Cited by 425Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic DiseasesDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and LipoproteinsCardiovascular Disease and Adiposity

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Relevance of Sympathetic Nervous System Activation in Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome

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Thorp, Alicia A., Schlaich, Markus P.·2015·Journal of Diabetes Research

DOI 10.1155/2015/341583PMC PMC4430650

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Abstract

Sympathetic tone is well recognised as being implicit in cardiovascular control. It is less readily acknowledged that activation of the sympathetic nervous system is integral in energy homeostasis and can exert profound metabolic effects. Accumulating data from animal and human studies suggest that central sympathetic overactivity plays a pivotal role in the aetiology and complications of several metabolic conditions that can cluster to form the Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). Given the known augmented risk for type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and premature mortality associated with the MetS understanding the complex pathways underlying the metabolic derangements involved has become a priority. Many factors have been proposed to contribute to increased sympathetic nerve activity in metabolic abnormalities including obesity, impaired baroreflex sensitivity, hyperinsulinemia, and elevated adipokine levels. Furthermore there is mounting evidence to suggest that chronic sympathetic overactivity can potentiate two of the key metabolic alterations of the MetS, central obesity and insulin resistance. This review will discuss the regulatory role of the sympathetic nervous system in metabolic control and the proposed pathophysiology linking sympathetic overactivity to metabolic abnormalities. Pharmacological and device-based approaches that target central sympathetic drive will also be discussed as possible therapeutic options to improve metabolic control in at-risk patient cohorts.

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Authors: Thorp, A. A., & Schlaich, M. P.
Affiliations: Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute (AU)
Corresponding author: Schlaich, Markus P.
ORCID: Schlaich, Markus P.
Venue: Journal of Diabetes Research
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2015
Volume: 2015
Pages: 1-11
ISSN: 2314-6745 (ISSN-L)
2314-6753
DOI: 10.1155/2015/341583
PMC: PMC4430650
OpenAlex: W2066041574
Cited by: 425
References: 101
Citations by year: 2026: 28 · 2025: 42 · 2024: 36 · 2023: 44 · 2022: 40 · 2021: 45 · 2020: 48 · 2019: 40 · 2018: 33 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 32 · 2015: 5
FWCI: 4.38
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ (unspecified)
Locations: Journal of Diabetes Research (publishedVersion, cc-by)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
UWA Profiles and Research Repository (UWA) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders: National Health and Medical Research Council
Victorian Government’s Operational Infrastructure Support Program
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
Keywords: sympathetic nervous system, sympathetic hyperactivity, obesity, metabolic syndrome, energy homeostasis, abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, baroreflex sensitivity, hyperinsulinemia, adipokines, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, sympathetic activity, device therapy
MeSH terms: Animals, Humans, Obesity, Sympathetic Nervous System, Metabolic Syndrome

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Relevance of Sympathetic Nervous System Activation in Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome

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