Cited by 1,216Regulation of Appetite and ObesityNeuropeptides and Animal PhysiologyHypothalamic control of reproductive hormones

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Gastrointestinal regulation of food intake

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Cummings, David E., Overduin, Joost·2007·Journal of Clinical Investigation

DOI 10.1172/jci30227PMC PMC1716217

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Abstract

Despite substantial fluctuations in daily food intake, animals maintain a remarkably stable body weight, because overall caloric ingestion and expenditure are exquisitely matched over long periods of time, through the process of energy homeostasis. The brain receives hormonal, neural, and metabolic signals pertaining to body-energy status and, in response to these inputs, coordinates adaptive alterations of energy intake and expenditure. To regulate food consumption, the brain must modulate appetite, and the core of appetite regulation lies in the gut-brain axis. This Review summarizes current knowledge regarding the neuroendocrine regulation of food intake by the gastrointestinal system, focusing on gastric distention, intestinal and pancreatic satiation peptides, and the orexigenic gastric hormone ghrelin. We highlight mechanisms governing nutrient sensing and peptide secretion by enteroendocrine cells, including novel taste-like pathways. The increasingly nuanced understanding of the mechanisms mediating gut-peptide regulation and action provides promising targets for new strategies to combat obesity and diabetes.

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Authors: Cummings, D. E., & Overduin, J.
Affiliations: University of Washington (US)
Corresponding author: Cummings, David E.
Venue: Journal of Clinical Investigation
Publisher: American Society for Clinical Investigation
Published: 2007-01-02
Volume: 117
Issue: 1
Pages: 13-23
ISSN: 0021-9738 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1172/jci30227
PMC: PMC1716217
OpenAlex: W2082113374
Cited by: 1,216
References: 129
Citations by year: 2026: 34 · 2025: 46 · 2024: 35 · 2023: 36 · 2022: 44 · 2021: 64 · 2020: 52 · 2019: 54 · 2018: 61 · 2017: 54 · 2016: 67 · 2015: 76 · 2014: 88 · 2013: 66 · 2012: 93
FWCI: 9.34
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: Journal of Clinical Investigation (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: University of Washington
National Institutes of Health
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P01DK68384, R01DK-61516, R01DK061516, P01DK068384)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
Keywords: food intake regulation, energy homeostasis, gut-brain axis, appetite, gastric distension, satiety peptides, ghrelin, enteroendocrine cells, nutrient sensing, obesity, diabetes mellitus
MeSH terms: Adipose Tissue, Energy Intake, Homeostasis, Humans, Models, Biological, Satiety Response, Peptide YY, Peptide Hormones, Gastrointestinal Tract, Ghrelin

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