Cited by 235Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative MechanismsCOVID-19 Clinical Research StudiesInflammation biomarkers and pathways

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COVID-19 and Neutrophils: The Relationship between Hyperinflammation and Neutrophil Extracellular Traps

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Borges, Leandro, Pithon-Curi, Tania Cristina, Curi, Rui, Hatanaka, Elaine·2020·Mediators of Inflammation

DOI 10.1155/2020/8829674PMC PMC7732408

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Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a virus-induced respiratory disease that may progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and is triggered by immunopathological mechanisms that cause excessive inflammation and leukocyte dysfunction. Neutrophils play a critical function in the clearance of bacteria with specific mechanisms to combat viruses. The aim of this review is to highlight the current advances in the pathways of neutrophilic inflammation against viral infection over the past ten years, focusing on the production of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and its impact on severe lung diseases, such as COVID-19. We focused on studies regarding hyperinflammation, cytokine storms, neutrophil function, and viral infections. We discuss how the neutrophil’s role could influence COVID-19 symptoms in the interaction between hyperinflammation (overproduction of NETs and cytokines) and the clearance function of neutrophils to eliminate the viral infection. We also propose a more in-depth investigation into the neutrophil response mechanism targeting NETosis in the different phases of COVID-19.

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Figure 1 The interaction hypothesis between neutrophil and hyperinflammation in COVID-19. After the host-viral interaction, the virus signaling leads to a cascade of interactions between the virus recognition mechanism, neutrophil activation, and inflammatory stimuli. The NETosis process can protect the host during the virus response or exacerbate lung hyperinflammation in COVID-19 patients. The figure is made with BioRender (https://app.biorender.com/). Abbreviations: SARS-CoV-2: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; PAMP: pathogen-associated molecular pattern; DAMP: danger-associated molecular pattern; TNF: tumor necrosis factor; IL-6: interleukin-6; IL-1: interleukin-1; IL-8: interleukin-8; ROS: reactive oxygen species; NE: neutrophil elastase; MPO: myeloperoxidase.CC BY · PubMed Central

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Authors: Borges, L., Pithon-Curi, T. C., Curi, R., & Hatanaka, E.
Affiliations: Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul (BR)
Instituto de Ciências da Atividade Física e Esportes (ICAFE), Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
Instituto Butantan (BR)
Corresponding author: Borges, Leandro
ORCID: Borges, Leandro
Curi, Rui
Hatanaka, Elaine
Venue: Mediators of Inflammation
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2020-12-02
Volume: 2020
Pages: 1-7
ISSN: 0962-9351 (ISSN-L)
1466-1861
DOI: 10.1155/2020/8829674
PMC: PMC7732408
OpenAlex: W3109283769
Cited by: 235
References: 64
Citations by year: 2026: 8 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 36 · 2023: 59 · 2022: 66 · 2021: 49
FWCI: 4.25
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (unspecified)
Locations: Mediators of Inflammation (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders: Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (88882.314890/2013-01)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (88882.314890/2013-01)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (88882.314890/2013-01)
Topics: Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms
Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Inflammation biomarkers and pathways
Keywords: COVID-19 pandemic, neutrophils, neutrophil extracellular traps, NETosis, hyperinflammation, cytokine storm, acute respiratory distress syndrome, neutrophil dysfunction, lung disease
MeSH terms: Host Microbial Interactions, Cytokine Release Syndrome, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Humans, Immunity, Innate, Inflammation, Lung, Neutrophils, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Models, Immunological, Inflammation Mediators, Pandemics, Extracellular Traps

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COVID-19 and Neutrophils: The Relationship between Hyperinflammation and Neutrophil Extracellular Traps

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