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Effect of exercise, training, and glycogen availability on IL-6 receptor expression in human skeletal muscle
Abstract
The cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) exerts it actions via the IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) in conjunction with the ubiquitously expressed gp130 receptor. IL-6 is tightly regulated in response to exercise, being affected by factors such as exercise intensity and duration, as well as energy availability. Although the IL-6 response to exercise has been extensively studied, little is known about the regulation of the IL-6R response. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effect of exercise, training, and glycogen availability, factors known to affect IL-6, on the regulation of gene expression of the IL-6R in human skeletal muscle. Human subjects performed either 10 wk of training with an acute exercise bout before and after the training period, or a low-glycogen vs. normal-glycogen acute exercise trial. The IL-6R mRNA response was evaluated in both trials. In response to acute exercise, an increase in IL-6R mRNA levels was observed. Neither training nor intramuscular glycogen levels had an effect on the IL-6R mRNA response to exercise. However, after 10 wk of training, the skeletal muscle expressed a higher mRNA level of IL-6R compared with before training. The present study demonstrated that the IL-6R gene expression levels in skeletal muscle are increased in response to acute exercise, a response that is very well conserved, being affected by neither training status nor intramuscular glycogen levels, as opposed to IL-6. However, after the training period, IL-6R mRNA production was increased in skeletal muscle, suggesting a sensitization of skeletal muscle to IL-6 at rest.
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“In contrast, the muscular expression of the IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) is elevated in trained human muscle (57), suggesting that muscular sensitivity to IL-6 is increased by training adaptation.”
From Muscle–Organ Crosstalk: The Emerging Roles of Myokines (2020) · cites this paper as [57]
In the citing paper
“in humans, chronic exercise training reduces plasma concentrations of IL-6; however, this effect could be partially mitigated by increased skeletal muscle mRNA expression of IL-6 receptor32.”
From Exerkines in health, resilience and disease (2022) · cites this paper as [32]
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Muscles, exercise and obesity: skeletal muscle as a secretory organ
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“In contrast, the muscular expression of the IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) is elevated in trained human muscle (57), suggesting that muscular sensitivity to IL-6 is increased by training adaptation.”
BackgroundSelf-citationExerkines in health, resilience and disease
Chow, L. S., Gerszten, R. E., Taylor, J. M., Pedersen, B. K., van Praag, H., Trappe, S., Febbraio, M. A., Galis, Z. S., Gao, Y., Haus, J. M., et al. (2022) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/s41574-022-00641-2 · Cited by 927
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Metadata
- Authors
- Keller, C., Steensberg, A., Hansen, A. K., Fischer, C. P., Plomgaard, P., & Pedersen, B. K.
- Affiliations
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- Venue
- Journal of Applied Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 2005-12
- Volume
- 99
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 2075-2079
- ISSN
- 0161-7567 (ISSN-L)
- 8750-7587
- 1522-1601
- OpenAlex
- W2147235183
- Cited by
- 179
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 5.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Applied Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Research Centre
- Danmarks Grundforskningsfond
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Keywords
- IL-6 receptor, skeletal muscle, physical activity, training, acute exercise, interleukin-6, gp130, energy availability
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Physiological, Adult, Physical Exertion, Gene Expression Regulation, Glycogen, Humans, Male, Physical Fitness, Exercise, Muscle, Skeletal, Receptors, Interleukin-6
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