Novel mechanism of lapatinib resistance in HER2-positive breast tumor cells: activation of AXL
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Abstract
HER2-directed therapies, such as trastuzumab and lapatinib, are important treatments for breast cancer. However, some tumors do not respond or develop resistance to these agents. We isolated and characterized multiple lapatinib-resistant, HER2-positive, estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer clones derived from lapatinib-sensitive BT474 cells by chronic exposure to lapatinib. We show overexpression of AXL as a novel mechanism of acquired resistance to HER2-targeted agents in these models. GSK1363089 (foretinib), a multikinase inhibitor of AXL, MET, and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor currently in phase II clinical trials, restores lapatinib and trastuzumab sensitivity in these resistant cells that exhibit increased AXL expression. Furthermore, small interfering RNA to AXL, estrogen deprivation, or fulvestrant, an ER antagonist, decreases AXL expression and restores sensitivity to lapatinib in these cells. Taken together, these data provide scientific evidence to assess the expression of AXL in HER2-positive, ER-positive patients who have progressed on either lapatinib or trastuzumab and to test the combination of HER2-targeted agents and GSK1363089 in the clinic.
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Targeting AXL re-sensitized some resistant cancers to the original TKI.
“Targeting AXL was able to re-sensitize some of these resistant cancers to the original TKI.”
From ERBB Receptors: From Oncogene Discovery to Basic Science to Mechanism-Based Cancer Therapeutics (2014) · cites this paper as Liu et al., 2009
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- Authors
- Liu, L., Greger, J., Shi, H., Liu, Y., Greshock, J., Annan, R., Halsey, W., Sathe, G. M., Martin, A.-M., & Gilmer, T. M.
- Affiliations
- 1Translational Research and Departments of
- 3Biomarkers,
- 4Cancer Metabolism DPU, Cancer Research, and
- GlaxoSmithKline (United States) (US)
- Venue
- Cancer Research
- Published
- 2009-08-31
- Volume
- 69
- Issue
- 17
- Pages
- 6871-6878
- ISSN
- 0008-5472 (ISSN-L)
- 1538-7445
- OpenAlex
- W2129110050
- Cited by
- 495
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 30 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 29 · 2017: 43 · 2016: 38 · 2015: 46 · 2014: 45 · 2013: 42 · 2012: 28
- FWCI
- 12.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Cancer Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › HER2/EGFR in Cancer Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Lung Cancer Treatments and Mutations
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Breast Cancer Treatment Studies
- Keywords
- lapatinib resistance, HER2-positive breast cancer, AXL receptor tyrosine kinase, trastuzumab resistance, acquired drug resistance, foretinib, multikinase inhibitor, estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer, BT474 cells, fulvestrant, estrogen deprivation, combination therapy
- MeSH terms
- Trastuzumab, Lapatinib, Axl Receptor Tyrosine Kinase, Anilides, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Antineoplastic Agents, Breast Neoplasms, Clone Cells, Drug Antagonism, Female, Humans, Proto-Oncogene Proteins, Quinazolines, Quinolines, Receptors, Estrogen, Oncogene Proteins, Genes, erbB-2, Drug Resistance, Neoplasm, Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases, RNA, Small Interfering, Cell Line, Tumor, Protein Kinase Inhibitors, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
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