Central nervous system control of food intake and body weight
Abstract
The capacity to adjust food intake in response to changing energy requirements is essential for survival. Recent progress has provided an insight into the molecular, cellular and behavioural mechanisms that link changes of body fat stores to adaptive adjustments of feeding behaviour. The physiological importance of this homeostatic control system is highlighted by the severe obesity that results from dysfunction of any of several of its key components. This new information provides a biological context within which to consider the global obesity epidemic and identifies numerous potential avenues for therapeutic intervention and future research.
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AOMs are indicated as an adjunct to lifestyle modification for individuals with a BMI of 27 kg/m2 or greater with at least one weight-related complication or those with a BMI of 30 kg/m2 or greater.
“AOMs are indicated as an adjunct to lifestyle modification for individuals with a body mass index (BMI) of 27 kg/m 2 or greater with at least one weight-related complication or those with a BMI of 30 kg/m 2 or greater [16]”
From Nutritional considerations with antiobesity medications (2024) · cites this paper as [16]
The neurohormonal network regulates appetite, active energy expenditure, and basal metabolic rate.
“This network regulates appetite, active energy expenditure, and basal metabolic rate, and it is made up of a complex network of central (e.g., cortical centers that control cognitive, visual, and “reward” cues) and peripheral (e.g., satiety and hunger hormones) signals [87,88].”
From The Pathophysiology of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (2018) · cites this paper as [87]
Neurohormonal dysfunction is implicated in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance diseases such as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
“Neurohormonal dysfunction has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diseases of insulin resistance, such as that present in GDM.”
From The Pathophysiology of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (2018) · cites this paper as [87]
AgRP neurons are stimulated by hunger signals.
“and they are stimulated by hunger signals [21, 22]”
From Chronic unpredictable stress induces depression-related behaviors by suppressing AgRP neuron activity (2021) · cites this paper as [21]
Leptin and insulin resistance are common in obesity and may play a role in poor appetite control.
“Leptin and insulin resistance are common in obesity and, considering their important functions in homeostatic processes, may play a role in poor appetite control [11].”
From Homeostatic and Circadian Control of Food Intake: Clinical Strategies to Prevent Overconsumption (2013) · cites this paper as [11]
Meal-related humoral signals can be modulated by long-term homeostatic signals influenced by body energy stores, namely leptin, insulin, and ghrelin.
“In addition, these meal-related humeral signals can be modulated by the more tonic, or long-term, homeostatic signals which are influenced by body energy stores, namely leptin, insulin [11,12], and ghrelin [13].”
From Homeostatic and Circadian Control of Food Intake: Clinical Strategies to Prevent Overconsumption (2013) · cites this paper as [11]
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- Authors
- Morton, G. J., Cummings, D. E., Baskin, D. G., Barsh, G. S., & Schwartz, M. W.
- Affiliations
- University of Washington (US)
- Stanford Medicine (US)
- Corresponding author
- Schwartz, M. W.
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2006-09
- Volume
- 443
- Issue
- 7109
- Pages
- 289-295
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- OpenAlex
- W2079395662
- Cited by
- 2,503
- References
- 76
- Citations by year
- 2026: 66 · 2025: 79 · 2024: 75 · 2023: 84 · 2022: 107 · 2021: 123 · 2020: 115 · 2019: 118 · 2018: 141 · 2017: 164 · 2016: 161 · 2015: 150 · 2014: 157 · 2013: 182 · 2012: 172
- FWCI
- 10.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- M.J. Murdock Charitable Trust
- National Institutes of Health
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Keywords
- food intake regulation, weight management, energy homeostasis, central nervous system, obesity, leptin, satiety, feeding behaviour, body fat stores, anti-obesity drugs, neuronal receptors
- MeSH terms
- Adipose Tissue, Body Weight, Central Nervous System, Feeding Behavior, Neuronal Plasticity, Satiety Response
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