Effects of exercise training on cardiovascular function and plasma lipid, lipoprotein, and apolipoprotein concentrations in premenopausal and postmenopausal women.
Open accessAbstract
This study examined the effects of aerobic exercise on lipid levels in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Fifty healthy middle-aged women (mean age, 50 years) were randomly assigned to 12 weeks of either aerobic exercise (walking and jogging) or nonaerobic strength exercise (circuit Nautilus training). Concentrations of total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol were assessed, along with apolipoprotein (apo) A-I, apo A-II, apo B, and triglycerides. To document changes in aerobic capacity, maximum treadmill testing was performed with expired-gas analysis before and after the exercise program. Aerobic exercise was associated with an 18% improvement in peak VO2. Women in the aerobic group had an increased VO2, from 26.7 to 31.4 ml/kg/min (p less than 0.0001), while the VO2 of the women in the strength training group did not change (25.8 ml/kg/min before and after). There were no differential changes in lipid levels because all subjects experienced slight reductions in high density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol and increases in apo A-I and the apo A-I to apo B ratio. There was a tendency for the aerobic group to exhibit lower levels of apo A-II and a greater apo A-I to apo A-II ratio, however. We conclude that premenopausal and postmenopausal women experience similar changes in aerobic capacity and lipid levels with exercise and that the short-term effects of aerobic and nonaerobic exercise on lipid profiles are generally comparable.
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Short-term endurance exercise of up to 12 weeks has been reported to raise HDL cholesterol, though findings are inconsistent.
“Short-term endurance exercise interventions ( 12 weeks), on the contrary, have been shown to increase HDL cholesterol levels (29,30), although results are not consistent (31,32).”
From Alternate day fasting and endurance exercise combine to reduce body weight and favorably alter plasma lipids in obese humans (2013) · cites this paper as [31]
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- Authors
- Blumenthal, J. A., Matthews, K., Fredrikson, M., Rifai, N., Schniebolk, S., German, D., Steege, J., & Rodin, J.
- Affiliations
- Duke Medical Center (US)
- Venue
- Arteriosclerosis and Thrombosis: A Journal of Vascular Biology
- Published
- 1991-07
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 912-917
- ISSN
- 1049-8834 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2142854456
- Cited by
- 76
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 12.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Arteriosclerosis and Thrombosis A Journal of Vascular Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01ag004238-03, 5r01hl030675-06)
- National Institute on Aging (AG 04238)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL 30675)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Keywords
- aerobic exercise, resistance training, menopause, postmenopausal women, premenopausal women, cardiovascular function, cardiorespiratory fitness, VO2max, plasma lipids, lipoproteins, apolipoproteins, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, middle-aged women
- MeSH terms
- Analysis of Variance, Apolipoproteins, Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena, Female, Heart Function Tests, Humans, Lipids, Lipoproteins, Menopause, Middle Aged, Oxygen Consumption, Physical Endurance, Random Allocation, Triglycerides, Exercise
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