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Protein–protein interaction in insulin signaling and the molecular mechanisms of insulin resistance
Open accessAbstract
Perspective Figure 1 Schematic illustration of major signaling pathways of insulin action.The phosphorylated insulin receptor binds and phosphorylates IRS proteins and Shc, which bind differentially to various downstream signaling proteins.PI3-kinase is critical for metabolic actions of insulin, such as glucose transport, glycogen synthesis, and protein synthesis, whereas Grb-2/SOS complex, which activates the MAP kinase cascade, is critical in mitogenic response.PI3-kinase probably modulates the mitogenic response as well.This series continues from the March 1999, no.6, issue.
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“Inhibitors of PI3K impair glucose transport and block the activation of glycogen synthase and hexokinase- (HK-) II expression [138–146]”
From Pathogenesis of insulin resistance in skeletal muscle (2010) · cites this paper as [143]
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“The phosphorylated tyrosine residues of IRS-1 mediate an association with the 85-kDa regulatory subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), leading to activation of the enzyme [138–140, 143, 144].”
From Pathogenesis of insulin resistance in skeletal muscle (2010) · cites this paper as [143]
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“As such, these tissues have been used in studies of genetic muscule diseases(10) and cardiac grafting,(11) in microgravity experiments to study the effects of low-gravity environments on muscles,(12) and, as major target cells of insulin action, in studies on their role in diabetes mellitus.(13,14) In recent years, sk…”
MethodOxidative Stress in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Abdul‐Ghani, M. A., & DeFronzo, R. A. (2008) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-59745-420-9_11 · Cited by 10
“In muscle, IRS-1 serves as the major docking protein that interacts with the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase and undergoes tyrosine phosphorylation in regions containing amino acid sequence motifs (YXXM or YMXM) that, when phosphorylated, serve as recognition sites for proteins containing src-homology 2 (SH2) domains…”
BackgroundTopology Mapping of Insulin-Regulated Glucose Transporter GLUT4 Using Computational Biology
Chakraborty, C., Bandyopadhyay, S., Maulik, U., & Agoramoorthy, G. (2013) · Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics · doi:10.1007/s12013-013-9644-2 · Cited by 10
Electrochemically monitoring the binding of concanavalin A and ovalbumin
Sugawara, K., Yugami, A., Kadoya, T., & Hosaka, K. (2011) · Talanta · doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2011.04.003 · Cited by 10
Ym, H., Qj, L., Ry, W., Cao, Y.-P., Zhang, Y., & Lf, Z. (2015) · PubMed · Cited by 10
Sundaresan, A., Radhiga, T., & Pugalendi, K. V. (2016) · Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1007/s13105-016-0484-6 · Cited by 11
“Insulin resistance is a central feature of many physiological and pathological states and can be the result of a wide variety of biochemical defects in the insulin action cascade [38].”
BackgroundDominant Negative α-Subunit of FTase Inhibits Effects of Insulin and IGF-I in MCF-7 Cells
Solomon, C. S., & Goalstone, M. L. (2002) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1006/bbrc.2002.6471 · Cited by 10
Dozio, N., Sarugeri, E., Scavini, M., Beretta, A., Belloni, C., Dosio, F., Savi, A., Fazio, F., Sodoyez‐Goffaux, F., & Pozza, G. (2001) · Journal of Investigative Medicine · doi:10.2310/6650.2001.34094 · Cited by 10
Looking for an insulin pill? Use the BRET methodology!
Issad, T., Boute, N., Boubekeur, S., Lacasa, D., & Siquier-Pernet, K. (2003) · Diabetes & Metabolism · doi:10.1016/s1262-3636(07)70016-2 · Cited by 10
“This stimulates the tyrosine kinase activity of the receptor towards intracellular substrates that play crucial roles in the transmission of the signal [2-4].”
BackgroundJiang, J. G., Shen, G. F., Li, J., Qiao, C., Xiao, B., Yan, H. M., Wang, D. W., & Xiao, X. (2016) · Gene Therapy · doi:10.1038/gt.2016.85 · Cited by 9
Benedet, P. O., Safikhan, N., Pereira, M. J., Lum, B. M., Botezelli, J. D., Kuo, C., Wu, H., Craddock, B. P., Miller, W. T., Eriksson, J. W., et al. (2023) · EBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104906 · Cited by 9
“,61 – 66 These are located in the cell or cell membrane, where they variably modulate IR activity and insulin sensitivity.”
BackgroundSyndromes of Extreme Insulin Resistance
Grunberger, G., & Alfonso, B. (2009) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-09841-8_17 · Cited by 9
Molecular Basis of Insulin Resistance and Its Relation to Metabolic Syndrome
Arora, S. (2012) · InTech eBooks · doi:10.5772/50337 · Cited by 9
Kabuta, T., Take, K., Kabuta, C., Hakuno, F., & Takahashi, S. (2008) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.09.106 · Cited by 9
“Activation of the downstream signaling pathways triggered by these molecules has been reported to mediate the various biological effects of insulin and IGF, such as metabolic regulation, and induction of cell growth or differentiation [4].”
BackgroundFurlong, F. M., Finlay, D., & Martin, F. (2005) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.08.260 · Cited by 9
Cao, D., Ouyang, S., Liu, Z., Ma, F., & Wu, J. (2014) · Endocrine Journal · doi:10.1507/endocrj.ej13-0444 · Cited by 9
“In recent years, numerous studies have revealed abundant information about the molecular mechanism of IR [3, 4].”
Modulation of Growth Factor Receptors in Membrane Microdomains
Inokuchi, J., & Kabayama, K. (2008) · Trends in Glycoscience and Glycotechnology · doi:10.4052/tigg.20.353 · Cited by 9
Insulin Signaling in Adipocytes Differentiated from Mouse Stromal MC3T3-G2/PA6 Cells
Morito, S., Yaguchi, K., Imada, M., Tachikawa, C., Nomura, M., Moritani, S., Igarashi, M., Yokogawa, K., & Miyamoto, K. (2005) · Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin · doi:10.1248/bpb.28.2040 · Cited by 9
Jin, U., Kang, Y., Chang, Y., & Kim, C. (2007) · Journal of Cellular Biochemistry · doi:10.1002/jcb.21462 · Cited by 9
“These events lead to activation of multiple signaling pathways including glucose uptake, glycogen synthesis, mitogenesis, or gene expression [Virkamaki et al., 1999; Pederson et al., 2001; Jiang et al., 2004].”
BackgroundChoi, W. S., & Sung, C. K. (2004) · Journal of Receptors and Signal Transduction · doi:10.1081/rrs-120034229 · Cited by 9
“Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) is a crucial enzyme implicated in many biological functions of insulin in cells including glucose transport, glycogen synthesis, protein synthesis and mitogenesis (1,2).”
BackgroundInfluentialInsulin-sensitising agents: beyond thiazolidinediones
Petrie, J. R., & Perry, C. G. (2002) · Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs · doi:10.1517/14728214.7.1.165 · Cited by 9
Mechanisms of Insulin Signal Transduction
Garvey, W. T. (2004) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/0470862092.d0301 · Cited by 10
Cloning of the Mouse Insulin Receptor Substrate-3 (mIRS-3) Promoter, and Its Regulation by p53
Sciacchitano, S., Orecchio, A., Lavra, L., Misiti, S., Giacchini, A., Zani, M., Danese, D., Gurtner, A., Soddu, S., Mario, U. D., et al. (2002) · Molecular Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/me.16.7.1577 · Cited by 9
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Kumar, V., Sharma, N., Mishra, V. K., Mall, S., Kumar, A., Dev, K., & Patel, C. (2025) · Chemistry & Biodiversity · doi:10.1002/cbdv.202403368 · Cited by 9
Hung, A., Leury, B. J., Sabin, M. A., Fahri, F., DiGiacomo, K., Lien, T., & Dunshea, F. R. (2020) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani10091685 · Cited by 8
“Serine phosphorylation of IRS1 can decrease IRS1 activity, due to conformational changes, causing IRS1 to be unable to associate with IR [37].”
BackgroundEffects of pulsatile secretion of growth hormone (GH) on fat deposition in human GH transgenic rats
Furuhata, Y., Nishihara, M., & Takahashi, M. (2002) · Nutrition Research Reviews · doi:10.1079/nrr200243 · Cited by 8
“In addition, the studies of GHD subjects have shown increased fat accumulation, which is one of the major risk factors for developing non-insulindependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) with insulin resistance (Kopelman, 2000); insulin resistance can occur in the state of GH deficiency.”
BackgroundInfluentialProteomics and Precision Medicine
Ding, C., Qin, Z., Li, Y., Shi, W., Li, L., Zhan, D., & Yang, W. (2019) · Small Methods · doi:10.1002/smtd.201900075 · Cited by 9
Poorgholam, P., Yaghmaei, P., Noureddini, M., & Zahra, H. (2021) · Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis · doi:10.21307/ane-2021-013 · Cited by 8
Preoperative feeding does not reverse postoperative insulin resistance in skeletal muscle in the rat
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Metadata
- Authors
- Virkamäki, A., Ueki, K., & Kahn, C. R.
- Affiliations
- Joslin Diabetes Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kahn, C. Ronald
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Investigation
- Published
- 1999-04-01
- Volume
- 103
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 931-943
- ISSN
- 0021-9738 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC408269
- OpenAlex
- W2095252238
- Cited by
- 854
- References
- 176
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 26 · 2014: 24 · 2013: 27 · 2012: 31
- FWCI
- 4.88
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Investigation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- European Foundation for the Study of Diabetes
- National Institutes of Health (DK31036)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R37DK031036, DK 33201, R01DK031036, DK45935, DK31036, R01DK045935, R01DK033201)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in cancer
- Keywords
- insulin signaling, insulin resistance, protein-protein interaction, insulin receptor, Shc, PI3-kinase, MAP kinase cascade, glucose transport, glycogen synthesis, mitogen response
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Humans, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Phosphorylation, Protein Binding, Receptor, Insulin, Signal Transduction, Gene Targeting, src Homology Domains, Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases
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