The DOI matches its Crossref record; 20 of the 20 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Role of the Basal Ganglia in the Control of Purposive Saccadic Eye Movements
Abstract
In addition to their well-known role in skeletal movements, the basal ganglia control saccadic eye movements (saccades) by means of their connection to the superior colliculus (SC). The SC receives convergent inputs from cerebral cortical areas and the basal ganglia. To make a saccade to an object purposefully, appropriate signals must be selected out of the cortical inputs, in which the basal ganglia play a crucial role. This is done by the sustained inhibitory input from the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) to the SC. This inhibition can be removed by another inhibition from the caudate nucleus (CD) to the SNr, which results in a disinhibition of the SC. The basal ganglia have another mechanism, involving the external segment of the globus pallidus and the subthalamic nucleus, with which the SNr-SC inhibition can further be enhanced. The sensorimotor signals carried by the basal ganglia neurons are strongly modulated depending on the behavioral context, which reflects working memory, expectation, and attention. Expectation of reward is a critical determinant in that the saccade that has been rewarded is facilitated subsequently. The interaction between cortical and dopaminergic inputs to CD neurons may underlie the behavioral adaptation toward purposeful saccades.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
A neural substrate of prediction and reward
Schultz, W., Dayan, P., & Montague, P. R. (1997) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.275.5306.1593 · Cited by 9,388
Parallel organization of functionally segregated circuits linking basal ganglia and cortex
Alexander, G. E., DeLong, M. R., & Strick, P. L. (1986) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.ne.09.030186.002041 · Cited by 8,527
Olds, J., & Milner, P. (1954) · Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0058775 · Cited by 3,176
Mnemonic coding of visual space in the monkey's dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
Funahashi, S., Bruce, C. J., & Goldman-Rakic, P. S. (1989) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.1989.61.2.331 · Cited by 2,685
From motivation to action: Functional interface between the limbic system and the motor system
MOGENSON, G., JONES, D., & YIM, C. (1980) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/0301-0082(80)90018-0 · Cited by 2,331
Neurotransmitters and neuromodulators in the basal ganglia
Graybiel, A. M. (1990) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/0166-2236(90)90104-i · Cited by 1,576
Andersen, R. A., Snyder, L. H., Bradley, D. C., & Xing, J. (1997) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.20.1.303 · Cited by 1,486
D1 Dopamine Receptors in Prefrontal Cortex: Involvement in Working Memory
Sawaguchi, T., & Goldman-Rakic, P. S. (1991) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1825731 · Cited by 1,364
Coding of intention in the posterior parietal cortex
Snyder, L. H., Batista, A. P., & Andersen, R. A. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/386167a0 · Cited by 1,103
Reward expectancy in primate prefrental neurons
Watanabe, M. (1996) · Nature · doi:10.1038/382629a0 · Cited by 684
Cited by
Dopamine in motivational control: rewarding, aversive, and alerting
Bromberg-Martin, E. S., Matsumoto, M., & Hikosaka, O. (2010) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2010.11.022 · Cited by 2,396
Self-citationRegulation of parkinsonian motor behaviours by optogenetic control of basal ganglia circuitry
Kravitz, A. V., Freeze, B. S., Parker, P. R. L., Kay, K., Thwin, M. T., Deisseroth, K., & Kreitzer, A. C. (2010) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature09159 · Cited by 1,885
Functional significance of the cortico-subthalamo-pallidal “hyperdirect” pathway
Nambu, A., Tokuno, H., & Takada, M. (2002) · Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1016/s0168-0102(02)00027-5 · Cited by 1,371
Two types of dopamine neuron distinctly convey positive and negative motivational signals
Matsumoto, M., & Hikosaka, O. (2009) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature08028 · Cited by 1,378
Self-citationThe role of the dorsomedial striatum in instrumental conditioning
Yin, H. H., Ostlund, S. B., Knowlton, B. J., & Balleine, B. W. (2005) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.04218.x · Cited by 1,099
Metadata
- Authors
- Hikosaka, O., Takikawa, Y., & Kawagoe, R.
- Venue
- Physiological Reviews
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 2000-07-01
- Volume
- 80
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 953-978
- ISSN
- 0031-9333 (ISSN-L)
- 1522-1210
- OpenAlex
- W2105294045
- Cited by
- 1,302
- References
- 20
- FWCI
- 3.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Role of the Basal Ganglia in the Control of Purposive Saccadic Eye Movements. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1152/physrev.2000.80.3.953
- The paper
- Hikosaka, O., Takikawa, Y., & Kawagoe, R. (2000). Role of the Basal Ganglia in the Control of Purposive Saccadic Eye Movements. Physiological Reviews. https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.2000.80.3.953
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
