Nitric oxide: physiology, pathophysiology, and pharmacology.

Moncada, S; Palmer, R M; Higgs, E A

doi:10.1016/s0031-6997(25)06663-3

Cited by 15,525Nitric Oxide and Endothelin EffectsEicosanoids and Hypertension PharmacologyHemoglobin structure and function

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Nitric oxide: physiology, pathophysiology, and pharmacology.

Moncada, S, Palmer, R M, Higgs, E A·1991·Pharmacological Reviews

DOI 10.1016/s0031-6997(25)06663-3

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Nitrate is the predominant nitric oxide oxidation product in the circulation, with plasma nitrate concentrations normally at least two orders of magnitude higher than nitrite concentrations.
“However, nitrate is the dominating final oxidation product in plasma with concentrations (micromolar) normally at least 2 orders of magnitude higher than nitrite (nanomolar).35”
From Nitrate-Nitrite-Nitric Oxide Pathway: Implications for Anesthesiology and Intensive Care (2010) · cites this paper as [35]
A large number of cytokines and hormones induce NOX2 expression, including angiotensin II, thrombin, and TNF-α.
“A large number of cytokines and hormones have been shown to induce NOX2 expression, including angiotensin II (658, 714, 802), thrombin (725), and TNF-α (275, 964).”
From Sources of Vascular Nitric Oxide and Reactive Oxygen Species and Their Regulation (2019) · cites this paper as [658]
NO and related nitrogen oxides are critical endogenous regulators of cell and tissue function.
“Nitric oxide (NO; nitrogen monoxide) and related nitrogen oxides are now known to be critical endogenous regulators of cell and tissue function (1, 2).”
From What Part of NO Don't You Understand? Some Answers to the Cardinal Questions in Nitric Oxide Biology (2010) · cites this paper as [1]
Nitrate and nitrite may act as a substrate for eNOS-mediated NO generation, even when oxygen levels are limited.
“However, studies suggest that nitrate and nitrite may act as a substrate for eNOS-mediated NO generation, even when oxygen levels are limited.”
From The effects of dietary nitrate on blood pressure and endothelial function: a review of human intervention studies (2013) · cites this paper as [98]

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Self-citation

Authors: Moncada, S., Palmer, R. M., & Higgs, E. A.
Affiliations: Wellcome Trust (GB)
ORCID: Moncada, S
Palmer, R M
Venue: Pharmacological Reviews
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 1991-06
Volume: 43
Issue: 2
Pages: 109-142
ISSN: 0031-6997 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s0031-6997(25)06663-3
OpenAlex: W1929009802
Cited by: 15,525
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 60 · 2025: 87 · 2024: 63 · 2023: 121 · 2022: 122 · 2021: 132 · 2020: 169 · 2019: 187 · 2018: 220 · 2017: 250 · 2016: 273 · 2015: 299 · 2014: 394 · 2013: 379 · 2012: 463
FWCI: 354.59
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
Locations: Pharmacological Reviews (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Eicosanoids and Hypertension Pharmacology
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Hemoglobin structure and function
Keywords: nitric oxide, nitric oxide synthase, soluble guanylate cyclase, cGMP signaling
MeSH terms: Animals, Blood Platelets, Blood Vessels, Nervous System, Nitric Oxide, Rabbits

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