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Glucocorticoids suppress bone formation via the osteoclast.
Open accessAbstract
The pathogenesis of glucocorticoid-induced (GC-induced) bone loss is unclear. For example, osteoblast apoptosis is enhanced by GCs in vivo, but they stimulate bone formation in vitro. This conundrum suggests that an intermediary cell transmits a component of the bone-suppressive effects of GCs to osteoblasts in the intact animal. Bone remodeling is characterized by tethering of the activities of osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Hence, the osteoclast is a potential modulator of the effect of GCs on osteoblasts. To define the direct impact of GCs on bone-resorptive cells, we compared the effects of dexamethasone (DEX) on WT osteoclasts with those derived from mice with disruption of the GC receptor in osteoclast lineage cells (GRoc-/- mice). While the steroid prolonged longevity of osteoclasts, their bone-degrading capacity was suppressed. The inhibitory effect of DEX on bone resorption reflects failure of osteoclasts to organize their cytoskeleton in response to M-CSF. DEX specifically arrested M-CSF activation of RhoA, Rac, and Vav3, each of which regulate the osteoclast cytoskeleton. In all circumstances GRoc-/- mice were spared the impact of DEX on osteoclasts and their precursors. Consistent with osteoclasts modulating the osteoblast-suppressive effect of DEX, GRoc-/- mice are protected from the steroid's inhibition of bone formation.
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“DEX was recently shown to prolong the lifespan of osteoclasts, while decreasing their individual capacity to degrade bone (257).”
From Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor κB Ligand and Osteoprotegerin Regulation of Bone Remodeling in Health and Disease (2008) · cites this paper as [257]
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Osteonecrosis Development Post Covid-19 Infection
Daltro, G. D. C. (2021) · Journal of Regenerative Biology and Medicine · doi:10.37191/mapsci-2582-385x-3(5)-087 · Cited by 7
Effects of Chronic Stress and Alendronate Therapy on the Osseointegration of Titanium Implants
Neto, N. C., de Andrade, C. R., Spolidório, L. C., Planeta, C. S., Cruz, F. C., Bastos, A. D. S., & Marcantônio, É. (2013) · Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research · doi:10.1111/cid.12046 · Cited by 7
Voluntary wheel running mitigates the stress-induced bone loss in ovariectomized rats
Lertsinthai, P., Charoenphandhu, J., Suntornsaratoon, P., Krishnamra, N., & Charoenphandhu, N. (2014) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism · doi:10.1007/s00774-014-0597-3 · Cited by 7
“formation, the elevated glucocorticoid level, which is known to suppress both osteoblast and osteoclast activities [31], cannot fully account for the observed CAS-induced bone loss.”
BackgroundRamli, E. S. M. (2018) · Medicine & health · doi:10.17576/mh.2018.1301.17 · Cited by 7
“Keywords: antioxidant, biomechanical, bone, histomorphometry, trabecular formation and increase bone resorption (O’Brien et al. 2004; Kim et al. 2006).”
BackgroundZhu, H. J., Wang, M., Zhao, C., Li, R., Yang, J., Pei, G., Ye, T., Zuo, X., Liu, L., Shin, O. L.-S. C. L., et al. (2018) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 7
Park, H. J., Kim, H. S., & Chung, D. H. (2010) · Immune Network · doi:10.4110/in.2010.10.1.26 · Cited by 6
Self-citationDiagnosis and therapeutic approach to bone health in patients with hypopituitarism
Kuliczkowska-Płaksej, J., Zdrojowy-Wełna, A., Jawiarczyk-Przybyłowska, A., Gojny, Ł., & Bolanowski, M. (2024) · Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders · doi:10.1007/s11154-024-09878-w · Cited by 6
“However, osteoclasts differ - entiation is inhibited during prolonged treatment with high doses of GC [11, 197, 198].”
Henning, P., Conaway, H. H., & Lerner, U. H. (2022) · Vitamins and hormones · doi:10.1016/bs.vh.2022.04.005 · Cited by 8
An Update on Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw in Patients with Osteoporosis
Bennett, B., Tahir, H., Solanki, K., & Ali, N. (2023) · EMJ Rheumatology · doi:10.33590/emjrheumatol/10300262 · Cited by 6
Mechanism of Induction of P-gp Activity During MET Induced by DEX in Lung Cancer Cell Line
Liu, W., Zhang, X., Sunakawa, H., Perera, L. M. B., Martha, L., Mizoi, K., & Ogihara, T. (2024) · Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.xphs.2024.02.027 · Cited by 6
Venkatasamy, R., & Spina, D. (2007) · Expert Review of Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1586/1744666x.3.3.365 · Cited by 6
Lokale und systemische Knocheneffekte bei rheumatoider Arthritis
Rauner, M., Hofbauer, L. C., & Aringer, M. (2012) · Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie · doi:10.1007/s00393-011-0927-y · Cited by 7
Glucocorticoid-induced Osteoporosis; Update
Kim, S., & Kim, H. J. (2009) · The Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association · doi:10.4055/jkoa.2009.44.2.151 · Cited by 6
Self-citationHossein‐Nezhad, A., Nikoo, M. K., Mirzaei, K., Mokhtarei, F., & Meybodi, H. R. A. (2010) · European Journal of Inflammation · doi:10.1177/1721727x1000800203 · Cited by 6
Li, X., Yang, X., Liu, Z., Liu, H., Lv, H., Li, X., Xu, X., & Shen, Y. (2025) · Chemical Biology & Drug Design · doi:10.1111/cbdd.70069 · Cited by 6
“At the cellular level, this injury is attributed to a disruption in bone remodeling, a process involving bone-resorbing osteoclasts (OC) and bone-forming osteoblasts (OB) (Chotiyarnwong and McCloskey 2020; Kim et al. 2006; Matsuo 2014).”
Kim, H., Lee, D.-K., Jin, X., Che, X., & Choi, J. (2020) · PubMed · doi:10.14348/molcells.2020.2260 · Cited by 5
“Moreover, these findings are in agreement with our previous observations that impaired spreading in osteoclasts mirrors osteoclast cytoskeleton disorganization (Hong et al., 2011; Kim et al., 2006; 2014; 2016).”
ResultSelf-citationPang, K., Wang, S., Li, M., & Zhou, Z. (2021) · Frontiers in Veterinary Science · doi:10.3389/fvets.2021.746087 · Cited by 5
“FHN evaluation score 0, The normal femoral head with integral structure; FHN evaluation score 1, The femoral head separating from articular cartilage without any visible damage to the growth plate; FHN evaluation score 2, Femoral head separation with laceration of the growth plate (38).”
BackgroundResultExpression of long noncoding RNA Xist is induced by glucocorticoids
Su, Y., Chen, X., Zhou, H., Shaw, S., Chen, J., Isales, C. M., Zhao, J., & Shi, X. (2022) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2022.1005944 · Cited by 5
“Conditional GR knockout (GR cKO) mice were generated by breeding a GR-floxed (GR) mouse (28) with a 3.”
MethodOsteoporosis and risk of fracture in heart transplant patients
Forien, M., Coralli, R., Verdonk, C. G., Ottaviani, S., Ebstein, E., Demaria, L., Palazzo, É., Dorent, R., & Dieudé, P. (2023) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2023.1252966 · Cited by 6
“Glucocorticoids reduce bone formation (16), induce apoptosis of osteoblasts and osteocytes (17), increase bone resorption and reduce intestinal calcium absorption (18).”
BackgroundZhang, L., & Mager, D. E. (2018) · Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.xphs.2018.11.024 · Cited by 5
Hatano, M., Kitajima, I., Nakamura, M., Isawa, K., Suwabe, T., Hoshino, J., Kinowaki, K., Ohashi, K., Sawa, N., Yamamoto, S., et al. (2021) · Modern Rheumatology Case Reports · doi:10.1093/mrcr/rxab028 · Cited by 5
“In addition, glucocorticoids suppress bone formation via osteoclasts [9].”
BackgroundNuclear receptors in osteoclasts
Bae, S., Zeng, S. L., & Park‐Min, K. (2020) · Current Opinion in Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.coph.2020.03.002 · Cited by 5
Osteogenic Evaluation of Hydroxyapatite Scaffold Loaded With Dexamethasone in Femoral Drill Holes
Park, M., JANG, S. J., & Choi, S. H. (2020) · In Vivo · doi:10.21873/invivo.11980 · Cited by 4
Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral Bone Disease Biomarkers in Kidney Transplant Patients
Hasparyk, Ú. G., Vigil, F. M. B., Bartolomei, V. S., Nunes, V. M., & Silva, A. C. S. E. (2022) · Current Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.2174/0929867329666220318105856 · Cited by 4
From Stem to Sternum: The Role of Shp2 in the Skeleton
Jensen, N. R., Kelly, R. R., Kelly, K. D., Khoo, S. K., Sidles, S. J., & LaRue, A. C. (2022) · Calcified Tissue International · doi:10.1007/s00223-022-01042-3 · Cited by 4
Impairment of rat tooth eruption in pups born to mothers exposed to chronic stress during pregnancy
Fontanetti, P. A., Lucca, R. C. D., Mandalunis, P., & Vermouth, N. T. (2013) · Archives of Oral Biology · doi:10.1016/j.archoralbio.2013.08.003 · Cited by 4
“Whereas some authors have associated GCs to an increase in bone resorption,(43,44) others have found GCs to be associated with an inhibition of bone resorption, by means of a decrease in the number of osteoclasts and preosteoclasts,(45) the promotion of osteoclast apoptosis(46) or exerting an inhibitory effect on the…”
ResultIn vivo Toxicological Studies on Methanol Leaf Extract of Lantana camara
Abonyi, O. E. (2015) · Cited by 4
Metadata
- Authors
- Kim, H.-J.
- Affiliations
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kim, H.-J.
- ORCID
- Kim, H.-J.
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Investigation
- Published
- 2006-08-01
- Volume
- 116
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 2152-2160
- ISSN
- 0021-9738 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC1518793
- OpenAlex
- W2102680446
- Cited by
- 384
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 25
- FWCI
- 11.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Investigation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Digital Commons@Becker (Washington University School of Medicine) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (DK 056341, AR046523)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (AI50655, R01AI050655, R21AI050655)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK 056341, P30DK056341)
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (AR 048853, AR 046852, AR 032788, R01AR048812, AR 048812, R01AR032788, R37AR046523, AR046523, R01AR048853, R01AR046852, R01AR046523)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bone Metabolism and Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Endocrinology › Estrogen and related hormone effects
- Keywords
- glucocorticoids, glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis, osteoclasts, bone formation, dexamethasone, glucocorticoid receptor, RhoA, Rac, Vav3, osteoclast precursors, bone remodeling, osteoblast apoptosis
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Bone Development, Bone Resorption, Cell Survival, Dexamethasone, Glucocorticoids, Osteoclasts, Receptors, Glucocorticoid, Mice, Knockout, Mice
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