The DOI matches its Crossref record; 48 of the 48 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A Randomized Controlled Trial of Financial Incentives for Smoking Cessation
Abstract
Background: Although 435,000 Americans die each year of tobacco-related illness, only ∼3% of smokers quit each year. Financial incentives have been shown to be effective in modifying behavior within highly structured settings, such as drug treatment programs, but this has not been shown in treating chronic disease in less structured settings. The objective of this study was to determine whether modest financial incentives increase the rate of smoking cessation program enrollment, completion, and quit rates in a outpatient clinical setting. Methods: 179 smokers at the Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center who reported smoking at least 10 cigarettes per day were randomized into incentive and nonincentive groups. Both groups were offered a free five-class smoking cessation program at the Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center. The incentive group was also offered $20 for each class attended and $100 if they quit smoking 30 days post program completion. Self-reported smoking cessation was confirmed with urine cotinine tests. Results: The incentive group had higher rates of program enrollment (43.3% versus 20.2%; P < 0.001) and completion (25.8% versus 12.2%; P = 0.02). Quit rates at 75 days were 16.3% in the incentive group versus 4.6% in the control group (P = 0.01). At 6 months, quit rates in the incentive group were not significantly higher (6.5%) than in the control group (4.6%; P > 0.20). Conclusion: Modest financial incentives are associated with significantly higher rates of smoking cessation program enrollment and completion and short-term quit rates. Future studies should consider including an incentive for longer-term cessation. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2006;15(1):12–8)
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“Generally, incentives led to greater participation and completion rates, successful cessation in smoking cessation programs at 3 months, and greater weight loss ranging from 0.9 to 2.25 kg at 3 months. However, these differences generally did not persist at longer follow-up (eg, 6 months) after completion of the incentive programs.”
From Population Approaches to Improve Diet, Physical Activity, and Smoking Habits: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2012) · cites this paper as [216]
In the citing paper
“These studies demonstrate that financial incentives can improve health behaviors in the short term, especially when financial incentives are larger.216–219”
From Population Approaches to Improve Diet, Physical Activity, and Smoking Habits: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2012) · cites this paper as [216]
Citations
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When and Why Incentives (Don't) Work to Modify Behavior
Uri Gneezy, B., Meier, S., & Rey‐Biel, P. (2011) · The Journal of Economic Perspectives · doi:10.1257/jep.25.4.191 · Cited by 1,797
A Randomized, Controlled Trial of Financial Incentives for Smoking Cessation
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Asymmetric Paternalism to Improve Health Behaviors
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Metadata
- Authors
- Volpp, K. G., Gurmankin Levy, A., Asch, D. A., Berlin, J. A., Murphy, J. J., Gomez, A., Sox, H., Zhu, J., & Lerman, C.
- Affiliations
- Institute of Health Economics (CA)
- 9Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; and
- 6Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics,
- Philadelphia VA Medical Center (US)
- 1Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion and
- 7Annals of Internal Medicine, and
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- Venue
- Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
- Published
- 2006-01-01
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 12-18
- ISSN
- 1055-9965 (ISSN-L)
- 1538-7755
- OpenAlex
- W2100968336
- Cited by
- 257
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 20
- FWCI
- 6.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ScholarlyCommons (University of Pennsylvania) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
- National Cancer Institute (P50CA084718, P50-CA84718)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Keywords
- financial incentives, smoking cessation, smoking cessation interventions, program enrollment, program completion, quit rates, veterans, tobacco use, urinary cotinine
- MeSH terms
- Cotinine, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Health Promotion, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Motivation, Patient Compliance, Reward, Social Class, Smoking Cessation
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