Cited by 598Cardiovascular and exercise physiologyMuscle metabolism and nutritionMetabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer

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Glucose metabolism during leg exercise in man

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Wahren, John, Felig, Philip, Ahlborg, Gunvor, Jorfeldt, Lennart·1971·Journal of Clinical Investigation

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Abstract

Arterial concentrations and net substrate exchange across the leg and splanchnic vascular bed were determined for glucose, lactate, pyruvate, and glycerol in healthy postabsorptive subjects at rest and during 40 min of exercise on a bicycle ergometer at work intensities of 400, 800, and 1200 kg-m/min. Rising arterial glucose levels and small decreases in plasma insulin concentrations were found during heavy exercise. Significant arterial-femoral venous differences for glucose were demonstrated both at rest and during exercise, their magnitude increasing with work intensity as well as duration of the exercise performed. Estimated glucose uptake by the leg increased 7-fold after 40 min of light exercise and 10- to 20-fold at moderate to heavy exercise. Blood glucose uptake could at this time account for 28-37% of total substrate oxidation by leg muscle and 75-89% of the estimated carbohydrate oxidation. Splanchnic glucose production increased progressively during exercise reaching levels 3 to 5-fold above resting values at the heavy work loads. Close agreement was observed between estimates of total glucose turnover during exercise based on leg glucose uptake and splanchnic glucose production. Hepatic gluconeogenesis-estimated from splanchnic removal of lactate, pyruvate, glycerol, and glycogenic amino acids-could supply a maximum of 25% of the resting hepatic glucose production but could account for only 6-11% of splanchnic glucose production after 40 min of moderate to heavy exercise. IT IS CONCLUDED THAT: (a) blood glucose becomes an increasingly important substrate for muscle oxidation during prolonged exercise of this type: (b) peripheral glucose utilization increases in exercise despite a reduction in circulating insulin levels: (c) increased hepatic output of glucose, primarily by means of augmented glycogenolysis, contributes to blood glucose homeostasis in exercise and provides an important source of substrate for exercising muscle.

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Authors: Wahren, J., Felig, P., Ahlborg, G., & Jorfeldt, L.
Affiliations: Karolinska Institutet (SE)
Venue: Journal of Clinical Investigation
Publisher: American Society for Clinical Investigation
Published: 1971-12-01
Volume: 50
Issue: 12
Pages: 2715-2725
ISSN: 0021-9738 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1172/jci106772
PMC: PMC292221
OpenAlex: W2011985622
Cited by: 598
References: 63
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 5
FWCI: 21.19
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: Journal of Clinical Investigation (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Medical Research Council
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
Keywords: glucose metabolism, leg exercise, glucose uptake, hepatic gluconeogenesis, glycogenolysis, insulin, blood glucose, carbohydrate oxidation, lactate, pyruvate, glycerol, blood flow, exercise intensity, blood glucose homeostasis
MeSH terms: Abdomen, Adult, Blood Glucose, Physical Exertion, Fatty Acids, Nonesterified, Glucose, Glycerol, Heart Rate, Humans, Insulin, Lactates, Leg, Liver, Male, Methods, Muscles, Oxygen, Oxygen Consumption, Pyruvates, Regional Blood Flow, Rest, Time Factors

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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

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Glucose metabolism during leg exercise in man

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