Absence of 12/15-Lipoxygenase Expression Decreases Lipid Peroxidation and Atherogenesis in Apolipoprotein E–Deficient Mice

Abstract

Background —The enzyme 12/15-lipoxygenase (12/15-LO) has been implicated in the oxidative modification of LDL. In a murine model, we tested the hypothesis that deletion of 12/15-LO decreases atherogenesis by reducing oxidant stress, as measured by 2 indices of lipid peroxidation: isoprostane generation and autoantibody formation to malondialdehyde (MDA)-LDL, an epitope of LDL formed as a result of oxidative modification. Methods and Results —12/15-LO–deficient (12/15-LO −/− ) mice were crossed with apolipoprotein E–deficient (apoE −/− ) mice. At 10 weeks of age, atherosclerotic lesion initiation was significantly delayed in the double-knockout mice. The rate of lesion progression was diminished at 8 and 12 months, and even at 15 months, lesion size was reduced 50% ( P <0.0005) compared with control apoE −/− mice. The urinary and plasma levels of the specific isoprostane 8,12-iso-iPF 2α -VI, as well as IgG autoantibodies against MDA-LDL, were significantly reduced in the double-deficient mice in parallel with decreased atherosclerosis at all time points from 10 weeks to 15 months of age compared with apoE −/− controls. Conclusions —Enzymatic action of 12/15-LO contributes significantly to atherosclerotic lesion initiation and propagation in this murine model. Strong positive correlations exist between lesion size, isoprostane levels, and MDA-LDL autoantibodies, providing in vivo evidence for an enzymatic (12/15-LO) component to lipid peroxidation and atherogenesis.