Cited by 112Nitric Oxide and Endothelin EffectsRedox biology and oxidative stressNeutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms

Effects of the Reactive Oxygen Species Hydrogen Peroxide and Hypochlorite on Endothelial Nitric Oxide Production

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Jaimes, Edgar A., Sweeney, Charles, Raij, Leopoldo·2001·Hypertension

Abstract

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and hypochlorite (HOCl) participate in the pathogenesis of ischemia/reperfusion injury, inflammation, and atherosclerosis. Both NO and ROS are important modulators of vascular tone and architecture and of adhesive interactions between leukocytes, platelets, and vascular endothelium. We studied the effect of H 2 O 2 and HOCl on receptor-dependent (bradykinin [10 −6 mol/L] and ADP [10 −4 mol/L]) and receptor-independent mechanisms (calcium ionophore A23187 [10 −6 mol/L]) of NO production by porcine aortic endothelial cells (ECs). Changes in the level of EC cGMP (the second messenger of NO) were used as a surrogate of NO production. EC cGMP increased 300% in response to bradykinin and A23187 and 200% in response to ADP. Exposure of ECs to H 2 O 2 (50 μmol/L) for 30 minutes significantly impaired cGMP levels in response to ADP, bradykinin, and the receptor-independent NO agonist A23187. In contrast, preincubation with HOCl (50 μmol/L) impaired cGMP production only in response to ADP and bradykinin but not A23187. These concentrations of H 2 O 2 and HOCl did not result in increased EC lethality as assessed by lactate dehydrogenase release. Neither H 2 O 2 nor HOCl affected EC cGMP production in response to NO donor sodium nitroprusside, which suggests that guanylate cyclase is resistant to these oxidants. We also demonstrated that neither H 2 O 2 nor HOCl affects endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) catalytic activity as measured by conversion of l -arginine to l -citrulline in EC homogenates supplemented with eNOS cofactors. The present studies show that H 2 O 2 impairs NO production in response to both receptor-dependent and receptor-independent agonists and that these effects are due, at least in part, to inactivation of eNOS cofactors, whereas HOCl inhibits NO production by interfering with receptor-operated mechanisms at the level of the cell membrane. Concentrations of H 2 O 2 and HOCl used in the present studies have been shown to be generated in vivo during inflammation and ischemia/reperfusion. Therefore, we infer that these effects of H 2 O 2 and HOCl on EC NO production may contribute to disregulated vascular tone and altered leukocyte-EC interactions that occur in vascular injury as a result of those causes in which ROS generation is involved.

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  • HOCl decreases eNOS activity and NO bioavailability by a number of direct and indirect mechanisms, disrupting protective NO signaling.

    “Hypochlorous acid decreases eNOS activity and NO bioavailability by a number of direct and indirect mechanisms, disrupting protective NO signaling (2, 464, 1054).”

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Research works printed but not linked: 3

  1. Schraufstatter IU, Browne K, Harris A, et al. Mechanisms of hypochlorite (HOCl) injury of target cells. J Clin Invest. 1990;85:554 -562.
  2. Lowry O, Rosenbrough N, Farr A, Randall R. Protein measurement with the protein phenol method. J Biol Chem. 1951;193:265-275.
  3. Jaimes EA, Nath KA, Raij L. Hydrogen peroxide downregulates IL-1 stimulated iNOS activity in mesangial cells: implications for glomerulo- nephritis. Am J Physiol. 1997;272:F721-F728.

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Authors
Jaimes, E. A., Sweeney, C., & Raij, L.
Affiliations
University of Minnesota (US)
Venue
Hypertension
Published
2001-10
Volume
38
Issue
4
Pages
877-883
ISSN
  • 0194-911X (ISSN-L)
  • 1524-4563
OpenAlex
W2108715373
Cited by
112
References
58
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 8
FWCI
3.39
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Hypertension (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms
Keywords
reactive oxygen species, hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorite, nitric oxide production, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, cyclic GMP, bradykinin, ADP, A23187, guanylate cyclase, endothelial cells, endothelial dysfunction, ischemia-reperfusion injury
MeSH terms
Calcimycin, Adenosine Diphosphate, Animals, Arginine, Bradykinin, Cells, Cultured, Endothelium, Vascular, Enzyme Inhibitors, Cyclic GMP, Hydrogen Peroxide, Hypochlorous Acid, Nitric Oxide, Nitroprusside, Swine, Oxidants, Nitric Oxide Synthase, omega-N-Methylarginine, Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III

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