Dopamine in motivational control: rewarding, aversive, and alerting

Bromberg-Martin, Ethan S.; Matsumoto, Masayuki; Hikosaka, Okihide

doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2010.11.022

Cited by 2,396Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on BehaviorNeural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research

Dopamine in motivational control: rewarding, aversive, and alerting

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Bromberg-Martin, Ethan S., Matsumoto, Masayuki, Hikosaka, Okihide·2010·Neuron

DOI 10.1016/j.neuron.2010.11.022PMC PMC3032992

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Abstract

Midbrain dopamine neurons are well known for their strong responses to rewards and their critical role in positive motivation. It has become increasingly clear, however, that dopamine neurons also transmit signals related to salient but nonrewarding experiences such as aversive and alerting events. Here we review recent advances in understanding the reward and nonreward functions of dopamine. Based on this data, we propose that dopamine neurons come in multiple types that are connected with distinct brain networks and have distinct roles in motivational control. Some dopamine neurons encode motivational value, supporting brain networks for seeking, evaluation, and value learning. Others encode motivational salience, supporting brain networks for orienting, cognition, and general motivation. Both types of dopamine neurons are augmented by an alerting signal involved in rapid detection of potentially important sensory cues. We hypothesize that these dopaminergic pathways for value, salience, and alerting cooperate to support adaptive behavior.

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Most forebrain monoamines originate in the midbrain: serotonin in the dorsal raphe, norepinephrine in the locus coeruleus, and dopamine in the VTA or substantia nigra pars compacta.
“The endogenous source for the majority of monoamines in the forebrain come from the midbrain, with serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine arising from the dorsal raphe (DR), locus coeruleus (LC), and ventral tegmental area (VTA) or substantia nigra pars compacta, respectively”
From Mechanisms of ketamine and its metabolites as antidepressants (2022) · cites this paper as Bromberg-Martin et al., 2010
The Introduction (page not provided) identifies the VTA and substantia nigra pars compacta as major sources of dopamine in the cerebral cortex and most subcortical areas. Our copy does not establish the claimed dorsal-raphe source of forebrain serotonin, locus-coeruleus source of forebrain norepinephrine, or the broader statement about most forebrain monoamines. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Midbrain dopamine neurons constitute the mesocorticolimbic pathway critical for creating rewards and signaling aversive outcomes.
“Furthermore, midbrain DA neurons constitute the mesocorticolimbic pathway critical for creating rewards and signaling aversive outcomes (55, 56).”
From Emotional Blunting in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder: A Brief Non-systematic Review of Current Research (2021) · cites this paper as [55]
In “Destinations of motivational value signals” (page not provided), the paper describes midbrain dopamine projections to prefrontal cortex and ventral striatum; in “Diverse dopamine responses to aversive events,” it reports dopamine-neuron signals related to aversive outcomes. But “Dopamine in motivation of reward-seeking actions” says dopamine is crucial for motivation to seek rewards, not necessarily for producing the pleasure of a reward. Thus “creating rewards” overstates what the source supports. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
DA neurotransmission is essential for diverse behavioral outputs, including motivation, cognition, reward learning, decision making, salience attribution, and voluntary motor control.
“DA neurotransmission is essential for diverse behavioral outputs, including motivation, cognition, reward learning, decision making, salience attribution, and voluntary motor control [121–127].”
From Adolescent nicotine exposure and persistent neurocircuitry changes: unveiling lifelong psychiatric risks (2025) · cites this paper as [123]
The Introduction describes dopamine as crucial to motivation and choosing actions, while the Conclusion links dopamine signals to cognition and motivational salience. The section on reward-seeking actions supports a role in reward learning, and the section on motivational value and salience says dopamine neurons are critical for reliable motor performance. The source does not establish that dopamine neurotransmission is essential for voluntary motor control generally, rather than for the motivated motor performance it discusses. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
In primates, even a very mild stress can activate the dopaminergic 'salience' neurons that respond to both aversive and rewarding events and can increase dopamine release in dlPFC.
“In primates, even a very mild stress can activate the dopaminergic ‘salience’ neurons that respond to both aversive and rewarding events46 and can increase dopamine release in dlPFC47.”
From Stress weakens prefrontal networks: molecular insults to higher cognition (2015) · cites this paper as [46]
In “Diverse dopamine responses to aversive events” (page unavailable), the paper describes salience-coding dopamine neurons excited by both rewarding and aversive events, including responses to aversive airpuffs. It does not establish that even a very mild stress activates them in primates. The separate dlPFC-release clause is attached to citation 47, not this source. (LLM, conf=0.83)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Salience-signalling dopamine neurons do not differentiate the unpredicted absence of reward and aversion.
“salience-signalling dopamine neurons do not differentiate the unpredicted absence of reward and aversion (right panel)”
From Aberrant Salience, Information Processing, and Dopaminergic Signaling in People at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis (2020) · cites this paper as Bromberg-Martin et al. (2010)

Dopamine neurons signalling salience activate to cues predicting reward and aversion.
“(B) dopamine neurons signalling salience activate to cues predicting reward (red) and aversion (blue) (left panel)”
From Aberrant Salience, Information Processing, and Dopaminergic Signaling in People at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis (2020) · cites this paper as Bromberg-Martin et al. (2010)
Dopamine neurons activate to delivery of both salient rewarding and aversive outcomes.
“dopamine neurons activate to delivery of both salient rewarding (red) and aversive (blue) outcomes (middle panel)”
From Aberrant Salience, Information Processing, and Dopaminergic Signaling in People at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis (2020) · cites this paper as Bromberg-Martin et al. (2010)
Other dopamine neurons are excited by outcomes other than rewards and by cues predicting these outcomes.
“Subsequent animal cell recordings have shown that other dopamine neurons are excited by outcomes other than rewards, and to the cues predicting these outcomes (5, 8-13).”
From Aberrant Salience, Information Processing, and Dopaminergic Signaling in People at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis (2020) · cites this paper as [11]
Dopamine signals salient outcomes.
“dopamine signals salient outcomes.”
From Aberrant Salience, Information Processing, and Dopaminergic Signaling in People at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis (2020) · cites this paper as Bromberg-Martin et al. (2010)
RPE signals are projected to a decision making network including striatal, prefrontal, and insular regions.
“Such RPE signals are projected to a decision making network including striatal, prefrontal, and insular regions (e.g., Blakemore and Robbins, 2012; Bromberg-Martin et al., 2010; Gläscher et al., 2009).”
From Cognitive flexibility in adolescence: Neural and behavioral mechanisms of reward prediction error processing in adaptive decision making during development (2015) · cites this paper as Bromberg-Martin et al., 2010
Distinct populations of dopamine neurons encode motivational value, whereby certain dopamine neurons are excited by appetitive stimuli, which promote approach, and inhibited by aversive stimuli, which promote withdrawal.
“distinct populations of dopamine neurons encode: 1) motivational value, whereby certain dopamine neurons are excited by appetitive stimuli, which promote approach, and inhibited by aversive stimuli, which promote withdrawal”
From Oxytocin, motivation and the role of dopamine (2014) · cites this paper as Bromberg-Martin et al., 2010
Other dopamine neurons encode motivational salience, showing weak responses to neutral events but excited by salient events regardless of whether the event was appetitive or aversive.
“2) motivational salience, as other dopamine neurons show weak responses to neutral events but are excited by salient events (i.e. regardless of whether the event was appetitive or aversive in nature (Bromberg-Martin et al., 2010).”
From Oxytocin, motivation and the role of dopamine (2014) · cites this paper as Bromberg-Martin et al., 2010
Dopaminergic manipulations appear to influence assignment of motivational value or salience, impacting the drive toward rewards, rather than the pleasure derived from the reward itself.
“Hence, dopaminergic manipulations appear to influence assignment of motivational value or salience, impacting the drive toward such rewards, rather than the pleasure derived from the reward itself (Berridge and Robinson, 1998, Bromberg-Martin et al., 2010, Salamone, 2007).”
From Oxytocin, motivation and the role of dopamine (2014) · cites this paper as Bromberg-Martin et al., 2010
Signals within certain subpopulations of dopamine neurons are hypothesized to encode motivational salience while others carry signal relating to the motivational value.
“As discussed above, signals within certain subpopulations of dopamine neurons are hypothesized to encode motivational salience while others carry signal relating to the motivational value (appetitive versus aversive; Bromberg-Martin et al., 2010).”
From Oxytocin, motivation and the role of dopamine (2014) · cites this paper as Bromberg-Martin et al., 2010
The OFC projects reward-related information to the ventral striatum, providing a route, in part via the habenula, for reward-related information to reach dopamine neurons, which respond to positive reward prediction error.
“The OFC projects reward-related information to the ventral striatum (Williams et al., 1993), and this provides a route, in part via the habenula, for reward-related information to reach the dopamine neurons (Rolls, 2017), which respond inter alia to positive reward prediction error (Bromberg-Martin et al., 2010; Schultz, 2016a, 2017).”
From The orbitofrontal cortex: reward, emotion and depression (2020) · cites this paper as Bromberg-Martin et al., 2010
Dopamine neurons can fire in response to unexpected aversive outcomes and cues predicting punishments.
“It is now well-established that dopamine neurons can also fire in response to unexpected aversive outcomes and cues predicting punishments [45].”
From A neoHebbian framework for episodic memory; role of dopamine-dependent late LTP (2011) · cites this paper as [45]
More recent work has demonstrated conditions under which dopamine cells can be driven by aversive stimuli.
“More recent work has demonstrated conditions under which dopamine cells can be driven by aversive stimuli (reviewed in [45]; see also Box 2).”
From A neoHebbian framework for episodic memory; role of dopamine-dependent late LTP (2011) · cites this paper as [45]

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Lateral Habenula Stimulation Inhibits Rat Midbrain Dopamine Neurons through a GABAA Receptor-Mediated Mechanism
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Dopamine neurons of the monkey midbrain: contingencies of responses to stimuli eliciting immediate behavioral reactions
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Dissociation of hippocampus and caudate nucleus memory systems by posttraining intracerebral injection of dopamine agonists.
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Neural systems implicated in delayed and probabilistic reinforcement
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Functional and Dysfunctional Synaptic Plasticity in Prefrontal Cortex: Roles in Psychiatric Disorders
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How visual stimuli activate dopaminergic neurons at short latency
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Dopamine Neurons Can Represent Context-Dependent Prediction Error
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Midbrain dopaminergic neurons and striatal cholinergic interneurons encode the difference between reward and aversive events at different epochs of probabilistic classical conditioning trials
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Dissociating valuation and saliency signals during decision-making
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Human substantia nigra neurons encode unexpected financial rewards
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Dopaminergic Drugs Modulate Learning Rates and Perseveration in Parkinson's Patients in a Dynamic Foraging Task
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Glutamatergic axons from the lateral habenula mainly terminate on GABAergic neurons of the ventral midbrain
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Role of Striatum in Updating Values of Chosen Actions
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Dopamine is necessary for cue-dependent fear conditioning
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Pedunculopontine Tegmental Nucleus Controls Conditioned Responses of Midbrain Dopamine Neurons in Behaving Rats
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Background
A Pallidus-Habenula-Dopamine Pathway Signals Inferred Stimulus Values
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A conditioned stimulus decreases extracellular dopamine in the nucleus accumbens after the development of a learned taste aversion
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Dopamine release is heterogeneous within microenvironments of the rat nucleus accumbens
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The Role of an Amygdalo-Nigrostriatal Pathway in Associative Learning
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The integration of negative affect, pain and cognitive control in the cingulate cortex
Shackman, A. J., Salomons, T. V., Slagter, H. A., Fox, A. S., Winter, J. J., & Davidson, R. J. (2011) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn2994 · Cited by 2,082 · see citing works
The mysterious motivational functions of mesolimbic dopamine
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Input-specific control of reward and aversion in the ventral tegmental area
Lammel, S., Lim, B. K., Ran, C., Huang, K. W., Betley, M. J., Tye, K. M., Deisseroth, K., & Malenka, R. C. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature11527 · Cited by 1,300 · see citing works
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Circuit architecture of VTA dopamine neurons revealed by systematic input-output mapping
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Allostasis: A model of predictive regulation
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Distinct roles for direct and indirect pathway striatal neurons in reinforcement
Kravitz, A. V., Tye, L. D., & Kreitzer, A. C. (2012) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.3100 · Cited by 972 · see citing works
The Psychology and Neuroscience of Curiosity
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The dopamine motive system: implications for drug and food addiction
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The Social Salience Hypothesis of Oxytocin
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“This signal is involved in rapid detection of and alerting to potentially important sensory cues (89), and is most likely triggered by information received from the superior colliculi (90)—brain stem areas associated with eye movement and attention.”
What does dopamine mean?
Berke, J. D. (2018) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0152-y · Cited by 904 · see citing works
The Neurobiology of Human Attachments
Feldman, R. (2017) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2016.11.007 · Cited by 839 · see citing works
Striatal Dopamine Release Is Triggered by Synchronized Activity in Cholinergic Interneurons
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Reward and aversion in a heterogeneous midbrain dopamine system
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Intact-brain analyses reveal distinct information carried by SNc dopamine subcircuits
Lerner, T. N., Shilyansky, C., Davidson, T. J., Evans, K. E., Beier, K. T., Zalocusky, K. A., Crow, A. K., Malenka, R. C., Luo, L., Tomer, R., et al. (2015) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2015.07.014 · Cited by 794 · see citing works
“…that the DA neurons, which increase their firing in response to these stimuli, may signal salience rather than value (Brischoux et al., 2009; Bromberg-Martin et al., 2010; Matsumoto and Hikosaka, 2009), though controversy on this point remains (Cohen et al., 2012; Fiorillo et al., 2013,…”
BackgroundInfluential
Stress weakens prefrontal networks: molecular insults to higher cognition
Arnsten, A. F. T. (2015) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.4087 · Cited by 752 · see citing works
Projection-specific modulation of dopamine neuron synapses by aversive and rewarding stimuli
Lammel, S., Ion, D. I., Roeper, J., & Malenka, R. C. (2011) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2011.03.025 · Cited by 766 · see citing works
Glutamate and dopamine in schizophrenia: An update for the 21 st century
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Updating dopamine reward signals
Schultz, W. (2013) · Current Opinion in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.conb.2012.11.012 · Cited by 651 · see citing works
Dopamine and Cognitive Control in Prefrontal Cortex
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How prediction errors shape perception, attention, and motivation
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The Emerging Neuroscience of Intrinsic Motivation: A New Frontier in Self-Determination Research
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Neuromodulation of thought: flexibilities and vulnerabilities in prefrontal cortical network synapses
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Differential Innervation of Direct- and Indirect-Pathway Striatal Projection Neurons
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Neural Circuitry of Reward Prediction Error
Watabe-Uchida, M., Eshel, N., & Uchida, N. (2017) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev-neuro-072116-031109 · Cited by 437 · see citing works
The orbitofrontal cortex: reward, emotion and depression
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A neoHebbian framework for episodic memory; role of dopamine-dependent late LTP
Lisman, J., Grace, A. A., & Duzel, E. (2011) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2011.07.006 · Cited by 465 · see citing works
Understanding opioid reward
Fields, H. L., & Margolis, E. B. (2015) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2015.01.002 · Cited by 432 · see citing works
Coordinated and compartmentalized neuromodulation shapes sensory processing in Drosophila
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Mapping projections of molecularly defined dopamine neuron subtypes using intersectional genetic approaches
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Linking context with reward: a functional circuit from hippocampal CA3 to ventral tegmental area
Luo, A. H., Tahsili-Fahadan, P., Wise, R. A., Lupica, C. R., & Aston-Jones, G. (2011) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1204622 · Cited by 425 · see citing works
Nucleus Accumbens Subnuclei Regulate Motivated Behavior via Direct Inhibition and Disinhibition of VTA Dopamine Subpopulations
Yang, H., de Jong, J. W., Tak, Y., Peck, J., Bateup, H. S., & Lammel, S. (2018) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2017.12.022 · Cited by 407 · see citing works
The neuromodulator of exploration: A unifying theory of the role of dopamine in personality
DeYoung, C. G. (2013) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00762 · Cited by 387 · see citing works
Optogenetic interrogation of dopaminergic modulation of the multiple phases of reward-seeking behavior
Adamantidis, A. R., Tsai, H.-C., Boutrel, B., Zhang, F., Stuber, G. D., Budygin, E. A., Tourino, C., Bonci, A., Deisseroth, K., & de Lecea, L. (2011) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2246-11.2011 · Cited by 357 · see citing works
Reward, addiction, withdrawal to nicotine
De Biasi, M., & Dani, J. A. (2011) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev-neuro-061010-113734 · Cited by 366 · see citing works
“VTA inhibition has been proposed to signal the motivational value of unexpected, aversive events whereas VTA excitation is thought to signal salience to help respond to environmental changes (Bromberg-Martin et al. 2010).”
Background
Oxytocin, motivation and the role of dopamine
Love, T. M. (2014) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2013.06.011 · Cited by 369 · see citing works
The mesoaccumbens dopamine in coping with stress
Cabib, S., & Puglisi-Allegra, S. (2012) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2011.04.012 · Cited by 329 · see citing works
Pain relief produces negative reinforcement through activation of mesolimbic reward-valuation circuitry
Navratilova, E., Xie, J. Y., Okun, A., Qu, C., Eyde, N., Ci, S., Ossipov, M. H., King, T., Fields, H. L., & Porreca, F. (2012) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1214605109 · Cited by 313 · see citing works
Dorsal Raphe Dopamine Neurons Modulate Arousal and Promote Wakefulness by Salient Stimuli
Cho, J. R., Treweek, J. B., Robinson, J. E., Xiao, C., Bremner, L. R., Greenbaum, A., & Gradinaru, V. (2017) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2017.05.020 · Cited by 276 · see citing works
Biased Oxytocinergic Modulation of Midbrain Dopamine Systems
Xiao, L., Priest, M. F., Nasenbeny, J., Lu, T., & Kozorovitskiy, Y. (2017) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2017.06.003 · Cited by 292 · see citing works
The hippocampal-striatal axis in learning, prediction and goal-directed behavior
Pennartz, C. M. A., Ito, R., Verschure, P. F. M. J., Battaglia, F. P., & Robbins, T. W. (2011) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2011.08.001 · Cited by 287 · see citing works
What, If, and When to Move: Basal Ganglia Circuits and Self-Paced Action Initiation
Klaus, A., Alves da Silva, J., & Costa, R. M. (2019) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev-neuro-072116-031033 · Cited by 284 · see citing works
Action versus valence in decision making
Guitart-Masip, M., Duzel, E., Dolan, R., & Dayan, P. (2014) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2014.01.003 · Cited by 270 · see citing works
Lateral habenula neurons signal errors in the prediction of reward information
Bromberg-Martin, E. S., & Hikosaka, O. (2011) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.2902 · Cited by 275 · see citing works
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Dopamine modulates novelty seeking behavior during decision making.
Costa, V. D., Tran, V. L., Turchi, J., & Averbeck, B. B. (2014) · Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.1037/a0037128 · Cited by 263 · see citing works
Dopaminergic modulation of sucrose acceptance behavior in Drosophila
Marella, S., Mann, K., & Scott, K. (2012) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2011.12.032 · Cited by 240 · see citing works
Reward and aversion
Hu, H. (2016) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev-neuro-070815-014106 · Cited by 253 · see citing works
Basal Ganglia Circuits for Reward Value–Guided Behavior
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Alcohol, stress, and glucocorticoids: From risk to dependence and relapse in alcohol use disorders
Blaine, S. K., & Sinha, R. (2017) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.01.037 · Cited by 257 · see citing works
“A wealth of preclinical and clinical data indicates that acute stressors may play a role in the motivation for alcohol consumption in those with and without AUDs (Chaplin et al., 2008; Goeders, 2004; Sinha, 2001; Uhart and Wand, 2009).”
Nucleus accumbens medium spiny neurons subtypes signal both reward and aversion
Soares-Cunha, C., de Vasconcelos, N. A. P., Coimbra, B., Domingues, A. V., Silva, J. M., Loureiro-Campos, E., Gaspar, R., Sotiropoulos, I., Sousa, N., & Rodrigues, A. J. (2020) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-019-0484-3 · Cited by 256 · see citing works
From ventral-medial to dorsal-lateral striatum: neural correlates of reward-guided decision-making
Burton, A. C., Nakamura, K., & Roesch, M. R. (2015) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2014.05.003 · Cited by 238 · see citing works
Dopaminergic basis of salience dysregulation in psychosis
Winton-Brown, T. T., Fusar-Poli, P., Ungless, M. A., & Howes, O. D. (2014) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2013.11.003 · Cited by 231 · see citing works
Climbing fibers encode a temporal-difference prediction error during cerebellar learning in mice
Ohmae, S., & Medina, J. F. (2015) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.4167 · Cited by 243 · see citing works
Dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens core signals perceived saliency
Kutlu, M. G., Zachry, J. E., Melugin, P. R., Cajigas, S. A., Chevee, M. F., Kelly, S. J., Kutlu, B., Tian, L., Siciliano, C. A., & Calipari, E. S. (2021) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.08.052 · Cited by 238 · see citing works
Striatal mechanisms underlying movement, reinforcement, and punishment
Kravitz, A. V., & Kreitzer, A. C. (2012) · Physiology · doi:10.1152/physiol.00004.2012 · Cited by 224 · see citing works
Aversive Stimuli Differentially Modulate Real-Time Dopamine Transmission Dynamics within the Nucleus Accumbens Core and Shell
Badrinarayan, A., Wescott, S. A., Vander Weele, C. M., Saunders, B. T., Couturier, B. E., Maren, S., & Aragona, B. J. (2012) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3557-12.2012 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
Oxytocin influences processing of socially relevant cues in the ventral tegmental area of the human brain.
Groppe, S. E., Gossen, A., Rademacher, L., Hahn, A., Westphal, L., Gründer, G., & Spreckelmeyer, K. N. (2013) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.12.023 · Cited by 218 · see citing works
Distributed and Mixed Information in Monosynaptic Inputs to Dopamine Neurons
Tian, J., Huang, R., Cohen, J. Y., Osakada, F., Kobak, D., Machens, C. K., Callaway, E. M., Uchida, N., & Watabe-Uchida, M. (2016) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2016.08.018 · Cited by 224 · see citing works
Cognitive flexibility in adolescence: Neural and behavioral mechanisms of reward prediction error processing in adaptive decision making during development
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Multiple roles for orexin/hypocretin in addiction
Mahler, S. V., Smith, R. J., Moorman, D. E., Sartor, G. C., & Aston-Jones, G. (2012) · Progress in Brain Research · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-59489-1.00007-0 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
PERIL AND PLEASURE: AN RDOC-INSPIRED EXAMINATION OF THREAT RESPONSES AND REWARD PROCESSING IN ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION: Neighborhood Characteristics and Mental Health
Dillon, D. G., Rosso, I. M., Pechtel, P., Killgore, W. D. S., Rauch, S. L., & Pizzagalli, D. A. (2014) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.22202 · Cited by 209 · see citing works
An action potential initiation mechanism in distal axons for the control of dopamine release
Liu, C., Cai, X., Ritzau-Jost, A., Kramer, P. F., Li, Y., Khaliq, Z. M., Hallermann, S., & Kaeser, P. S. (2022) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abn0532 · Cited by 213 · see citing works
Parallel maturation of goal-directed behavior and dopaminergic systems during adolescence
Naneix, F., Marchand, A. R., Di Scala, G., Pape, J.-R., & Coutureau, E. (2012) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3080-12.2012 · Cited by 209 · see citing works
Frontal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Induces Dopamine Release in the Ventral Striatum in Human
Fonteneau, C., Redoute, J., Haesebaert, F., Le Bars, D., Costes, N., Suaud-Chagny, M.-F., & Brunelin, J. (2018) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhy093 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Two Dimensions of Value: Dopamine Neurons Represent Reward But Not Aversiveness
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Authors: Bromberg-Martin, E. S., Matsumoto, M., & Hikosaka, O.
Affiliations: National Institutes of Health (US)
Corresponding author: Hikosaka, Okihide
ORCID: Bromberg-Martin, Ethan S.
Matsumoto, Masayuki
Hikosaka, Okihide
Venue: Neuron
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2010-12
Volume: 68
Issue: 5
Pages: 815-834
ISSN: 0896-6273 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2010.11.022
PMC: PMC3032992
OpenAlex: W2076457657
Cited by: 2,396
References: 275
Citations by year: 2026: 131 · 2025: 208 · 2024: 189 · 2023: 137 · 2022: 158 · 2021: 185 · 2020: 208 · 2019: 161 · 2018: 159 · 2017: 142 · 2016: 135 · 2015: 136 · 2014: 143 · 2013: 123 · 2012: 113
FWCI: 8.73
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 995 d)
Locations: Neuron (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (Z99 EY999999)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
Keywords: dopaminergic neurons, motivational control, reward, aversive stimuli, alerting, motivational salience, motivational value, value learning, orienting, midbrain dopamine, dopaminergic pathways
MeSH terms: Animals, Arousal, Avoidance Learning, Dopamine, Humans, Mesencephalon, Motivation, Neural Pathways, Neurons, Reward

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Dopamine in motivational control: rewarding, aversive, and alerting

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