Cited by 40Aquaculture Nutrition and GrowthAquaculture disease management and microbiotaAnimal Nutrition and Physiology

Effect of Spirulina Meal Supplementation on Growth Performance and Feed Utilization in Fish and Shrimp: A Meta-Analysis

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Li, Ling, Liu, Haiyan, Zhang, Peiyu·2022·Aquaculture Nutrition

Abstract

The application potential of spirulina meal in aquaculture feeds has been well summarized in several descriptive reviews. Nevertheless, they converged on compiling results from all possible relevant studies. Little available quantitative analysis regarding the pertinent topics has been reported. This quantitative meta-analysis was performed to investigate the influences of dietary spirulina meal (SPM) addition on responsive variables in aquaculture animals, including final body weight (FBW), specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), condition factor (CF), and hepatosomatic index (HSI). The pooled standardized mean difference (Hedges’ g ) and 95% confidence limit were computed to quantify the primary outcomes based on random-effects model. The sensitivity and subgroup analyses were carried out to evaluate the validity of the pooled effect size. The meta-regression analysis was conducted to investigate the optimal inclusion of SPM as a feed supplement and the upper threshold of SPM usage for substituting fishmeal in aquaculture animals. The results indicated that on the whole, dietary SPM addition significantly improved FBW, SGR, and PER; statistically decreased FCR of animals; had no significant influence on CF and HSI. The growth-enhancing effect of SPM inclusion in the form of feed additive was significant; however, the effect was indistinctive in the form of feedstuff. Furthermore, the meta-regression analysis displayed that the optimal levels of SPM as a feed supplement in fish and shrimp diets were 1.46%-2.26% and 1.67%, respectively. Additionally, up to 22.03%-24.53% and 14.95%-24.85% of SPM as fishmeal substitute did not have a negative effect on growth and feed utilization in fish and shrimp, respectively. Therefore, SPM is a promising fishmeal substitute and a growth-promoting feed additive for sustainable aquaculture of fish and shrimp.

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Crossref · 10.1155/2022/8517733

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  • Chlorella sp. and Spirulina (Arthrospira) sp. have the potential to replace fish oil and fish meal in diets, enhancing growth and meat quality, stimulating immunity, and improving the pigmentation in various fish species.

    “Chlorella sp. and Spirulina (Arthrospira) sp. have the potential to replace fish oil and fish meal in diets, enhancing growth and meat quality, stimulating immunity, and improving the pigmentation in various fish species [26,51,52,53,54,55].”

    From Emerging Applications of Chlorella sp. and Spirulina (Arthrospira) sp. (2023) · cites this paper as [54]

    The Introduction describes Spirulina as a fishmeal substitute and discusses studies of its growth, immunoprotective and pigmentation effects; the Discussion reports improved growth on average, while noting variation among studies. The paper does not establish the full claim for Chlorella or show improved meat quality, and its mention of alternatives to fish oil is not evidence that these algae can replace it. The indexed passages have section labels but no page numbers. (LLM, conf=0.87)

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  1. [36]Qu Y. H. Li X. Wang H. L. Effects of partial replacement of fish meal by Spirulina on growth performance, nutrient apparent digestibility coefficients, whole-body composition and serum biochemical indices of Macrobrachium rosenbergii Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition 2021 33 4 2187 2198
  2. [50]Chainapong T. Traichaiyaporn S. Deming R. L. Effect of dietary Spirulina platensis on the fatty acid composition in flesh and ovary of walking catfish (Clarias macrocephalus) Chiang Mai Journal of Science 2018 45 129 135
  3. [55]Erdogan F. Effects ofSpirulina platensisas a feed additive on growth and coloration of blue dolphin cichlids (Cyrtocara mooriiBoulunger, 1902) Aquaculture Research 2019 50 9 2326 2332 10.1111/are.14112 2-s2.0-85066916648 · DOI
  4. [61]Kermani P. Babaei S. Abedian-Kenari A. Hedayati M. Growth performance, plasma parameters and liver antioxidant enzymes activities of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) juvenile fed on Spirulina platensis extract Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences 2020 19 1463 1478
  5. [69]El-Sheekh M. El-Shourbagy I. Shalaby S. Hosny S. Effect of feeding Arthrospira platensis (Spirulina) on growth and carcass composition of hybrid red tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus × Oreochromis mossambicus) Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 2014 14 2 471 478 10.4194/1303-2712-v14_2_18 2-s2.0-84907818219 · DOI
  6. [86]Roohani A. M. Kapoorchali M. F. Kenari A. A. Borani M. S. Zorriezahra M. J. Hematite- biochemical and immune response of Caspian brown trout (Salmo troutta caspius, Kessler, 1877) juveniles fed different levels of spirulina (Spirulina platensis) Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences 2020 19 1153 1174

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Authors
Li, L., Liu, H., & Zhang, P.
Affiliations
Hebei Normal University (CN)
Corresponding author
Zhang, Peiyu
Venue
Aquaculture Nutrition
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2022-11-03
Volume
2022
Pages
1-15
ISSN
  • 1353-5773 (ISSN-L)
  • 1365-2095
OpenAlex
W4308071573
Cited by
40
References
94
Citations by year
2026: 10 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 9
FWCI
0.64
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Aquaculture Nutrition (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
  • Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (C2022205034, QN2022125, HBCT2018170205, HBCT2018180205, L2020B23, 21326703D)
  • Science and Technology Project of Hebei Education Department (C2022205034, QN2022125, HBCT2018170205, HBCT2018180205, L2020B23, 21326703D)
  • Hebei MATRT (C2022205034, QN2022125, HBCT2018170205, HBCT2018180205, L2020B23, 21326703D)
  • Hebei Normal University (C2022205034, QN2022125, HBCT2018170205, HBCT2018180205, L2020B23, 21326703D)
  • S&T Program of Hebei (C2022205034, QN2022125, HBCT2018170205, HBCT2018180205, L2020B23, 21326703D)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Aquatic Science › Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Aquaculture disease management and microbiota
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Nutrition and Physiology
Keywords
aquaculture feed, fishmeal substitution, feed additives, fish growth, shrimp, feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio, specific growth rate, hepatosomatic index, condition factor, sustainable aquaculture

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