Cited by 263Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular HealthLipid metabolism and disordersCholesterol and Lipid Metabolism

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 53 of the 54 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Evidence for a New Pathophysiological Mechanism for Coronary Artery Disease Regression: Hepatic Lipase–Mediated Changes in LDL Density

Open access

Zambon, Alberto, Hokanson, John E., Brown, B. Greg, Brunzell, John D.·1999·Circulation

DOI 10.1161/01.cir.99.15.1959

Open this paper in CoChat — free account Open PDF

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Small, dense LDL particles are associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) and predict angiographic changes in response to lipid-lowering therapy. Intensive lipid-lowering therapy in the Familial Atherosclerosis Treatment Study (FATS) resulted in significant improvement in CAD. This study examines the relationship among LDL density, hepatic lipase (HL), and CAD progression, identifying a new biological mechanism for the favorable effects of lipid-altering therapy. METHODS AND RESULTS: Eighty-eight of the subjects in FATS with documented coronary disease, apolipoprotein B levels >/=125 mg/dL, and family history of CAD were selected for this study. They were randomly assigned to receive lovastatin (40 mg/d) and colestipol (30 g/d), niacin (4 g/d) and colestipol, or conventional therapy with placebo alone or with colestipol in those with elevated LDL cholesterol levels. Plasma hepatic lipase (HL), lipoprotein lipase, and LDL density were measured when subjects were and were not receiving lipid-lowering therapy. LDL buoyancy increased with lovastatin-colestipol therapy (7.7%; P<0.01) and niacin-colestipol therapy (10.3%; P<0.01), whereas HL decreased in both groups (-14% [P<0.01] and -17% [P<0.01] with lovastatin-colestipol and niacin-colestipol, respectively). Changes in LDL buoyancy and HL activity were associated with changes in disease severity (P<0.001). In a multivariate analysis, an increase in LDL buoyancy was most strongly associated with CAD regression, accounting for 37% of the variance of change in coronary stenosis (P<0.01), followed by reduction in apolipoprotein Bl (5% of variance; P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These studies support the hypothesis that therapy-associated changes in HL alter LDL density, which favorably influences CAD progression. This is a new and potentially clinically relevant mechanism linking lipid-altering therapy to CAD improvement.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1161/01.cir.99.15.1959

Cites

53 of 53 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Randomised trial of cholesterol lowering in 4444 patients with coronary heart disease: the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S)
OLSSON, A. G., McMurray, J. J. V., Thorgeirsson, G., Spaulding, C. M., Slattery, J., Pyörälà, K., Færgeman, O., Wright, R. S., Berg, K. M., Wilhelmsen, L., et al. (1994) · The Lancet · Cited by 8,467
Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease with Pravastatin in Men with Hypercholesterolemia
Shepherd, J., Cobbe, S. M., Ford, I., Isles, C. G., Lorimer, A. R., Macfarlane, P. W., McKillop, J. H., & Packard, C. J. (1995) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199511163332001 · Cited by 7,449
The Effect of Pravastatin on Coronary Events after Myocardial Infarction in Patients with Average Cholesterol Levels
Sacks, F. M., Pfeffer, M. A., Moye, L. A., Rouleau, J. L., Rutherford, J. D., Cole, T. G., Brown, L., Warnica, J. W., Arnold, J. M. O., Wun, C.-C., et al. (1996) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199610033351401 · Cited by 7,439
PREVENTION OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE WITH PRAVASTATIN IN MEN WITH HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA
Hepherd, J. A. S., Obbe, S. T. M. C., Ord, I. A. F., Sles, C. H. G. I., Orimer, A. R. O. L., Acfarlane, P. E. W. M., Illop, J. A. H. M. C. K., Ackard, C. H. J. P., & Roup, S. T. G. (1995) · Cited by 3,453
Regression of coronary artery disease as a result of intensive lipid-lowering therapy in men with high levels of apolipoprotein B
Brown, G., Albers, J. J., Fisher, L. D., Schaefer, S. M., Lin, J.-T., Kaplan, C., Zhao, X.-Q., Bisson, B. D., Fitzpatrick, V. F., & Dodge, H. T. (1990) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199011083231901 · Cited by 2,159
Low-Density Lipoprotein Subclass Patterns and Risk of Myocardial Infarction
Austin, M. A. (1988) · JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association · doi:10.1001/jama.1988.03410130125037 · Cited by 1,780
Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase as predictors of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus before clinical onset of disease
Tuomilehto, J., Vidgrén, G., Toivanen, L., Tuomilehto‐Wolf, E., Kohtamäki, K., Stengård, J., Zimmet, P., Mackay, I. R., Rowley, M. J., & Koskela, P. U. (1994) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(94)92521-6 · Cited by 1,691
Atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype. A proposed genetic marker for coronary heart disease risk
Austin, M. A., King, M. C., Vranizan, K. M., & Krauss, R. M. (1990) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.82.2.495 · Cited by 1,411
The Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial Results
(1984) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1984.03340270043026 · Cited by 1,404
SERUM CHOLESTEROL, BLOOD PRESSURE, AND MORTALITY: IMPLICATIONS FROM A COHORT OF 361 662 MEN
Martin, M., Browner, W. S., Hulley, S. B., Kuller, L., & Wentworth, D. N. (1986) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(86)90597-0 · Cited by 1,117

Show all 54 references

Research works printed but not linked: 20

10.1161/circ.94.10.2351 · DOI
10.1161/atv91.12.2.1543692 · DOI
10.1161/circ.95.1.69 · DOI
10.1161/circ.82.2.2372896 · DOI
10.1161/atvb.16.5.697 · DOI
10.1161/atv91.13.2.8427851 · DOI
10.1161/atv91.14.6.8199180 · DOI
10.1161/atvb.15.11.1839 · DOI
10.1161/atvb.16.8.1040 · DOI
Armitage P. Statistical Methods in Medical Research. Oxford UK: Blackwell Scientific Publications; 1971:314.
10.1161/circ.82.2.2372896 · DOI
10.1161/circ.95.1.1 · DOI
10.1161/atv91.11.2.1998647 · DOI
10.1161/circ.97.15.1440 · DOI
10.1161/circ.97.15.1446 · DOI
Kinnunen PHJ, Virtanen JA, Vainio P. Lipoprotein lipase and hepatic endothelial lipase: their roles in plasma lipoprotein metabolism. Atheroscler Rev. 1983;11:65–105.
10.1161/atvb.17.11.2837 · DOI
10.1161/atvb.18.11.1723 · DOI
Brunzell JD Deeb SS. Lipoprotein lipase apo CII and hepatic lipase deficiency. In: Scriver CR Beudet AL Sly WS Valle D Vogelstein B Childs B eds. The Metabolic and Molecular Basis of Inherited Disease. 8th ed. New York NY: McGraw-Hill. In press.
10.1161/circ.87.4.8484829 · DOI

Sorted by citations

The metabolic syndrome
Eckel, R. H., Alberti, K., Grundy, S. M., & Zimmet, P. (2010) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(09)61794-3 · Cited by 6,317
The metabolic syndrome
Eckel, R. H., Grundy, S. M., & Zimmet, P. (2005) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(05)66378-7 · Cited by 5,755
Simvastatin and niacin, antioxidant vitamins, or the combination for the prevention of coronary disease
Brown, B. G., Zhao, X.-Q., Chait, A., Fisher, L. D., Cheung, M. C., Morse, J. S., Dowdy, A. A., Marino, E. K., Bolson, E. L., Alaupovic, P., et al. (2001) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa011090 · Cited by 1,979
Self-citation
American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and American College of Endocrinology Comprehensive Clinical Practice Guidelines For Medical Care of Patients with Obesity
Garvey, W. T., Mechanick, J. I., Brett, E. M., Garber, A. J., Hurley, D. L., Jastreboff, A. M., Nadolsky, K., Pessah-Pollack, R., & Plodkowski, R. (2016) · Endocrine Practice · doi:10.4158/ep161365.gl · Cited by 1,914
The Metabolic Syndrome
Grundy, S. M. (2010) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-5839-6_1 · Cited by 1,227
Metabolic origins and clinical significance of LDL heterogeneity
Berneis, K. K., & Krauss, R. M. (2002) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1194/jlr.r200004-jlr200 · Cited by 896
Evaluation and Treatment of Hypertriglyceridemia: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline
Berglund, L., Brunzell, J. D., Goldberg, A. C., Goldberg, I. J., Sacks, F., Murad, M. H., & Stalenhoef, A. F. H. (2012) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2011-3213 · Cited by 887
“Hepatic lipase and cholesterol ester transfer protein contribute to the remodeling processes; whether hepatic lipase or cholesterol ester transfer protein has the predominant effect on the size and density of LDL and HDL particles depends on the triglyceride content of very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) (27, 28).”
Self-citation
Lipids and Lipoproteins in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Krauss, R. M. (2004) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.27.6.1496 · Cited by 764
Lipoprotein Management in Patients With Cardiometabolic Risk
Brunzell, J. D., Davidson, M. H., Furberg, C. D., Goldberg, R. B., Howard, B. V., Stein, J. H., & Witztum, J. L. (2008) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc08-9018 · Cited by 716
“Bile-acid resins in combination with a statin or nicotinic acid with a statin selectively decrease small dense LDL particles (59).”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Lipoprotein Management in Patients With Cardiometabolic Risk
Brunzell, J. D., Davidson, M. H., Furberg, C. D., Goldberg, R. B., Howard, B. V., Stein, J. H., & Witztum, J. L. (2008) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2008.02.034 · Cited by 526
Self-citation
Abdominal obesity and dyslipidemia in the metabolic syndrome: importance of type 2 diabetes and familial combined hyperlipidemia in coronary artery disease risk.
Carr, M. C., & Brunzell, J. D. (2004) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2004-0432 · Cited by 493
Self-citation
Apo B versus cholesterol in estimating cardiovascular risk and in guiding therapy: report of the thirty‐person/ten‐country panel
Barter, P. J., Ballantyne, C. M., Carmena, R., Cabezas, M. C., Chapman, M. J., Couture, P., Graaf, J. D., Durrington, P. N., Færgeman, O., Frohlich, J., et al. (2006) · Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2796.2006.01616.x · Cited by 465
Mechanism of action of niacin
Kamanna, V. S., & Kashyap, M. L. (2008) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2008.02.029 · Cited by 453
Effect of ritonavir on lipids and post-heparin lipase activities in normal subjects
Purnell, J. Q., Zambon, A., Knopp, R. H., Pizzuti, D. J., Achari, R., Leonard, J. M., Locke, C. S., & Brunzell, J. D. (2000) · AIDS · doi:10.1097/00002030-200001070-00006 · Cited by 384
“An increase in LDL particle buoyancy is associated with the regression of coronary artery disease after aggressive lipid-lowering therapy [24].”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Pathogenesis of atherosclerosis: A multifactorial process.
Singh, R. B., Mengi, S. A., Xu, Y., Arneja, A. S., & Dhalla, N. S. (2002) · PubMed Central · Cited by 382
Beyond Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol
Arsenault, B. J., Rana, J. S., Stroes, E. S. G., Després, J.-P., Shah, P. K., Kastelein, J. J. P., Wareham, N. J., Boekholdt, S. M., & Khaw, K.-T. (2009) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2009.07.057 · Cited by 342
Hypertriglyceridemic HyperapoB: The Unappreciated Atherogenic Dyslipoproteinemia in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Sniderman, A. D., Scantlebury, T., & Cianflone, K. (2001) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-135-6-200109180-00014 · Cited by 331
C-Reactive Protein and Other Emerging Blood Biomarkers to Optimize Risk Stratification of Vulnerable Patients
Tsimikas, S., Willerson, J. T., & Ridker, P. M. (2006) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2005.10.066 · Cited by 332
Apolipoprotein B and Cardiovascular Disease Risk: Position Statement from the AACC Lipoproteins and Vascular Diseases Division Working Group on Best Practices
Contois, J. H., McConnell, J. P., Sethi, A. A., Csako, G., Devaraj, S., Hoefner, D. M., & Warnick, G. R. (2009) · Clinical Chemistry · doi:10.1373/clinchem.2008.118356 · Cited by 326
Clinical Utility of Bile Acid Sequestrants in the Treatment of Dyslipidemia: A Scientific Review
Insull, W. (2006) · Southern Medical Journal · doi:10.1097/01.smj.0000208120.73327.db · Cited by 308
“Small, dense LDL particles are emerging as a risk factor for CAD,(63) and colestipol has been shown to reduce LDL particle size, creating more atherogenic particles.(64) Therefore, the effect of colesevelam HCl on LDL particle size was examined.”
Background
Risk factors for coronary heart disease: implications of gender
van Lennep, J. R. (2002) · Cardiovascular Research · doi:10.1016/s0008-6363(01)00388-1 · Cited by 302
Relations of lipoprotein subclass levels and low-density lipoprotein size to progression of coronary artery disease in the pravastatin limitation of atherosclerosis in the coronary arteries (PLAC-I) trial
Rosenson, R. S., Otvos, J. D., & Freedman, D. S. (2002) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9149(02)02427-x · Cited by 293
The atherogenic lipoprotein profile associated with obesity and insulin resistance is largely attributable to intra-abdominal fat.
Nieves, D. J., Cnop, M., Retzlaff, B., Walden, C. E., Brunzell, J. D., Knopp, R. H., & Kahn, S. E. (2003) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.52.1.172 · Cited by 281
“Both increased IAF and insulin resistance have been associated with increased hepatic lipase activity (33,59,60), leading to small dense LDL and decreased HDL2 cholesterol levels (61–64); maneuvers to decrease hepatic lipase correct this dyslipidemia (53,65).”
BackgroundSelf-citation
The metabolic pathways of high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides: a current review
Kwiterovich, P. O. (2000) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9149(00)01461-2 · Cited by 270
Relationships Between Low-Density Lipoprotein Particle Size, Plasma Lipoproteins, and Progression of Coronary Artery Disease
Vakkilainen, J., Steiner, G. A., Ansquer, J.-C., Aubin, F., Rattier, S., Foucher, C., Hamsten, A., & Taskinen, M. (2003) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000057982.50167.6e · Cited by 270
Low-density lipoprotein size and cardiovascular risk assessment
Rizzo, M., & Berneis, K. K. (2005) · QJM · doi:10.1093/qjmed/hci154 · Cited by 259
“These studies included the Stanford Coronary Risk Intervention Project, the Familial Atherosclerosis Treatment Study (FATS), the St Thomas’ Atherosclerosis Regression Study (STARS) and the Pravastatin Limitation of Atherosclerosis in the Coronary Arteries (PLAC-I) trial.(34,48,55,185) In all of these studies, therapeu…”
Statins in atherosclerosis: lipid-lowering agents with antioxidant capabilities
Rosenson, R. S. (2003) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/s0021-9150(03)00239-9 · Cited by 264
Raising high-density lipoprotein cholesterol with reduction of cardiovascular risk: the role of nicotinic acid – a position paper developed by the European Consensus Panel on HDL-C*
Chapman, M. J., Assmann, G., Fruchart, J., Shepherd, J., & Sirtori, C. R. (2004) · Current Medical Research and Opinion · doi:10.1185/030079904125004402 · Cited by 257
Low-Density Lipoprotein Size and Cardiovascular Disease: A Reappraisal
Sacks, F. M., & Campos, H. (2003) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2003-030636 · Cited by 241
Effects of rosiglitazone alone and in combination with atorvastatin on the metabolic abnormalities in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Freed, M. I., Ratner, R. E., Marcovina, S. M., Kreider, M. S., Biswas, N., Cohen, B. R., & Brunzell, J. D. (2002) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9149(02)02659-0 · Cited by 238
Self-citation
High-Density Lipoprotein and Coronary Heart Disease
Natarajan, P., Ray, K. K., & Cannon, C. P. (2010) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2010.01.008 · Cited by 231
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and serum lipoproteins: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
DeFilippis, A. P., Blaha, M. J., Martin, S. S., Reed, R. M., Jones, S. R., Nasir, K., Blumenthal, R. S., & Budoff, M. J. (2013) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2013.01.022 · Cited by 223
New Perspectives on the Use of Niacin in the Treatment of Lipid Disorders
McKenney, J. M. (2004) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.164.7.697 · Cited by 217
“In the Familial AtherosclerosisTreatmentStudy(FATS), change in the size and buoyancy of LDL particles was the single most important factor associated with regression of coronary stenosis.(23)”
Background
Clinical relevance of the biochemical, metabolic, and genetic factors that influence low-density lipoprotein heterogeneity
Kwiterovich, P. O. (2002) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9149(02)02749-2 · Cited by 208
Apolipoproteins: metabolic role and clinical biochemistry applications
Dominiczak, M. H., & Caslake, M. J. (2011) · Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine · doi:10.1258/acb.2011.011111 · Cited by 238
Hepatic lipase and dyslipidemia: interactions among genetic variants, obesity, gender and diet.
Deeb, S. S., Zambon, A., Carr, M. C., Ayyobi, A. F., & Brunzell, J. D. (2003) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1194/jlr.r200017-jlr200 · Cited by 193
Self-citation
“European Panel on Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Subclasses”: A Statement on the Pathophysiology, Atherogenicity and Clinical Significance of LDL Subclasses
Mikhailidis, D. P., Elisaf, M., Rizzo, M., Berneis, K. K., Griffin, B. A., Zambon, A., Athyros, V. G., Graaf, J. D., März, W., Parhofer, K. G., et al. (2011) · Current Vascular Pharmacology · doi:10.2174/157016111796642661 · Cited by 199
Self-citation
Low-density lipoprotein particle number and risk for cardiovascular disease
Cromwell, W. C., & Otvos, J. D. (2004) · Current Atherosclerosis Reports · doi:10.1007/s11883-004-0050-5 · Cited by 198
“In three of six clinical intervention trials reviewed [ 38 ,40,41], on-trial LDL size achieved by lifestyle, statin, or fibrate therapy was predictive of CHD risk.”
Background
Regulation of reverse cholesterol transport and clinical implications
Rader, D. J. (2003) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9149(03)00615-5 · Cited by 191
Niacin and cholesterol: role in cardiovascular disease (review)
Ganji, S. H., Kamanna, V. S., & Kashyap, M. L. (2003) · The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/s0955-2863(02)00284-x · Cited by 190
Fibrates in 2003: therapeutic action in atherogenic dyslipidaemia and future perspectives
Chapman, M. J. (2003) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/s0021-9150(03)00156-4 · Cited by 181
Visceral obesity and the heart
Mathieu, P., Pîbarot, P., Larose, É., Poirier, P., Marette, A., & Després, J. (2008) · The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology · doi:10.1016/j.biocel.2007.12.001 · Cited by 173
Dyslipidemia in the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Brunzell, J. D., & Ayyobi, A. F. (2003) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2003.08.011 · Cited by 155
Self-citation
Apolipoprotein Concentrations During Treatment and Recurrent Coronary Artery Disease Events
van Lennep, J. E. R., Westerveld, H. T., van Lennep, H. W. O. R., Zwinderman, A. H., Erkelens, D. W., & van der Wall, E. E. (2000) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/01.atv.20.11.2408 · Cited by 152
Mechanism of action of niacin on lipoprotein metabolism
Kamanna, V. S., & Kashyap, M. L. (2000) · Current Atherosclerosis Reports · doi:10.1007/s11883-000-0093-1 · Cited by 151
Gender differences in lipoprotein metabolism and dietary response: Basis in hormonal differences and implications for cardiovascular disease
Knopp, R. H., Paramsothy, P., Retzlaff, B. M., Fish, B., Walden, C., Dowdy, A., Tsunehara, C., Aikawa, K., & Cheung, M. C. (2005) · Current Atherosclerosis Reports · doi:10.1007/s11883-005-0065-6 · Cited by 148
“Hepatic lipase activity is a key determinant of coronary artery disease progression during drug treatment and highly inversely correlated with HDL as well as LDL buoyancy [ 14 ].”
Background
Beyond Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol
Mudd, J. O., Borlaug, B. A., Johnston, P. V., Kral, B. G., Rouf, R., Blumenthal, R. S., & Kwiterovich, P. O. (2007) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2007.07.045 · Cited by 136
Hepatic lipase
Jansen, H., Verhoeven, A. J. M., & Sijbrands, E. J. G. (2002) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1194/jlr.r200008-jlr200 · Cited by 133
“Zambon and coworkers (19) showed in hypertriglyceridemic males with”
Background
Hepatic lipase mutations,elevated high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and increased risk of ischemic heart disease
Andersen, R. V., Wittrup, H. H., Tybjærg‐Hansen, A., Steffensen, R., Schnohr, P., & Nordestgaard, B. G. (2003) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0735-1097(03)00407-8 · Cited by 127
“(21) demonstrated that a decrease in hepatic lipase activity is associated with regression of coronary artery disease.”
Background
Niacin, but Not Gemfibrozil, Selectively Increases LP-AI, a Cardioprotective Subfraction of HDL, in Patients With Low HDL Cholesterol
Sakai, T., Kamanna, V. S., & Kashyap, M. L. (2001) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/hq1001.096624 · Cited by 122
Smallest LDL Particles Are Most Strongly Related to Coronary Disease Progression in Men
Holl, L. G., Krauss, R. M., Williams, P. T., Superko, H. R., Haskell, W. L., Alderman, E. L., Patricia, J., & Blanche, P. J. (2015) · Cited by 122
Significance of small dense low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol concentrations in relation to the severity of coronary heart diseases
Koba, S., Hirano, T., Ito, Y., Tsunoda, F., Yokota, Y., Ban, Y., Iso, Y., Suzuki, H., & Katagiri, T. (2006) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2005.12.002 · Cited by 121
The Contribution of Intraabdominal Fat to Gender Differences in Hepatic Lipase Activity and Low/High Density Lipoprotein Heterogeneity1
Carr, M. C., Hokanson, J. E., Zambon, A., Deeb, S. S., Barrett, P. H. R., Purnell, J. Q., & Brunzell, J. D. (2001) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.86.6.7586 · Cited by 120
“lowering (53), whereas those with large, buoyant LDL at”
BackgroundSelf-citation
High-density lipoproteins and atherosclerosis
Rader, D. J. (2002) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9149(02)02635-8 · Cited by 116
Gender and racial differences in lipoprotein subclass distributions: the STRRIDE study
Johnson, J. L., Slentz, C. A., Duscha, B. D., Samsa, G. P., McCartney, J. S., Houmard, J. A., & Kraus, W. E. (2004) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2004.05.018 · Cited by 114
Common Hepatic Lipase Gene Promoter Variant Determines Clinical Response to Intensive Lipid-Lowering Treatment
Zambon, A., Deeb, S. S., Brown, B. G., Hokanson, J. E., & Brunzell, J. D. (2001) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.103.6.792 · Cited by 114
Self-citation
Exercise as a Polypill for Chronic Diseases
Pareja-Galeano, H., Garatachea, N., & Lucía, A. (2015) · Progress in molecular biology and translational science · doi:10.1016/bs.pmbts.2015.07.019 · Cited by 117
Effects of extended-release niacin on lipoprotein subclass distribution
Morgan, J. M., Capuzzi, D. M., Baksh, R. I., INTENZO, C. M., Carey, C. M., Reese, D., & Walker, K. (2003) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9149(03)00394-1 · Cited by 111
Metabolic abnormalities: triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein
Krauss, R. M., & Siri, P. W. (2004) · Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2004.03.016 · Cited by 102
“More recently, in the Familial Atherosclerosis Treatment Study of cholestyramine with or without statin or niacin therapy, increased LDL flotation rate (an index of increased size and reduced density) was the best predictor of reduced coronary artery stenosis [51] independent of other lipid and nonlipid risk factors.”
Background
Hepatic lipase: a marker for cardiovascular disease risk and response to therapy
Zambon, A., Deeb, S. S., Pauletto, P., Crepaldi, G., & Brunzell, J. D. (2003) · Current Opinion in Lipidology · doi:10.1097/00041433-200304000-00010 · Cited by 103
Self-citation
Changes in LDL Density across the Menopausal Transition
Carr, M. C., Kim, K. H., Zambon, A., Mitchell, E. S., Woods, N. F., Casazza, C. P., Purnell, J. Q., Hokanson, J. E., Brunzell, J. D., & Schwartz, R. S. (2000) · Journal of Investigative Medicine · doi:10.1177/108155890004800405 · Cited by 100
Self-citation
D IETARY AND G ENETIC E FFECTS ON L OW -D ENSITY L IPOPROTEIN H ETEROGENEITY
Krauss, R. M. (2001) · Annual Review of Nutrition · doi:10.1146/annurev.nutr.21.1.283 · Cited by 99
Effects of pravastatin on lipoproteins and endothelial function in patients receiving human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors
Stein, J. H., Merwood, M. A., Bellehumeur, J. L., Aeschlimann, S. E., Korcarz, C. E., Underbakke, G. L., Mays, M. E., & Sosman, J. M. (2004) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2003.10.018 · Cited by 98
Recent advances in niacin and lipid metabolism
Kamanna, V. S., Ganji, S. H., & Kashyap, M. L. (2013) · Current Opinion in Lipidology · doi:10.1097/mol.0b013e3283613a68 · Cited by 97
Lipoprotein distribution in the metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and familial combined hyperlipidemia
Ayyobi, A. F., & Brunzell, J. D. (2003) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9149(03)00613-1 · Cited by 96
Self-citation
The C-514T polymorphism in the human hepatic lipase gene promoter diminishes its activity
Deeb, S. S., & Peng, R. (2000) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-2275(20)32086-1 · Cited by 95
Is it LDL particle size or number that correlates with risk for cardiovascular disease?
Superko, H. R., & Gadesam, R. (2008) · Current Atherosclerosis Reports · doi:10.1007/s11883-008-0059-2 · Cited by 91
“Zambon et al. [ 9 ] / 1999 Patients from FAT S trial”
Background
Phospholipase A2 and small, dense low-density lipoprotein
Hurt‐Camejo, E., Camejo, G., & Sartipy, P. (2000) · Current Opinion in Lipidology · doi:10.1097/00041433-200010000-00004 · Cited by 90
Metabolic syndrome: nature, therapeutic solutions and options
Onat, A. (2011) · Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1517/14656566.2011.585462 · Cited by 86
“Nicotinic acid combined with a statin selectively decreases small, dense LDL particles [86].”
Background
Reverse cholesterol transport: High-density lipoprotein’s magnificent mile
Toth, P. P. (2003) · Current Atherosclerosis Reports · doi:10.1007/s11883-003-0010-5 · Cited by 87
“As demonstrated in the Familial Atherosclerosis Treatment Study, the inhibition of HL with antilipidemic medications in patients with CAD and hypertriglyceridemia can stimulate coronary artery plaque regression [ 46 ].”
Effect of a Clinical Pharmacist‐Managed Lipid Clinic on Achieving National Cholesterol Education Program Low‐Density Lipoprotein Goals
Bozovich, M., Rubino, C. M., & Edmunds, J. (2000) · Pharmacotherapy The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy · doi:10.1592/phco.20.17.1375.34895 · Cited by 86
Should we measure routinely the LDL peak particle size?
Rizzo, M., & Berneis, K. K. (2005) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2005.02.035 · Cited by 86
Small dense LDL and VLDL predict common carotid artery IMT and elicit an inflammatory response in peripheral blood mononuclear and endothelial cells
Norata, G. D., Raselli, S., Grigore, L., Garlaschelli, K., Vianello, D., Bertocco, S., Zambon, A., & Catapano, A. L. (2009) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2009.03.017 · Cited by 84
Self-citation
Functional variants in the lipoprotein lipase gene and risk of cardiovascular disease
Hokanson, J. E. (1999) · Current Opinion in Lipidology · doi:10.1097/00041433-199910000-00003 · Cited by 82
Self-citation
Antiatherothrombotic effects of nicotinic acid
Rosenson, R. S. (2003) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2003.07.003 · Cited by 80
Dyslipidemia in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. Relationships between Lipids, Kidney Disease and Cardiovascular Disease
Battisti, W. P., Palmisano, J. J., & Keane, W. F. (2003) · Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) · doi:10.1515/cclm.2003.181 · Cited by 78
Statins moderate coronary stenoses but not coronary calcification: Results from meta-analyses
Henein, M. Y., & Owen, A. (2010) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2010.08.031 · Cited by 78
Who needs to care about small, dense low-density lipoproteins?
Rizzo, M., & Berneis, K. K. (2007) · International Journal of Clinical Practice · doi:10.1111/j.1742-1241.2007.01596.x · Cited by 77
Oxidative Stress: Dual Pathway Induction in Cardiorenal Syndrome Type 1 Pathogenesis
Virzì, G. M., Clementi, A., de Cal, M., Brocca, A., Day, S., Pastori, S., Bolin, C., Vescovo, G., & Ronco, C. (2015) · Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity · doi:10.1155/2015/391790 · Cited by 78
“Both in vitro and animal studies have demonstrated that several pathways are dysregulated in heart failure, leading to increased oxidative stress markers production and cardiac damage.”
Background
Role of extracellular retention of low density lipoproteins in atherosclerosis
Borén, J., Gustafsson, M. V., Skålén, K., Flood, C., & Innerarity, T. L. (2000) · Current Opinion in Lipidology · doi:10.1097/00041433-200010000-00002 · Cited by 75
Antioxidant Vitamins and Lipid Therapy
Brown, B. G., Cheung, M. C., Lee, A. C., Zhao, X.-Q., & Chait, A. (2002) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/01.atv.0000034706.24149.95 · Cited by 75
Self-citation
Significance of small dense low-density lipoproteins and other risk factors in patients with various types of coronary heart disease
Koba, S., Hirano, T., Kondo, T., Shibata, M., Suzuki, H., Murakami, M., Geshi, E., & Katagiri, T. (2002) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1067/mhj.2002.126119 · Cited by 73
G-250A Substitution in Promoter of Hepatic Lipase Gene Is Associated With Dyslipidemia and Insulin Resistance in Healthy Control Subjects and in Members of Families With Familial Combined Hyperlipidemia
Pihlajamäki, J., Karjalainen, L., Karhapää, P., Vauhkonen, I., Taskinen, M., Deeb, S. S., & Laakso, M. (2000) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/01.atv.20.7.1789 · Cited by 71
Effect of Weight Loss with Reduction of Intra-Abdominal Fat on Lipid Metabolism in Older Men
Purnell, J. Q. (2000) · Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.85.3.977 · Cited by 161
“... of an increase in LDL particle size and a decrease in HL activity with weight loss is illustrated by prospective studies demonstrating that a smaller LDL size predicts future risk of cardiac events (47‐ 49) and that reduction of LDL density (or change to larger, more buoyant particles) and HL activity with lipid-l…”
MethodSelf-citation
The Clinical Relevance of Low-Density-Lipoproteins Size Modulation by Statins
Rizzo, M., & Berneis, K. K. (2006) · Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10557-006-8283-x · Cited by 71
“In addition, at multivariate analyses with adjustments for confounding factors, changes in LDL size by drug therapy were the best correlates of changes in coronary stenosis in FATS [91].”
Method
Ezetimibe alone or in combination with simvastatin increases small dense low-density lipoproteins in healthy men: a randomized trial
Berneis, K. K., Rizzo, M., Berthold, H. K., Spinas, G. A., Krone, W., & Gouni‐Berthold, I. (2010) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehq181 · Cited by 69
Nicotinic Acid (Niacin) Receptor Agonists: Will They Be Useful Therapeutic Agents?
Kamanna, V. S., & Kashyap, M. L. (2007) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2007.09.080 · Cited by 69
Remarkably high prevalence of small dense low-density lipoprotein in Japanese men with coronary artery disease, irrespective of the presence of diabetes
Koba, S., Hirano, T., Yoshino, G., Sakai, K., Sakaue, T., Adachi, M., & Katagiri, T. (2002) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/s0021-9150(01)00580-9 · Cited by 69
Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors
Papakonstantinou, E., Lambadiari, V., Dimitriadis, G., & Zampelas, A. (2014) · Current Vascular Pharmacology · doi:10.2174/15701611113116660176 · Cited by 67
Mechanisms of the components of the metabolic syndrome that predispose to diabetes and atherosclerotic CVD
Eckel, R. H. (2007) · Proceedings of The Nutrition Society · doi:10.1017/s0029665107005320 · Cited by 69
“However, the direct relationship between small dense LDL and the natural history of atherosclerotic CVD is not entirely accepted (Lada & Rudel, 2004; Jungner et al. 2006).”
BackgroundInfluential
The Therapeutic Role of Niacin in Dyslipidemia Management
Boden, W. E., Sidhu, M. S., & Toth, P. P. (2013) · Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics · doi:10.1177/1074248413514481 · Cited by 69
Sex differences in lipoprotein metabolism and dietary response: Basis in hormonal differences and implications for cardiovascular disease
Knopp, R. H., Paramsothy, P., Retzlaff, B. M., Fish, B. E., Walden, C. E., Dowdy, A. A., Tsunehara, C. H., Aikawa, K., & Cheung, M. C. (2006) · Current Cardiology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11886-006-0104-0 · Cited by 67
The Effects of Statin and Fibrate on Lowering Small Dense LDL- Cholesterol in Hyperlipidemic Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Tokuno, A., Hirano, T., Hayashi, T., Mori, Y., Yamamoto, T., Nagashima, M., Shiraishi, Y., Ito, Y., & Adachi, M. (2007) · Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis · doi:10.5551/jat.14.128 · Cited by 65
Once‐Daily Niacin Extended Release/Lovastatin Combination Tablet Has More Favorable Effects on Lipoprotein Particle Size and Subclass Distribution Than Atorvastatin and Simvastatin
Bays, H. E., McGovern, M. E., & Kopin, L. (2003) · Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1111/j.1520-037x.2003.03142.x · Cited by 64
Small Dense LDL: Scientific Background, Clinical Relevance, and Recent Evidence Still a Risk Even with ‘Normal’ LDL-C Levels
Superko, H., & Garrett, B. (2022) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines10040829 · Cited by 60
“These studies included the Stanford Coronary Risk Intervention Project (SCRIP), the Familial Atherosclerosis Treatment Study (FATS), the St. Thomas’ Atherosclerosis Regression Study (STARS), and the PLAC-I trial [31,55–57].”
Method
Low-density lipoprotein particle size, central obesity, cardiovascular fitness, and insulin resistance syndrome markers in obese youths
Kang, H.-S., Gutin, B., Barbeau, P., Litaker, M., Allison, J., & Le, N. (2002) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0802045 · Cited by 61
High-density lipoprotein subfractions in relation with the severity of coronary artery disease: A Gensini score assessment
Xu, R., Li, S., Li, X., Zhang, Y., Guo, Y., Zhu, C., Wu, N., Qing, P., Sun, J., Dong, Q., et al. (2014) · Journal of clinical lipidology · doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2014.11.003 · Cited by 60
The effect of hepatic lipase on coronary artery disease in humans is influenced by the underlying lipoprotein phenotype
Brunzell, J. D., Zambon, A., & Deeb, S. S. (2011) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids · doi:10.1016/j.bbalip.2011.09.008 · Cited by 61
“In subjects with dense LDL particles [FCHL & Lp(a)] high HL activity was associated with coronary stenosis, and the decrease in HL activity caused an increase in the buoyancy of the dense LDL particles to those of bigger size, and predicted the regression or lack of progression of coronary stenosis [14] (Figures 5 and…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citation
Bovine growth hormone-transgenic mice have major alterations in hepatic expression of metabolic genes
Olsson, B., Bohlooly‐Y, M., Brusehed, O., Isaksson, O. G. P., Åhrén, B., Olofsson, S., Oscarsson, J., & Törnell, J. (2003) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00444.2002 · Cited by 57
“Other factors associated with atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease that connect chronic elevation of GH with the development of the diseases are the reduced gene expression of hepatic lipase (37, 71) and serum paraoxonase (25, 53) and the increased gene expression of serum amyloid A-3 protein (61).”
Background
Comparison of extended-release niacin and atorvastatin monotherapies and combination treatment of the atherogenic lipid profile in diabetes mellitus
Van, J. T., Pan, J., Wasty, T., Chan, E., Wu, X., & Charles, M. A. (2002) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9149(02)02333-0 · Cited by 55

Authors: Zambon, A., Hokanson, J. E., Brown, B. G., & Brunzell, J. D.
Affiliations: University of Washington (US)
ORCID: Zambon, Alberto
Hokanson, John E.
Brunzell, John D.
Venue: Circulation
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 1999-04-20
Volume: 99
Issue: 15
Pages: 1959-1964
ISSN: 0009-7322 (ISSN-L)
1524-4539
DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.99.15.1959
OpenAlex: W1999551921
Cited by: 263
References: 54
Citations by year: 2022: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 6
FWCI: 22.45
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: Circulation (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Padua Research Archive (University of Padova) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders: American Heart Association
National Institutes of Health (5r01hl019451-14, DK35816, 1r01hl042419-01)
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL-42419, P01HL030086, HL3-0086, HL19451)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipid metabolism and disorders
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
Keywords: hepatic lipase, lipid-lowering therapy, lovastatin, nicotinic acid, colestipol, apolipoprotein B, coronary artery stenosis, lipoprotein lipase
MeSH terms: Aged, Anticholesteremic Agents, Hypolipidemic Agents, Apolipoproteins B, Centrifugation, Density Gradient, Chemistry, Physical, Colestipol, Combined Modality Therapy, Coronary Artery Disease, Drug Therapy, Combination, Humans, Lipase, Lipids, Lipolysis, Lipoproteins, Cholesterol, LDL, Liver, Lovastatin, Male, Middle Aged, Niacin, Chemical Phenomena

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Evidence for a New Pathophysiological Mechanism for Coronary Artery Disease Regression: Hepatic Lipase–Mediated Changes in LDL Density

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks