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Cited by 393

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The therapeutic potential of modulating the ceramide/sphingomyelin pathway

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Richard Kolesnick·2002·Journal of Clinical Investigation

Abstract

Membrane lipids of the sphingolipid class contain a long-chain sphingoid base backbone (such as sphingosine), an amide-linked, long-chain fatty acid, and one of various polar head groups. The structure of these head groups defines the various sphingolipid subtypes, with a hydroxyl group found in ceramide, phosphorylcholine in sphingomyelin (SM), and carbohydrates in glycosphingolipids (Figure ​(Figure11 and not shown). Because SM is concentrated in the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane and provides a barrier to the extracellular environment (1), it was long assumed to serve only structural roles. However, in 1987 our laboratory reported for the first time rapid sphingomyelinase (SMase) activation in response to 1,2-diacylglycerols but not phorbol esters (2), and proposed the existence of an SM-based signaling pathway (3, 4). Subsequently, Hannun and coworkers showed that this pathway can be activated by receptor-mediated mechanisms (5) and provided evidence that ceramide is a second messenger (6). Indeed, sphingolipid metabolism has proved to be a dynamic process, and sphingolipid metabolites — including ceramide, sphingosine, and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) — are now recognized as messengers playing essential roles in cell growth, survival, and death (7, 8). Figure 1 Schematic representation of sphingolipid intermediary metabolism.

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Metadata

Authors
Kolesnick, R.
Venue
Journal of Clinical Investigation
Publisher
American Society for Clinical Investigation
Published
2002-07-01
Volume
110
Issue
1
Pages
3-8
ISSN
0021-9738 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2093847817
Cited by
393
References
55
FWCI
9.61
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The therapeutic potential of modulating the ceramide/sphingomyelin pathway. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1172/jci16127
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Kolesnick, R. (2002). The therapeutic potential of modulating the ceramide/sphingomyelin pathway. Journal of Clinical Investigation. https://doi.org/10.1172/jci16127

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