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The caffeine supplement delivered 120 mg of caffeine, or about 1.9 mg/kg, a dose confirmed by independent laboratory analysis.
“Participants supplemented each day of the six-week training period with either placebo (maltodextrin) or a caffeine-based supplement (organic guayusa extract) providing 120 mg of caffeine (1.9 ± 0.34 mg/kg), which was confirmed by laboratory analyses”
From Habitual preexercise caffeine supplementation prevents exercise training-induced attenuation of exercising systolic blood pressure and double product (2025) · cites this paper as [31]
The Experimental Design section describes an eight-week exercise intervention with a nonexercise control group, but does not address a caffeine supplement. Searches for guayusa, 120 mg of caffeine, maltodextrin, and laboratory confirmation found no passage supporting the claimed dose or analysis. The laboratory analyses described in the Serum Endothelin-1 and CRP Measurement section concern blood samples, not supplement content; page numbers were unavailable. (LLM, conf=0.76)
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Rogers, E. M., Banks, N. F., & Jenkins, N. D. M. (2024) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.3667 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Self-citationWest, K. S., Helwig, N. J., Schwager, L. E., Hart, T. W., Zucker, A. C., Venenga, J. S., Flores, M., & Jenkins, N. D. M. (2025) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00874.2024 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Rogers, E. M., Banks, N. F., Tomko, P. M., Sciarrillo, C. M., Emerson, S. R., Thomas, E. B. K., Taylor, A., Teague, T. K., & Jenkins, N. D. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Iowa (US)
- Kent State University (US)
- Baylor College of Medicine (US)
- Oklahoma State University (US)
- University of Oklahoma - Tulsa (US)
- Corresponding author
- Jenkins, Nathaniel D.M.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Applied Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 2023-03-01
- Volume
- 134
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 742-752
- ISSN
- 0161-7567 (ISSN-L)
- 8750-7587
- 1522-1601
- PMC
- PMC10027078
- OpenAlex
- W4318913137
- Cited by
- 11
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 1
- FWCI
- 3.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Applied Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Maynooth University ePrints and eTheses Archive (Maynooth University) (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- HHS | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (P20GM109097)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Keywords
- adverse childhood experiences, endothelin-1, coping, positive psychology, systolic blood pressure, cardiovascular risk, young women, psychophysiology
- MeSH terms
- Adverse Childhood Experiences, Adolescent, Blood Pressure, Cardiovascular Diseases, Female, Humans, Exercise, Endothelin-1, Young Adult
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