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Depression after Stroke and Risk of Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Open accessAbstract
Background.Depression after stroke may have great burden on the likelihood of functional recovery and long-term outcomes.Objective. To estimate the association between depression after stroke and subsequent mortality.Methods. A systematic search of articles using PubMed and Web of Science databases was performed. Odds ratios (ORs) and hazard ratios (HRs) were used as association measures for pooled analyses, based on random-effects models.Results. Thirteen studies, involving 59,598 subjects suffering from stroke (6,052 with and 53,546 without depression), had data suitable for meta-analysis. The pooled OR for mortality at followup in people suffering from depression after stroke was 1.22 (1.02–1.47). Subgroups analyses highlighted that only studies with medium-term followup (2–5 years) showed a statistically significant association between depression and risk of death. Four studies had data suitable for further analysis of pooled HR. The meta-analysis revealed a HR for mortality of 1.52 (1.02–2.26) among people with depression after stroke.Conclusions. Despite some limitations, this paper confirms the potential role of depression on post stroke mortality. The relationship between depression and mortality after stroke seems to be related to the followup duration. Further research is needed to clarify the nature of the association between depression after stroke and mortality.
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“Although these studies focused on incident CVD, considerable evidence also demonstrates that depression increases the risk of recurrent events and mortality in patients with existing CVD. 46,47”
From Psychological Health, Well-Being, and the Mind-Heart-Body Connection: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2021) · cites this paper as [47]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Bartoli, F., Lillia, N., Lax, A., Crocamo, C., Mantero, V., Carrà, G., Agostoni, E., & Clerici, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Milano-Bicocca (IT)
- Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda (IT)
- Azienda Ospedaliera San Gerardo (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Bartoli, Francesco
- ORCID
- Venue
- Stroke Research and Treatment
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2013
- Volume
- 2013
- Pages
- 1-11
- ISSN
- 2042-0056 (ISSN-L)
- 2090-8105
- PMC
- PMC3606772
- OpenAlex
- W2028963855
- Cited by
- 273
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 30 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 4
- FWCI
- 2.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Stroke Research and Treatment (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- BOA (University of Milano-Bicocca) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Health and Mental Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Acute Ischemic Stroke Management
- Keywords
- post-stroke depression, stroke, mortality, follow-up duration, functional recovery, long-term outcomes
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