The DOI matches its Crossref record; 52 of the 52 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
C-Reactive Protein in Healthy Subjects: Associations With Obesity, Insulin Resistance, and Endothelial Dysfunction: A Potential Role for Cytokines Originating From Adipose Tissue?
Open accessAbstract
Abstract —C-reactive protein, a hepatic acute phase protein largely regulated by circulating levels of interleukin-6, predicts coronary heart disease incidence in healthy subjects. We have shown that subcutaneous adipose tissue secretes interleukin-6 in vivo. In this study we have sought associations of levels of C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 with measures of obesity and of chronic infection as their putative determinants. We have also related levels of C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 to markers of the insulin resistance syndrome and of endothelial dysfunction. We performed a cross-sectional study in 107 nondiabetic subjects: (1) Levels of C-reactive protein, and concentrations of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α, were related to all measures of obesity, but titers of antibodies to Helicobacter pylori were only weakly and those of Chlamydia pneumoniae and cytomegalovirus were not significantly correlated with levels of these molecules. Levels of C-reactive protein were significantly related to those of interleukin-6 ( r =0.37, P <0.0005) and tumor necrosis factor-α ( r =0.46, P <0.0001). (2) Concentrations of C-reactive protein were related to insulin resistance as calculated from the homoeostasis model assessment model, blood pressure, HDL, and triglyceride, and to markers of endothelial dysfunction (plasma levels of von Willebrand factor, tissue plasminogen activator, and cellular fibronectin). A mean standard deviation score of levels of acute phase markers correlated closely with a similar score of insulin resistance syndrome variables ( r =0.59, P <0.00005), this relationship being weakened only marginally by removing measures of obesity from the insulin resistance score ( r =0.53, P <0.00005). These data suggest that adipose tissue is an important determinant of a low level, chronic inflammatory state as reflected by levels of interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and C-reactive protein, and that infection with H pylori , C pneumoniae , and cytomegalovirus is not. Moreover, our data support the concept that such a low-level, chronic inflammatory state may induce insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction and thus link the latter phenomena with obesity and cardiovascular disease.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“This is confirmed by studies that describe a close interrelation of slightly elevated serum levels of C-reactive protein (IL-6-dependent) and a key element of the energy re-allocation program, namely insulin resistance [9,10].”
From Interaction of the endocrine system with inflammation: a function of energy and volume regulation (2014) · cites this paper as [10]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Matthews, D. R., Hosker, J. P., Rudenski, A. S., Naylor, B. A., Treacher, D. F., & Turner, R. C. (1985) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/bf00280883 · Cited by 31,502
Role of Insulin Resistance in Human Disease
Reaven, G. M. (1988) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.37.12.1595 · Cited by 12,154
Adipose Expression of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α: Direct Role in Obesity-Linked Insulin Resistance
Hotamisligil, G. S., Shargill, N. S., & Spiegelman, B. M. (1993) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.7678183 · Cited by 7,518
Inflammation, aspirin, and the risk of cardiovascular disease in apparently healthy men
Ridker, P. M., Cushman, M., Stampfer, M. J., Tracy, R. P., & Hennekens, C. H. (1997) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199704033361401 · Cited by 5,504
Hotamisligil, G. S., Arner, P., Caro, J. F., Atkinson, R. L., & Spiegelman, B. M. (1995) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci117936 · Cited by 3,543
Interleukin-6 and the acute phase response
Heinrich, P. C., Castell, J. V., & Andus, T. (1990) · Biochemical Journal · doi:10.1042/bj2650621 · Cited by 2,734
Hotamisligil, G. S., Peraldi, P., Budavari, A., Ellis, R., White, M. F., & Spiegelman, B. M. (1996) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.271.5249.665 · Cited by 2,630
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Releases Interleukin-6, But Not Tumor Necrosis Factor-α,in Vivo1
Mohamed‐Ali, V., Goodrick, S., Rawesh, A., Katz, D. R., Miles, J. M., Yudkin, J. S., Klein, S., & Coppack, S. W. (1997) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.82.12.4450 · Cited by 2,032
Self-citationVan Snick, J. (1990) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev.iy.08.040190.001345 · Cited by 1,890
Thompson, S. G., Kienast, J., Pyke, S., Haverkate, F., & van de Loo, J. C. W. (1995) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199503093321003 · Cited by 1,819
Research works printed but not linked: 12
- 1988, Lab Invest, 58, 249
- 10.1161/circ.94.5.874 · DOI
- 1997, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 82, 4196
- 1995, J Clin Endocrinol, 9, 61
- 10.1161/circ.94.5.922 · DOI
- 10.1161/atvb.15.9.1330 · DOI
- 10.1161/atvb.16.3.450 · DOI
- 1989, J Lab Clin Med, 113, 586
- 10.1161/atvb.17.10.2167 · DOI
- 1982, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 82, 912
- 1992, Cancer Res, 52, 4113
- 10.1161/atvb.15.1.52 · DOI
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Inflammation and Atherosclerosis
Libby, P., Ridker, P. M., & Maseri, A. (2002) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/hc0902.104353 · Cited by 7,724
Mendelian randomization: Using genes as instruments for making causal inferences in epidemiology
Lawlor, D. A., Harbord, R. M., Sterne, J. A. C., Timpson, N., & Davey Smith, G. (2008) · Statistics in Medicine · doi:10.1002/sim.3034 · Cited by 4,618
C-Reactive Protein, Interleukin 6, and Risk of Developing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Pradhan, A. D. (2001) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.286.3.327 · Cited by 4,433
Abdominal obesity and metabolic syndrome
Després, J.-P., & Lemieux, I. (2006) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature05488 · Cited by 4,354
C-reactive protein: a critical update
Pepys, M. B., & Hirschfield, G. M. (2003) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci18921 · Cited by 4,694
Metadata
- Authors
- Yudkin, J. S., Stehouwer, C. D. A., Emeis, J. J., & Coppack, S. W.
- Affiliations
- Whittington Hospital (GB)
- Venue
- Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
- Published
- 1999-04
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 972-978
- ISSN
- 1079-5642 (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4636
- OpenAlex
- W2119316150
- Cited by
- 2,465
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 19 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 45 · 2022: 50 · 2021: 61 · 2020: 44 · 2019: 57 · 2018: 57 · 2017: 67 · 2016: 80 · 2015: 100 · 2014: 111 · 2013: 116 · 2012: 117
- FWCI
- 54.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- TNO Repository (submittedVersion)
- Repository hosted by TU Delft Library (TU Delft) (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust
- British Heart Foundation
- Diabetes Fonds
- Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Keywords
- C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, TNF-α, obesity, insulin resistance, endothelial dysfunction, adipose tissue, chronic inflammation, Helicobacter pylori, Chlamydia pneumoniae, cytomegalovirus, acute phase proteins, cardiovascular risk
- MeSH terms
- Adipose Tissue, Adult, Aged, C-Reactive Protein, Endothelium, Vascular, Female, Follow-Up Studies, United Kingdom, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Random Allocation, Cytokines
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
