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Evidence of Hypoxic Areas Within the Arterial Wall In Vivo
Open accessAbstract
Abstract—The anoxemia theory of atherosclerosis states that an imbalance between the demand and supply of oxygen in the arterial wall is a key factor for the development of atherosclerotic lesions. Direct in vitro and in situ measurements have shown that P o2 is decreased in the more deeply situated parts of the media, but the degree of hypoxia in vivo or the distribution of hypoxia along the arterial tree is not known. For this reason, we have developed a method for the detection of hypoxia in the arterial wall in vivo by using a hypoxia marker, 7-(4′-(2-nitroimidazol-1-yl)-butyl)-theophylline, that may be visualized by immunofluorescence. In the present study, we have used this method in rabbits with experimentally induced atherosclerosis. Our results indicate that zones of hypoxia occur at depth in the atherosclerotic plaque. The mechanism was probably an impaired oxygen diffusion capacity due to the thickness of the lesion, together with high oxygen consumption by the foam cells. Thus, we have for the first time demonstrated that hypoxia actually does exist in the arterial wall in vivo, lending support to the anoxemia theory of atherosclerosis.
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Citations
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Moulton, K. S., Vakili, K., Zurakowski, D., Soliman, M., Butterfield, C., Sylvin, E., Lo, K.-M., Gillies, S., Javaherian, K., & Folkman, J. (2003) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0730843100 · Cited by 652
Imtiyaz, H. Z., Williams, E. P., Hickey, M. M., Patel, S. A., Durham, A. C., Yuan, L.-J., Hammond, R., Gimotty, P. A., Keith, B., & Simon, M. C. (2010) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci39506 · Cited by 461
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Fang, H.-Y., Hughes, R., Murdoch, C., Coffelt, S. B., Biswas, S. K., Harris, A. L., Johnson, R. S., Imityaz, H. Z., Simon, M. C., Fredlund, E., et al. (2009) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2008-12-195941 · Cited by 319
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Burke, B., Giannoudis, A., Corke, K. P., Gill, D., Wells, M., Ziegler-Heitbrock, L., & Lewis, C. E. (2003) · The American Journal of Pathology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9440(10)63483-9 · Cited by 286
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Rudd, J. H. F., Narula, J., Strauss, H. W., Virmani, R., Machac, J., Klimas, M., Tahara, N., Fuster, V., Warburton, E. A., Fayad, Z. A., et al. (2010) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2009.12.061 · Cited by 236
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Kurobe, H., Urata, M., Ueno, M., Ueki, M., Ono, S., Izawa-Ishizawa, Y., Fukuhara, Y., Lei, Y., Ripen, A. M., Kanbara, T., et al. (2010) · Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.109.192666 · Cited by 35
Metadata
- Authors
- Björnheden, T., Levin, M., Evaldsson, M., & Wiklund, O.
- Venue
- Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
- Published
- 1999-04
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 870-876
- ISSN
- 1079-5642 (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4636
- OpenAlex
- W2017574292
- Cited by
- 286
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 1.92
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
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