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Myocardial Infarction and Coronary Death among Women: Psychosocial Predictors from a 20-Year Follow-up of Women in the Framingham Study
Abstract
This study investigates the relation of psychosocial variables to the 20-year incidence of myocardial infarction or coronary death among women in the Framingham Study. In 1965-1967, a psychosocial interview was given along with the collection of other coronary risk factor data. This study includes 749 women aged 45-64 years who were free of coronary disease at this baseline examination. Demographic variables, psychosocial scales (such as tension and reactions of anger), and individual interview items (such as attitudes toward children, money, and religion) were measured. When age, systolic blood pressure, the ratio of serum total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, diabetes, cigarette smoking, and body mass index were controlled for in multivariate proportional hazards models, the predictors of the 20-year incidence of myocardial infarction or coronary death were as follows: among employed women, perceived financial status only; among homemakers, symptoms of tension and anxiety, being lonely during the day, difficulty falling asleep, infrequent vacations, housework affecting health, and believing one is prone to heart disease (p less than 0.05 for all variables); and among both groups of women combined, low educational level, tension, and lack of vacations. These results are discussed in relation to previous findings from the Framingham Study.
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The association between loneliness and cardiovascular disease and mortality may have its roots in physiological changes that begin early in life.
“The association between loneliness and cardiovascular disease and mortality [13, 14, 19] may have its roots in physiological changes that begin early in life.”
From Loneliness matters: a theoretical and empirical review of consequences and mechanisms (2010) · cites this paper as [13]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Eaker, E. D., Pinsky, J., & Castelli, W. P.
- Affiliations
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (US)
- Framingham Heart Study (US)
- Corresponding author
- Eaker, Elaine D.
- Venue
- American Journal of Epidemiology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1992-04-15
- Volume
- 135
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 854-864
- ISSN
- 0002-9262 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-6256
- OpenAlex
- W2268721432
- Cited by
- 386
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 4.55
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Health and Mental Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Acute Myocardial Infarction Research
- Keywords
- myocardial infarction, coronary heart disease mortality, women, psychosocial risk factors, tension, anxiety, loneliness, sleep disorders, holidays, housework, educational attainment, Framingham Heart Study, middle-aged women
- MeSH terms
- Analysis of Variance, Behavior, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Life Style, Middle Aged, Myocardial Infarction, Surveys and Questionnaires, Risk Factors, Socioeconomic Factors, Death, Sudden, Cardiac
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