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Cited by 552Cardiovascular Health and Risk FactorsDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and LipoproteinsLipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health

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Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in South Asians in the United States: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Treatments: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association

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Volgman, Annabelle Santos, Palaniappan, Latha S., Aggarwal, Neelum T., Gupta, Milan, Khandelwal, Abha, Krishnan, Aruna V., Lichtman, Judith H., Mehta, Laxmi S., Patel, Hena N., Shah, Kevin S., Shah, Svati H., Watson, Karol E., On behalf of the American Heart Association Council on Epidemiology and Prevention; Cardiovascular Disease and Stroke in Women and Special Populations Committee of the Council on Clinical Cardiology; Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing; Council on Quality of Care and Outcomes Research; and Stroke Council·2018·Circulation
DOI 10.1161/cir.0000000000000580
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Abstract

South Asians (from Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, the Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka) make up one quarter of the world’s population and are one of the fastest-growing ethnic groups in the United States. Although native South Asians share genetic and cultural risk factors with South Asians abroad, South Asians in the United States can differ in socioeconomic status, education, healthcare behaviors, attitudes, and health insurance, which can affect their risk and the treatment and outcomes of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). South Asians have higher proportional mortality rates from ASCVD compared with other Asian groups and non-Hispanic whites, in contrast to the finding that Asian Americans (Asian Indian, Chinese, Filipino, Japanese, Korean, and Vietnamese) aggregated as a group are at lower risk of ASCVD, largely because of the lower risk observed in East Asian populations. Literature relevant to South Asian populations regarding demographics and risk factors, health behaviors, and interventions, including physical activity, diet, medications, and community strategies, is summarized. The evidence to date is that the biology of ASCVD is complex but is no different in South Asians than in any other racial/ethnic group. A majority of the risk in South Asians can be explained by the increased prevalence of known risk factors, especially those related to insulin resistance, and no unique risk factors in this population have been found. This scientific statement focuses on how ASCVD risk factors affect the South Asian population in order to make recommendations for clinical strategies to reduce disease and for directions for future research to reduce ASCVD in this population.

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Metadata

Authors
Volgman, A. S., Palaniappan, L. S., Aggarwal, N. T., Gupta, M., Khandelwal, A., Krishnan, A. V., Lichtman, J. H., Mehta, L. S., Patel, H. N., Shah, K. S., Shah, S. H., Watson, K. E., & On behalf of the American Heart Association Council on Epidemiology and Prevention; Cardiovascular Disease and Stroke in Women and Special Populations Committee of the Council on Clinical Cardiology; Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing; Council on Quality of Care and Outcomes Research; and Stroke Council
ORCID
Venue
Circulation
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published
2018-07-03
Volume
138
Issue
1
Pages
e1-e34
ISSN
  • 0009-7322 (ISSN-L)
  • 1524-4539
DOI
10.1161/cir.0000000000000580
OpenAlex
W2804105986
Cited by
552
References
27
Citations by year
2026: 48 · 2025: 73 · 2024: 79 · 2023: 84 · 2022: 88 · 2021: 73 · 2020: 61 · 2019: 36 · 2018: 9
FWCI
33.81
Type
journal article
Language
en
Update notices
correction (2018-07-30)
Open access
Locations
  • Circulation (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
American Heart Association
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
Keywords
atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, South Asians, ethnic disparities, cardiovascular risk factors, insulin resistance, cardiovascular mortality, socioeconomic status, health behavior, physical activity, diet, cardiovascular drugs, community-based intervention, South Asian Americans
MeSH terms
American Heart Association, Asia, Western, Health Status, Humans, Indian Ocean Islands, Life Style, Prognosis, Risk Factors, United States, Comorbidity, Incidence, Prevalence, Risk Assessment, Evidence-Based Medicine, Asian People, Atherosclerosis, Emigrants and Immigrants, Culturally Competent Care

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