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Cited by 258Smoking Behavior and CessationSubstance Abuse Treatment and OutcomesBehavioral Health and Interventions

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 48 of the 48 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

A Randomized Controlled Trial of Financial Incentives for Smoking Cessation

Volpp, Kevin G., Gurmankin Levy, Andrea, Asch, David A., Berlin, Jesse A., Murphy, John J., Gomez, Angela, Sox, Harold, Zhu, Jingsan, Lerman, Caryn·2006·Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
DOI 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-05-0314
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Abstract

Background: Although 435,000 Americans die each year of tobacco-related illness, only ∼3% of smokers quit each year. Financial incentives have been shown to be effective in modifying behavior within highly structured settings, such as drug treatment programs, but this has not been shown in treating chronic disease in less structured settings. The objective of this study was to determine whether modest financial incentives increase the rate of smoking cessation program enrollment, completion, and quit rates in a outpatient clinical setting. Methods: 179 smokers at the Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center who reported smoking at least 10 cigarettes per day were randomized into incentive and nonincentive groups. Both groups were offered a free five-class smoking cessation program at the Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center. The incentive group was also offered $20 for each class attended and $100 if they quit smoking 30 days post program completion. Self-reported smoking cessation was confirmed with urine cotinine tests. Results: The incentive group had higher rates of program enrollment (43.3% versus 20.2%; P < 0.001) and completion (25.8% versus 12.2%; P = 0.02). Quit rates at 75 days were 16.3% in the incentive group versus 4.6% in the control group (P = 0.01). At 6 months, quit rates in the incentive group were not significantly higher (6.5%) than in the control group (4.6%; P > 0.20). Conclusion: Modest financial incentives are associated with significantly higher rates of smoking cessation program enrollment and completion and short-term quit rates. Future studies should consider including an incentive for longer-term cessation. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2006;15(1):12–8)

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Crossref · 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-05-0314

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Research works printed but not linked: 4

  1. Bartlett J, Miller L, Rice D, Max W. Medical care expenditures attributable to cigarette smoking: United States, 1993. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1994;43:469–72.
  2. Higgins ST. Applying behavioral economics to the challenge of reducing cocaine abuse. In: Chaloupka F, Grossman M, Bickel WK, Saffer H, editors. The economic analysis of substance use and abuse. Chicago: University of Chicago Press; 1999. p. 157–74.
  3. Hawkins L. As GM battles surging costs, workers' health becomes issue. The Wall Street Journal. 2005 April 7; sect. A:1.
  4. Hymowitz N, Cummings KM, Hyland A, Lynn WR, Pechacek TF, Hartwell TD. Predictors of smoking cessation in a cohort of adult smokers followed for five years. Tob Control 1997;6 Suppl 2:S57–62. · DOI · Paper page

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Metadata

Authors
Volpp, K. G., Gurmankin Levy, A., Asch, D. A., Berlin, J. A., Murphy, J. J., Gomez, A., Sox, H., Zhu, J., & Lerman, C.
Affiliations
  • Institute of Health Economics (CA)
  • 9Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; and
  • 6Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics,
  • Philadelphia VA Medical Center (US)
  • 1Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion and
  • 7Annals of Internal Medicine, and
  • University of Pennsylvania (US)
ORCID
Venue
Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
Publisher
American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Published
2006-01-01
Volume
15
Issue
1
Pages
12-18
ISSN
  • 1055-9965 (ISSN-L)
  • 1538-7755
DOI
10.1158/1055-9965.epi-05-0314
OpenAlex
W2100968336
Cited by
257
References
47
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 20
FWCI
6.19
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • ScholarlyCommons (University of Pennsylvania) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
  • National Cancer Institute (P50CA084718, P50-CA84718)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
Keywords
financial incentives, smoking cessation, smoking cessation interventions, program enrollment, program completion, quit rates, veterans, tobacco use, urinary cotinine
MeSH terms
Cotinine, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Health Promotion, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Motivation, Patient Compliance, Reward, Social Class, Smoking Cessation

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