Unfavorable effect of smoking on the elastic properties of the human aorta
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Smoking is a major risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Because previous studies have shown that smoking affects vasomotor response, we hypothesized that smoking may also acutely alter aortic elastic properties. METHODS AND RESULTS: We studied 40 male current and long-term smokers who underwent diagnostic cardiac catheterization for chest-pain evaluation. Twenty subjects (age, 48 +/- 2 years, mean +/- SEM) were randomly assigned to smoking and 20 (age, 47 +/- 2 years) to sham smoking studies. Aortic elastic properties were studied with the determination of the aortic pressure-diameter relation before smoking, every minute for the first 5 minutes after the initiation of smoking or sham smoking, and every 5 minutes for the following 15 minutes. Instantaneous diameter of the thoracic aorta was measured with a special ultrasonic dimension catheter developed in our laboratory and previously validated. Instantaneous aortic pressure was measured at the same site as was diameter with a Millar micromanometer. Smoking was associated with significant changes in the aortic pressure-diameter relation that denote deterioration of the elastic properties and were maintained during the whole study period: the slope of the pressure-diameter loop became steeper (baseline, 35.43 +/- 1.38; minute 1, 45.26 +/- 1.65; peak at minute 10, 46.36 +/- 1.69 mm Hg/mm; P < .001) and aortic distensibility decreased (baseline, 2.08 +/- 0.12; minute 1, 1.60 +/- 0.08; nadir at minute 5, 1.54 +/- 0.07 x 10(-6) cm2.dyne-1; P < .001). In contrast, no changes in aortic elasticity indexes were observed with sham smoking. CONCLUSIONS: Smoking is associated with an acute deterioration of aortic elastic properties. This effect of smoking may contribute to the unfavorable consequences of smoking on the cardiovascular system.
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Smoking has a direct, pressure-independent effect on the aortic wall.
“However, using appropriate high-fidelity methodology we have shown previously that smoking has a direct, pressure-independent effect on the aortic wall (13,14).”
From Smoking and caffeine have a synergistic detrimental effect on aortic stiffness and wave reflections (2004) · cites this paper as [13]
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- Authors
- Stefanadis, C., Tsiamis, E., Vlachopoulos, C., Stratos, C., Toutouzas, K., Pitsavos, C., Marakas, S., Boudoulas, H., & Toutouzas, P.
- Affiliations
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (GR)
- Venue
- Circulation
- Published
- 1997-01-07
- Volume
- 95
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 31-38
- ISSN
- 0009-7322 (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4539
- OpenAlex
- W2054419298
- Cited by
- 177
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 5.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Circulation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Elasticity and Material Modeling
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Keywords
- smoking, aortic elasticity, aortic distensibility, thoracic aorta, cardiovascular risk
- MeSH terms
- Aorta, Thoracic, Blood Pressure, Elasticity, Heart Rate, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Nicotine, Smoking
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