“All Hands on Deck”: The Paris Agreement and Nonstate Climate Action
Open accessAbstract
The 2015 Paris Climate summit consolidated the transition of the climate regime from a “regulatory” to a “catalytic and facilitative” model. A key component of this shift was the intergovernmental regime’s embrace of climate action by sub- and nonstate actors. Although a groundswell of transnational climate action has been growing over time, the Paris Agreement seeks to bring this phenomenon into the heart of the new climate regime. This forum article describes that transition and considers its implications.
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The Paris Agreement formalized the role of subnational and nonstate actors in pushing national climate commitments forward.
“The Paris Agreement also formalized the role of subnational and nonstate actors in pushing national climate commitments forward (2).”
From A framework for localizing global climate solutions and their carbon reduction potential (2021) · cites this paper as [2]
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- Authors
- Hale, T.
- Corresponding author
- Hale, Thomas
- ORCID
- Hale, Thomas
- Venue
- Global Environmental Politics
- Publisher
- MIT Press - Journals
- Published
- 2016-08
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 12-22
- ISSN
- 1526-3800 (ISSN-L)
- 1536-0091
- OpenAlex
- W2464875852
- Cited by
- 448
- References
- 13
- Citations by year
- 2026: 30 · 2025: 49 · 2024: 34 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 60 · 2021: 39 · 2020: 60 · 2019: 36 · 2018: 77 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 7
- FWCI
- 112.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Global Environmental Politics (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Project Muse (Johns Hopkins University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law › International Environmental Law and Policies
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Climate Change Policy and Economics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Sustainability and Climate Change Governance
- Keywords
- Paris Agreement, subnational climate action, climate governance, climate policy
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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