The DOI matches its Crossref record; 60 of the 60 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Global Burden of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in People Living With HIV: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Open accessAbstract
Background: With advances in antiretroviral therapy, most deaths in people with HIV are now attributable to noncommunicable illnesses, especially cardiovascular disease. We determine the association between HIV and cardiovascular disease, and estimate the national, regional, and global burden of cardiovascular disease attributable to HIV. Methods: We conducted a systematic review across 5 databases from inception to August 2016 for longitudinal studies of cardiovascular disease in HIV infection. A random-effects meta-analysis across 80 studies was used to derive the pooled rate and risk of cardiovascular disease in people living with HIV. We then estimated the temporal changes in the population-attributable fraction and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) from HIV-associated cardiovascular disease from 1990 to 2015 at a regional and global level. National cardiovascular DALYs associated with HIV for 2015 were derived for 154 of the 193 United Nations member states. The main outcome measure was the pooled estimate of the rate and risk of cardiovascular disease in people living with HIV and the national, regional, and global estimates of DALYs from cardiovascular disease associated with HIV. Results: In 793 635 people living with HIV and a total follow-up of 3.5 million person-years, the crude rate of cardiovascular disease was 61.8 (95% CI, 45.8–83.4) per 10 000 person-years. In comparison with individuals without HIV, the risk ratio for cardiovascular disease was 2.16 (95% CI, 1.68–2.77). Over the past 26 years, the global population–attributable fraction from cardiovascular disease attributable to HIV increased from 0.36% (95% CI, 0.21%–0.56%) to 0.92% (95% CI, 0.55%–1.41%), and DALYs increased from 0.74 (95% CI, 0.44–1.16) to 2.57 (95% CI, 1.53–3.92) million. There was marked regional variation with most DALYs lost in sub-Saharan Africa (0.87 million, 95% CI, 0.43–1.70) and the Asia Pacific (0.39 million, 95% CI, 0.23–0.62) regions. The highest population-attributable fraction and burden were observed in Swaziland, Botswana, and Lesotho. Conclusions: People living with HIV are twice as likely to develop cardiovascular disease. The global burden of HIV-associated cardiovascular disease has tripled over the past 2 decades and is now responsible for 2.6 million DALYs per annum with the greatest impact in sub-Saharan Africa and the Asia Pacific regions. Clinical Trial Registration: URL: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero . Unique identifier: CRD42016048257.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“HIV patients have been found to have a higher risk of cardiovascular events, which was even higher in patients treated with protease inhibitors (Friis‐Moller et al, 2007; Islam et al, 2012; Shah et al, 2018).”
From The struggle of a good friend getting old: cellular senescence in viral responses and therapy (2021) · cites this paper as Shah et al, 2018
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: the PRISMA statement
Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G., & for the PRISMA Group (2009) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.b2535 · Cited by 83,823
Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test
Egger, M., Smith, G. D., Schneider, M., & Minder, C. (1997) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.315.7109.629 · Cited by 56,722
Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA Statement.
(2009) · PubMed Central · Cited by 44,859
Conducting Meta-Analyses in R with the metafor Package
Viechtbauer, W. (2010) · Journal of Statistical Software · doi:10.18637/jss.v036.i03 · Cited by 20,464
Duval, S., & Tweedie, R. (2000) · Biometrics · doi:10.1111/j.0006-341x.2000.00455.x · Cited by 14,099
Lozano, R., Naghavi, M., Foreman, K., Lim, S., Shibuya, K., Aboyans, V., Abraham, J., Adair, T., Aggarwal, R., Ahn, S. Y., et al. (2012) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(12)61728-0 · Cited by 14,070
Palella, F. J., Delaney, K. M., Moorman, A. C., Loveless, M. O., Fuhrer, J., Satten, G. A., Aschman, D. J., & Holmberg, S. D. (1998) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199803263381301 · Cited by 9,393
Murray, C. J. L., Vos, T., Lozano, R., Naghavi, M., Flaxman, A. D., Michaud, C., Ezzati, M., Shibuya, K., Salomon, J. A., Abdalla, S., et al. (2012) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(12)61689-4 · Cited by 8,888
Health effects of overweight and obesity in 195 countries over 25 years
Collaborators, T. G. 2. O. (2017) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1614362 · Cited by 7,918
Global Burden of Hypertension and Systolic Blood Pressure of at Least 110 to 115 mm Hg, 1990-2015
Forouzanfar, M. H., Liu, P., Roth, G. A., Ng, M., Biryukov, S., Marczak, L., Alexander, L., Estep, K., Hassen Abate, K., Akinyemiju, T. F., et al. (2017) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2016.19043 · Cited by 2,381
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
2024 ESC Guidelines for the management of chronic coronary syndromes
Vrints, C. J., Andreotti, F., Koskinas, K. C., Rosselló, X., Adamo, M., Ainslie, J., BANNING, A. P., Budaj, A., Buechel, R. R., Chiariello, G. A., et al. (2024) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehae177 · Cited by 3,521
2024 ESC Guidelines for the management of elevated blood pressure and hypertension
McEvoy, J. W., McCarthy, C. P., Bruno, R. M., Brouwers, S., Canavan, M. D., Ceconi, C., Christodorescu, R. M., Daskalopoulou, S. S., Ferro, C. J., Gerdts, E., et al. (2024) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehae178 · Cited by 2,298
2025 Focused Update of the 2019 ESC/EAS Guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias
Mach, F., Koskinas, K. C., Roeters van Lennep, J. E., Tokgözoğlu, L., Badimon, L., Baigent, C., Benn, M., Binder, C. J., Catapano, A. L., De Backer, G. G., et al. (2025) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehaf190 · Cited by 688
Feinstein, M. J., Hsue, P. Y., Benjamin, L. A., Bloomfield, G. S., Currier, J. S., Freiberg, M. S., Grinspoon, S. K., Levin, J., Longenecker, C. T., & Post, W. S. (2019) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000695 · Cited by 673
Self-citationPitavastatin to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease in HIV Infection
Grinspoon, S. K., Fitch, K. V., Zanni, M. V., Fichtenbaum, C. J., Umbleja, T., Aberg, J. A., Overton, E. T., Malvestutto, C., Bloomfield, G. S., Currier, J. S., et al. (2023) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa2304146 · Cited by 532
Lee, K. K., Bing, R., Kiang, J., Bashir, S., Spath, N., Stelzle, D., Mortimer, K. J., Bularga, A., Doudesis, D., Joshi, S. S., et al. (2020) · The Lancet Global Health · doi:10.1016/s2214-109x(20)30343-0 · Cited by 504
Self-citationThe Burden of COVID-19 in People Living with HIV: A Syndemic Perspective
Shiau, S., Krause, K. D., Valera, P. A., Swaminathan, S., & Halkitis, P. N. (2020) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-020-02871-9 · Cited by 350
HIV and cardiovascular disease
So‐Armah, K., Benjamin, L. A., Bloomfield, G. S., Feinstein, M. J., Hsue, P. Y., Njuguna, B., & Freiberg, M. S. (2020) · The Lancet HIV · doi:10.1016/s2352-3018(20)30036-9 · Cited by 317
Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography From Clinical Uses to Emerging Technologies
Abdelrahman, K. M., Chen, M. Y., Dey, A. K., Virmani, R., Finn, A. V., Khamis, R., Choi, A., Min, J. K., Williams, M. C., Buckler, A. J., et al. (2020) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2020.06.076 · Cited by 300
Autenrieth, C. S., Beck, E. J., Stelzle, D., Mallouris, C., Mahy, M. I., & Ghys, P. D. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0207005 · Cited by 287
Self-citation2026 ACC/AHA/AACVPR/ABC/ACPM/ADA/AGS/APhA/ASPC/NLA/PCNA Guideline on the Management of Dyslipidemia
Blumenthal, R. S., Morris, P. B., Gaudino, M., Johnson, H. M., Anderson, T. S., Bittner, V. A., Blankstein, R., Brewer, L. C., Cho, L., de Ferranti, S. D., et al. (2026) · JACC · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2025.11.016 · Cited by 304
HIV infection and coronary heart disease: mechanisms and management
Hsue, P. Y., & Waters, D. D. (2019) · Nature Reviews Cardiology · doi:10.1038/s41569-019-0219-9 · Cited by 237
Madhur, M. S., Elijovich, F., Alexander, M. R., Pitzer, A. L., Ishimwe, J., Beusecum, J. P. V., Patrick, D. M., Smart, C. D., Kleyman, T. R., Kingery, J. R., et al. (2021) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.121.318052 · Cited by 218
Obesity and weight gain in persons with HIV
Bailin, S. S., Gabriel, C. L., Wanjalla, C. N., & Koethe, J. R. (2020) · Current HIV/AIDS Reports · doi:10.1007/s11904-020-00483-5 · Cited by 213
Cardiovascular diseases in Africa in the twenty-first century: Gaps and priorities going forward
Minja, N. W., Nakagaayi, D., Aliku, T. O., Zhang, W., Ssinabulya, I., Nabbaale, J., Amutuhaire, W., de Loizaga, S. R., Ndagire, E., Rwebembera, J., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.3389/fcvm.2022.1008335 · Cited by 196
2025 Focused Update of the 2019 ESC/EAS Guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias
Mach, F., Koskinas, K. C., van Lennep, J. E. R., Tokgözoğlu, L. S., Badimón, L., Baigent, C., Benn, M., Binder, C. J., Catapano, A. L., Backer, G. D., et al. (2025) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.120479 · Cited by 190
Yang, X., Sun, J., Patel, R. C., Zhang, J., Guo, S., Zheng, Q., Olex, A. L., Olatosi, B., Weissman, S., Islam, J. Y., et al. (2021) · The Lancet HIV · doi:10.1016/s2352-3018(21)00239-3 · Cited by 157
RetractedCharacteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with HIV: a multicentre research network study
Hadi, Y. B., Naqvi, S. F., Kupec, J. T., & Sarwari, A. R. (2020) · AIDS · doi:10.1097/qad.0000000000002666 · Cited by 155
Ntsekhe, M., & Baker, J. V. (2022) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.122.057443 · Cited by 144
Inflammation in HIV and Its Impact on Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease
Obare, L. M., Temu, T. M., Mallal, S. A., & Wanjalla, C. N. (2024) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.124.323891 · Cited by 150
HIV epidemiology, prevention, treatment, and implementation strategies for public health
Mody, A., Sohn, A. H., Iwuji, C. C., Tan, R. K. J., Venter, F., & Geng, E. (2023) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(23)01381-8 · Cited by 150
Time to Recognize HIV Infection as a Major Cardiovascular Risk Factor
Hsue, P. Y., & Waters, D. D. (2018) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.118.036211 · Cited by 127
Association of Lymphopenia With Risk of Mortality Among Adults in the US General Population
Zidar, D. A., Al-Kindi, S. G., Liu, Y., Krieger, N. I., Perzynski, A. T., Osnard, M., Nmai, C., Anthony, D. D., Lederman, M. M., Freeman, M. L., et al. (2019) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.16526 · Cited by 128
Writing Committee Members, Blumenthal, R. S., Morris, P. B., Gaudino, M., Johnson, H. M., Anderson, T. S., Bittner, V. A., Blankstein, R., Brewer, L. C., Cho, L., et al. (2026) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000001423 · Cited by 122
Lee, K. K., Stelzle, D., Bing, R., Anwar, M., Strachan, F. E., Bashir, S., Newby, D. E., Shah, J., Chung, M. H., Bloomfield, G. S., et al. (2019) · The Lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology · doi:10.1016/s2468-1253(19)30227-4 · Cited by 121
Self-citationA Review of Chronic Comorbidities in Adults Living With HIV: State of the Science
Webel, A. R., Schexnayder, J. K., Cioe, P. A., & Zuniga, J. A. (2021) · Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care · doi:10.1097/jnc.0000000000000240 · Cited by 109
Kong, A. M., Pozen, A., Anastos, K., Kelvin, E. A., & Nash, D. (2019) · AIDS Patient Care and STDs · doi:10.1089/apc.2018.0190 · Cited by 97
Cardiovascular Disease and Thrombosis in HIV Infection
Perkins, M. V., Joseph, S., Dittmer, D. P., & Mackman, N. (2022) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.122.318232 · Cited by 98
Althoff, K. N., Stewart, C., Humes, E., Gerace, L., Boyd, C. M., Gebo, K. A., Justice, A. C., Hyle, E. P., Coburn, S. B., Lang, R., et al. (2024) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1004325 · Cited by 85
Eyawo, O., Brockman, G., Goldsmith, C. H., Hull, M., Lear, S. A., Bennett, M. T., Guillemi, S. A., Franco‐Villalobos, C., Adam, A., Mills, E. J., et al. (2019) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025874 · Cited by 83
Ngqwala, N. P., & Muchesa, P. (2020) · South African Journal of Science · doi:10.17159/sajs.2020/5730 · Cited by 75
Lipid Abnormalities in Persons Living With HIV Infection
Waters, D. D., & Hsue, P. Y. (2018) · Canadian Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.cjca.2018.11.005 · Cited by 75
Immune mechanisms in the pathophysiology of hypertension
Nguyen, B. A., Alexander, M. R., & Harrison, D. G. (2024) · Nature Reviews Nephrology · doi:10.1038/s41581-024-00838-w · Cited by 85
Xie, M., Tang, Q., Yu, S., Sun, J., Feng, M., Zhao, J., & Chen, L. (2020) · International Journal of Oral Science · doi:10.1038/s41368-020-00096-z · Cited by 72
McCann, K., Shah, S., Hindley, L., Hill, A., Qavi, A., Simmons, B., Serenata, C., Sokhela, S., & Venter, W. D. F. (2021) · AIDS · doi:10.1097/qad.0000000000002930 · Cited by 72
Comorbidities of HIV infection
Sviridov, D., Mukhamedova, N., Makarov, A. А., Adzhubei, A. A., & Bukrinsky, M. (2019) · AIDS · doi:10.1097/qad.0000000000002385 · Cited by 69
Assessing Cardiovascular Risk in People Living with HIV: Current Tools and Limitations
Achhra, A. C., Lyass, A., Borowsky, L. H., Bogorodskaya, M., Plutzky, J., Massaro, J. M., D’Agostino, R. B., & Triant, V. A. (2021) · Current HIV/AIDS Reports · doi:10.1007/s11904-021-00567-w · Cited by 65
Cardiovascular toxicity of contemporary antiretroviral therapy
Vos, A. G., & Venter, F. (2021) · Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS · doi:10.1097/coh.0000000000000702 · Cited by 65
HIV and cardiovascular disease: the role of inflammation
Dirajlal‐Fargo, S., & Funderburg, N. (2022) · Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS · doi:10.1097/coh.0000000000000755 · Cited by 65
Chronic inflammation mediates brain injury in HIV infection: relevance for cure strategies
McArthur, J. C., & Johnson, T. P. (2020) · Current Opinion in Neurology · doi:10.1097/wco.0000000000000807 · Cited by 66
Ha, A. C. T., Doumouras, B. S., Wang, C., Tranmer, J. E., & Lee, D. S. (2022) · Canadian Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.cjca.2022.01.007 · Cited by 73
Mechanisms of Cardiovascular Disease in the Setting of HIV Infection
Hsue, P. Y. (2018) · Canadian Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.cjca.2018.12.024 · Cited by 64
Performance of Cardiovascular Risk Prediction Models Among People Living With HIV
Soares, C., Kwok, M. J., Boucher, K.-A., Haji, M. S., Echouffo-Tcheugui, J. B., Longenecker, C. T., Bloomfield, G. S., Ross, D. A., Jutkowtiz, E., Sullivan, J. L., et al. (2022) · JAMA Cardiology · doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2022.4873 · Cited by 57
Self-citationIs tenofovir disoproxil fumarate associated with weight loss?
Shah, S., Pilkington, V., & Hill, A. (2021) · AIDS · doi:10.1097/qad.0000000000003083 · Cited by 58
The struggle of a good friend getting old: cellular senescence in viral responses and therapy
Kohli, J., Veenstra, I., & Demaria, M. (2021) · The EMBO Reports · doi:10.15252/embr.202052243 · Cited by 52
Far, M. E., Durand, M., Turcotte, I., Larouche-Anctil, E., Sylla, M., Zaidan, S., Chartrand‐Lefebvre, C., Bunet, R., Ramani, H., Sadouni, M., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.664371 · Cited by 55
Shapiro, S., & Makris, M. (2018) · British Journal of Haematology · doi:10.1111/bjh.15745 · Cited by 53
Excess Risk for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Outcomes Among US Adults With HIV in the Current Era
Rosenson, R. S., Hubbard, D. M., Monda, K. L., Reading, S. R., Chen, L., Dluzniewski, P. J., Burkholder, G., Muntner, P., & Colantonio, L. D. (2019) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.119.013744 · Cited by 52
2019 ESC/EAS Guidelines for management of dyslipidaemia: strengths and limitations
Zeitouni, M., Sabouret, P. F., Kernéis, M., Silvain, J., Collet, J., Bruckert, É., & Montalescot, G. (2020) · European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1093/ehjcvp/pvaa077 · Cited by 56
Bosco, G., Di Giacomo Barbagallo, F., Spampinato, S., Lanzafame, L., Di Pino, A., Piro, S., Purrello, F., & Scicali, R. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm12062444 · Cited by 50
Myocardial Fibrosis and Inflammation by CMR Predict Cardiovascular Outcome in People Living With HIV
de Leuw, P., Arendt, C. T., Haberl, A. E., Froadinadl, D., Kann, G., Wolf, T., Stephan, C., Schüttfort, G., Vásquez, M., Arcari, L., et al. (2021) · JACC. Cardiovascular imaging · doi:10.1016/j.jcmg.2021.01.042 · Cited by 50
Prevention of cardiovascular disease among people living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa
Okello, S., Mbonde, A. A., Bloomfield, G. S., Kentoffio, K., Lugobe, H. M., Reynolds, Z., Magodoro, I. M., North, C. M., Okello, E., Peck, R. N., et al. (2020) · Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2020.02.004 · Cited by 52
HIV, Combination Antiretroviral Therapy, and Vascular Diseases in Men and Women
Kovács, L., Kress, T. C., & de Chantemèle, E. J. B. (2022) · JACC Basic to Translational Science · doi:10.1016/j.jacbts.2021.10.017 · Cited by 49
Saigusa, R., Roy, P., Freuchet, A., Gulati, R., Ghosheh, Y., Suthahar, S. S. A., Durant, C. P., Hanna, D. B., Kiosses, W. B., Orecchioni, M., et al. (2022) · Nature Cardiovascular Research · doi:10.1038/s44161-022-00063-3 · Cited by 52
Mechanisms of immune aging in HIV
Chauvin, M., & Sauce, D. (2022) · Clinical Science · doi:10.1042/cs20210344 · Cited by 50
Early-onset atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
Mousavi, I., Suffredini, J. M., Virani, S. S., Ballantyne, C. M., Michos, E. D., Misra, A., Saeed, A., & Jia, X. (2024) · European Journal of Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1093/eurjpc/zwae240 · Cited by 51
Prelamin A mediates myocardial inflammation in dilated and HIV-associated cardiomyopathies
Brayson, D., Frustaci, A., Verardo, R., Chimenti, C., Russo, M. A., Hayward, R., Ahmad, S., Vizcay‐Barrena, G., Protti, A., Zammit, P. S., et al. (2019) · JCI Insight · doi:10.1172/jci.insight.126315 · Cited by 49
Self-citationGooden, T. E., Gardner, M. P., Wang, J., Jolly, K. B., Lane, D. A., Benjamin, L. A., Mwandumba, H. C., Kandoole-Kabwere, V., Lwanga, I. B., Taylor, S. R., et al. (2021) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/infdis/jiab420 · Cited by 47
Fragkou, P. C., Moschopoulos, C. D., Dimopoulou, D., Triantafyllidi, H., Birmpa, D., Benas, D., Tsiodras, S., Kavatha, D., Antoniadou, A., & Papadopoulos, A. (2023) · Hellenic Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.hjc.2022.12.013 · Cited by 49
Dyslipidemia in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Disease
Kalra, D. K., Vorla, M., Michos, E. D., Agarwala, A., Virani, S. S., Duell, P. B., & Raal, F. J. (2023) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2023.04.050 · Cited by 46
Recent advances in poor HIV immune reconstitution: what will the future look like?
Zhang, W., & Ruan, L. (2023) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2023.1236460 · Cited by 52
Are New Antiretroviral Treatments Increasing the Risk of Weight Gain?
Shah, S., Hindley, L., & Hill, A. M. (2021) · Drugs · doi:10.1007/s40265-020-01457-y · Cited by 46
Cardiovascular risk assessment in people living with HIV compared to the general population
Delabays, B., Cavassini, M. L., Damas, J., Beuret, H., Calmy, A., Hasse, B. K., Bucher, H. C., Frischknecht, M., Müller, O., Méan, M., et al. (2021) · European Journal of Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1093/eurjpc/zwab201 · Cited by 43
Long-term Outcomes Following Kidney and Liver Transplant in Recipients With HIV
Zarinsefat, A., Gulati, A., Shui, A. M., Braun, H. J., Rogers, R., Hirose, R., Ascher, N. L., & Stock, P. G. (2022) · JAMA Surgery · doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2021.6798 · Cited by 42
Grinspoon, S. K., Douglas, P. S., Hoffmann, U., & Ribaudo, H. J. (2020) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/infdis/jiaa098 · Cited by 42
Association of Viral Persistence and Atherosclerosis in Adults With Treated HIV Infection
McLaughlin, M. M., Ma, Y., Scherzer, R., Rahalkar, S., Martin, J. N., Mills, C., Milush, J. M., Deeks, S. G., & Hsue, P. Y. (2020) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.18099 · Cited by 40
Douglas, P. S., Umbleja, T., Bloomfield, G. S., Fichtenbaum, C. J., Zanni, M. V., Overton, E. T., Fitch, K. V., Kileel, E. M., Aberg, J. A., Currier, J. S., et al. (2021) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/ciab552 · Cited by 41
Magodoro, I. M., Okello, S., Dungeni, M., Castle, A. C., Mureyani, S., & Danaei, G. (2022) · International Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2022.05.035 · Cited by 35
Cardiomyopathy and Heart Failure in Patients With HIV Infection
Savvoulidis, P., Butler, J., & Kalogeropoulos, A. P. (2018) · Canadian Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.cjca.2018.10.009 · Cited by 41
Manavalan, P., Minja, L., Wanda, L., Hertz, J., Thielman, N., Okeke, N., Mmbaga, B., & Watt, M. (2020) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0243059 · Cited by 30
Recent abacavir use and incident cardiovascular disease in contemporary-treated people with HIV
Jaschinski, N., Greenberg, L., Neesgaard, B., Miró, J. M., Grabmeier‐Pfistershammer, K., Wandeler, G., Smith, C. J., Wit, S. D., Wit, F. W. N. M., Pelchen–Matthews, A., et al. (2022) · AIDS · doi:10.1097/qad.0000000000003373 · Cited by 39
Heron, J. E., Norman, S. M., Yoo, J., Lembke, K., O'Connor, C. C., Weston, C. E., & Gracey, D. M. (2019) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0223224 · Cited by 38
Grand, M., Bia, D., & Díaz, A. (2019) · Current HIV Research · doi:10.2174/1570162x17666191212091618 · Cited by 41
Metabolic syndrome and 10-year cardiovascular risk among HIV-positive and HIV-negative adults
Masyuko, S. J., Page, S. T., Kinuthia, J., Osoti, A. O., Polyak, S. J., Otieno, F. C. F., Kibachio, J. M., Mogaka, J. N., Temu, T. M., Zifodya, J. S., et al. (2020) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000020845 · Cited by 39
HIV Infection and the Risk of World Health Organization–Defined Sudden Cardiac Death
Freiberg, M. S., Duncan, M. S., Alcorn, C., Chang, C. H., Kundu, S., Mumpuni, A., Smith, E. K., Loch, S. F., Bedigian, A., Vittinghoff, E., et al. (2021) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.121.021268 · Cited by 38
Taiwo, B., Romdhani, H., Lafeuille, M., Bhojwani, R., Milbers, K., & Donga, P. (2022) · Journal of Drug Assessment · doi:10.1080/21556660.2022.2149963 · Cited by 34
Structure-based mechanism and inhibition of cholesteryl ester transfer protein
Han, X. M., Zhang, M., Liu, J., Wang, J., & Ren, G. (2023) · Current Atherosclerosis Reports · doi:10.1007/s11883-023-01087-1 · Cited by 37
Cardiovascular Risk Estimation Is Suboptimal in People With HIV
Triant, V. A., Lyass, A., Hurley, L. B., Borowsky, L. H., Ehrbar, R. Q., He, W. W., Cheng, D. T.-Y., Lo, J., Klein, D. B., Meigs, J. B., et al. (2024) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.123.029228 · Cited by 37
Cardiac and Renal Comorbidities in Aging People Living With HIV
McCutcheon, K. R. G., Nqebelele, N. U., Murray, L., Thomas, T. S., Mpanya, D., & Tsabedze, N. (2024) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.124.323948 · Cited by 37
Grinspoon, S. K., Zanni, M. V., Triant, V. A., Kantor, A., Umbleja, T., Diggs, M. R., Chu, S. M., Fitch, K. V., Currier, J. S., Bloomfield, G. S., et al. (2025) · The Lancet HIV · doi:10.1016/s2352-3018(24)00276-5 · Cited by 37
Lipidome Abnormalities and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in HIV Infection
Bowman, E., & Funderburg, N. (2019) · Current HIV/AIDS Reports · doi:10.1007/s11904-019-00442-9 · Cited by 38
Lin, H., Ding, Y., Ning, C., Qiao, X., Chen, X., Chen, X., Shen, W., Liu, X., Hong, Y., & He, N. (2019) · The Lancet HIV · doi:10.1016/s2352-3018(19)30263-2 · Cited by 37
Grabovac, I., Veronese, N., Štefanac, S., Haider, S., Jackson, S. E., Koyanagi, A., Meilinger, M., Stubbs, B., Firth, J., Soysal, P., et al. (2019) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/ciz539 · Cited by 38
Saumoy, M., Sánchez‐Quesada, J. L., Ordóñez‐Llanos, J., & Podzamczer, D. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm10163456 · Cited by 36
HIV disease, metabolic dysfunction and atherosclerosis: A three year prospective study
Low, H., Hoang, A., Pushkarsky, T., Dubrovsky, L., Dewar, E. M., Yacovo, M. S. D., Mukhamedova, N., Cheng, L., Downs, C., Simon, G. L., et al. (2019) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0215620 · Cited by 36
Brown, D. A., Simmons, B., Boffito, M., Aubry, R. L., Nwokolo, N. C., Harding, R., & O’Brien, K. K. (2019) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0213222 · Cited by 36
The 2000HIV study: Design, multi-omics methods and participant characteristics
Vos, W. A. J. W., Groenendijk, A. L., Blaauw, M. J. T., van Eekeren, L. E., Navas, A., Cleophas, M. C. P., Vadaq, N., Matzaraki, V., dos Santos, J. C., Meeder, E. M. G., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.982746 · Cited by 35
Rein, S. M., Lodi, S., Logan, R. W., Touloumi, G., Antoniadou, A., Wittkop, L., Bonnet, F., van Sighem, A., van der Valk, M., Reiss, P., et al. (2023) · The Lancet HIV · doi:10.1016/s2352-3018(23)00233-3 · Cited by 35
Hudson, J. A., Ferrand, R. A., Gitau, S. N., Mureithi, M., Maffia, P., Alam, S. R., & Shah, A. S. V. (2024) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.124.323890 · Cited by 36
Self-citationCardiovascular disease in HIV patients: recent advances in predicting and managing risk
McGettrick, P., Mallon, P. W. G., & Sabin, C. A. (2020) · Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy · doi:10.1080/14787210.2020.1757430 · Cited by 38
Inflammatory and Immune Mechanisms for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in HIV
Hmiel, L., Zhang, S., Obare, L. M., Santana, M. A. D. O., Wanjalla, C. N., Titanji, B. K., Hileman, C. O., & Bagchi, S. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms25137266 · Cited by 34
Self-citationInflammatory and cardiovascular diseases biomarkers in chronic hepatitis C virus infection: A review
Babiker, A., Hassan, M. S., Muhammed, S., Taylor, G. H., Poonia, B., Shah, A. S. V., & Bagchi, S. (2019) · Clinical Cardiology · doi:10.1002/clc.23299 · Cited by 33
Self-citationRuamtawee, W., Tipayamongkholgul, M., Aimyong, N., & Manosuthi, W. (2023) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-023-15321-7 · Cited by 34
Henning, R. J., & Greene, J. N. (2023) · PubMed Central · Cited by 33
Schexnayder, J. K., Perry, K. R., Sheahan, K. L., Elliott, N. T. M., Subramaniam, S., Strawbridge, E. M., Webel, A. R., Bosworth, H. B., & Gierisch, J. M. (2023) · Qualitative Health Research · doi:10.1177/10497323231167348 · Cited by 33
Elvstam, O., Medstrand, P., Jansson, M., Isberg, P.-E., Gisslén, M., & Björkman, P. (2019) · HIV Medicine · doi:10.1111/hiv.12756 · Cited by 33
Weight changes, metabolic syndrome and all‐cause mortality among Asian adults living with HIV
Han, W. M., Law, M. G., Choi, J. Y., Ditangco, R. A., Kumarasamy, N., Chaiwarith, R., Ly, P. S., Khusuwan, S., Merati, T. P., Duy, C., et al. (2021) · HIV Medicine · doi:10.1111/hiv.13211 · Cited by 33
Navigating cancer therapy induced cardiotoxicity: From pathophysiology to treatment innovations
Tetterton-Kellner, J., Jensen, B. C., & Nguyen, J. (2024) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.addr.2024.115361 · Cited by 37
Hanley, S., Moodley, D., & Naidoo, M. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0255652 · Cited by 32
Management of comorbidities in haemophilia
Kempton, C. L., Makris, M., & Holme, P. A. (2020) · Haemophilia · doi:10.1111/hae.14013 · Cited by 31
Metadata
- Authors
- Shah, A. S. V., Stelzle, D., Lee, K. K., Beck, E. J., Alam, S., Clifford, S., Longenecker, C. T., Strachan, F., Bagchi, S., Whiteley, W., Rajagopalan, S., Kottilil, S., Nair, H., Newby, D. E., McAllister, D. A., & Mills, N. L.
- Affiliations
- University of Edinburgh (GB)
- Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (CH)
- Case Western Reserve University (US)
- University of Maryland, Baltimore (US)
- University of Glasgow (GB)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Circulation
- Published
- 2018-09-11
- Volume
- 138
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1100-1112
- ISSN
- 0009-7322 (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4539
- PMC
- PMC6221183
- OpenAlex
- W3025713364
- Cited by
- 975
- References
- 60
- Citations by year
- 2026: 139 · 2025: 153 · 2024: 159 · 2023: 117 · 2022: 137 · 2021: 111 · 2020: 99 · 2019: 51 · 2018: 8
- FWCI
- 82.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Circulation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- LSHTM Research Online (London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine) (acceptedVersion)
- mediaTUM – the media and publications repository of the Technical University Munich (Technical University Munich) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Edinburgh Research Explorer (University of Edinburgh) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust (201492/Z/16/Z)
- British Heart Foundation (FS/18/25/33454, FS/16/14/32023)
- University of Glasgow
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
- Keywords
- HIV-associated cardiovascular disease, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, global burden of disease, disability-adjusted life years, population attributable fraction, people living with HIV, antiretroviral therapy, sub-Saharan Africa, cardiovascular risk, non-communicable diseases, cardiovascular risk factors
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Risk Factors, Time Factors, Global Health, HIV Infections, Incidence, Prevalence, Cost of Illness, Risk Assessment, HIV Long-Term Survivors, Atherosclerosis
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
