Serum Magnesium Level and Clinical Deterioration in Alzheimer’s Disease
Abstract
Background: Recent studies suggest that magnesium, which specially affects the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor response to excitatory amino acids, may be a supportive therapeutic agent in Alzheimer’s disease. Objective: To investigate the relationship between magnesium levels and the cognitive test results and clinical stages of the patients. Methods: Thirty-seven patients (20 women, 17 men) and 34 controls were included in the study. The patients were staged according to Global Deterioration Scale (GDS) and Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR). Results: There was a significant difference for Mg levels according to GDS (p = 0.030). Similarly, Mg levels were different between patients with low and high CDR stages (p = 0.003). Mg levels were lower in the group whose MMSE scores were <20 than in those whose MMSE scores were ≧20. A negative correlation was found between Mg levels and GDS and CDR (respectively: r = –0.35, p = 0.033; r = –0.360, p = 0.029). Conclusion: Our data suggest that there is a relationship between serum Mg levels and the degree of Alzheimer’s disease and that the determination of the Mg level at various stages may provide valuable information in further understanding the progression and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
AD is associated with deficiencies in magnesium in serum or brain.
“Of note, the presence of magnesium ions in vivo may have protective effects in AD; studies have shown that AD is associated with deficiencies in magnesium (Mg2+) in serum or brain [549, 550].”
From Molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (2020) · cites this paper as [550]
Cites
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Williams, J. B. W., & First, M. B. (2013) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199975839.013.104 · Cited by 109,841 · see citing works
Folstein, M. F., Folstein, S. E., & McHugh, P. R. (1975) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6 · Cited by 88,282 · see citing works
The Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR): Current version and scoring rules
Morris, J. C. (1993) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.43.11.2412-a · Cited by 9,882 · see citing works
The Global Deterioration Scale for assessment of primary degenerative dementia
Reisberg, ., Ferris, S. H., de Leon, M. J., & Crook, T. H. (1982) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.139.9.1136 · Cited by 4,982 · see citing works
Magnesium gates glutamate-activated channels in mouse central neurones
Nowak, L. M., Bregestovski, P. D., Ascher, P., Herbet, A., & Prochiantz, A. (1984) · Nature · doi:10.1038/307462a0 · Cited by 4,033 · see citing works
Esposito, E., Rotilio, D., DIMATTEO, V., Giulio, C. D., Cacchio, M., & Algeri, S. (2002) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/s0197-4580(02)00078-7 · Cited by 327 · see citing works
Magnesium Metabolism: A Review
Ebel, H. F., & Günther, T. (1980) · Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) · doi:10.1515/cclm.1980.18.5.257 · Cited by 292 · see citing works
Danysz, W., Parsons, C. G., Möbius, H. J., Stöffler, A., & Quack, G. (2000) · Neurotoxicity Research · doi:10.1007/bf03033787 · Cited by 262 · see citing works
Jama, J. W., Launer, L. J., Witteman, J. C. M., den Breeijen, J. H., Breteler, M. M. B., Grobbee, D. E., & Hofman, A. (1996) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a008922 · Cited by 252 · see citing works
Glutamatergic systems in Alzheimer's disease
Francis, P. T. (2003) · International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/gps.934 · Cited by 242 · see citing works
Metals and trace elements in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid in normal aging and Alzheimer's disease.
Basun, H., Forssell, L. G., Wetterberg, L., & Winblad, B. G. (1991) · PubMed · Cited by 228 · see citing works
Unsuspected Morbid Hypermagnesemia in Elderly Patients
Clark, B. A., & Brown, R. S. (1992) · American Journal of Nephrology · doi:10.1159/000168469 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Landfield, P. W., & Morgan, G. A. (1984) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(84)91199-5 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Alzheimer's Disease: Role of Aging in Pathogenesis
Harman, D. (2002) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb02109.x · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Glick, J. L. (1990) · Medical Hypotheses · doi:10.1016/0306-9877(90)90095-v · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Disturbances of magnesium concentrations in various brain areas in Alzheimer's disease.
Andrási, E., Igaz, S., Molnár, Z., & Makó, S. (2000) · PubMed · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Hallak, M., Berman, R. F., Irtenkauf, S. M., Janusz, C. A., & Cotton, D. B. (1994) · Journal of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation · doi:10.1177/107155769400100106 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Hallak, M. (1998) · PubMed · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Magnesium depletion and pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease.
Durlach, J. (1990) · PubMed · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Magnesium supplementation in the treatment of dementia patients
Öztürk, Ş., & Çilliler, A. E. (2006) · Medical Hypotheses · doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2006.04.047 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Self-citationLemke, M. R. (1995) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/0006-3223(94)00241-t · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Ladner, C. J., & Lee, J. M. (1999) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1006/exnr.1999.7116 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
HYPOMAGNESAEMIA IN ALCOHOL ENCEPHALOPATHIES
Stendig-Lindberg, G. (1974) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1974.tb09709.x · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Hypermagnesemia. Elderly over-the-counter drug users at risk
Fung, M. C. (1995) · Archives of Family Medicine · doi:10.1001/archfami.4.8.718 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Magnesium and potassium status in elderly subjects with and without dementia of the Alzheimer type.
Borella, P., Giardino, A., Neri, M., & Andermarker, E. (1990) · PubMed · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease
Guo, T., Zhang, D., Zeng, Y., Huang, T. Y., Xu, H., & Zhao, Y. (2020) · Molecular Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/s13024-020-00391-7 · Cited by 994 · see citing works
Dominguez, L. J., Veronese, N., Vernuccio, L., Catanese, G., Inzerillo, F., Salemi, G., & Barbagallo, M. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13114080 · Cited by 433 · see citing works
The Role of Magnesium in Neurological Disorders
Kirkland, A. E., Sarlo, G. L., & Holton, K. F. (2018) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu10060730 · Cited by 382 · see citing works
Bhatti, G. K., Reddy, A. P., Reddy, P. H., & Bhatti, J. S. (2020) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2019.00369 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Magnesium Status in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Systematic Review
Veronese, N., Zurlo, A., Solmi, M., Luchini, C., Trevisan, C., Bano, G., Manzato, E., Sergi, G., & Rylander, R. (2016) · American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias® · doi:10.1177/1533317515602674 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
- Authors
- Çilliler, A. E., Öztürk, Ş., & Özbakır, Ş.
- Affiliations
- Ankara Numune Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi (TR)
- Venue
- Gerontology
- Publisher
- S. Karger AG
- Published
- 2007
- Volume
- 53
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 419-422
- ISSN
- 0304-324X (ISSN-L)
- 1423-0003
- OpenAlex
- W1590546434
- Cited by
- 58
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2024: 4 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 0.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Gerontology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Magnesium in Health and Disease
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Keywords
- serum magnesium, Alzheimer's disease, disease progression, clinical deterioration, Global Deterioration Scale, Clinical Dementia Rating, cognitive impairment, Mini-Mental State Examination, NMDA receptor, biomarkers
- MeSH terms
- Alzheimer Disease, Female, Humans, Magnesium, Male, Case-Control Studies, Disease Progression
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
