The DOI matches its Crossref record; 4 of the 4 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Evolution of the 2002/03 El Niño*
Abstract
An El Nino of moderate intensity developed in the tropical Pacific in 2002/03. This event, though not as strong as the 1997/98 El Nino, had significant impacts on patterns of weather variability worldwide. The evolution of the 2002/03 El Nino is documented through comprehensive satellite and in situ observations from the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Observing System. These observations underscore the importance of both episodic atmospheric forcing and large-scale low-frequency ocean–atmosphere interactions in the development of the event.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The amount of carbon released from peat and forest fires in Indonesia during 1997
Page, S. E., Siegert, F., Rieley, J. O., Boehm, H.-D. V., Jaya, A., & Limin, S. (2002) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature01131 · Cited by 1,885
Biological and Chemical Response of the Equatorial Pacific Ocean to the 1997-98 El Niño
Chavez, F. P., Strutton, P. G., Friederich, G. E., Feely, R. A., Feldman, G. C., Foley, D. G., & McPhaden, M. J. (1999) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.286.5447.2126 · Cited by 642
Self-citationEl Niño Southern Oscillation and tuna in the western Pacific
Lehodey, P., Bertignac, M., Hampton, J., Lewis, A., & Picaut, J. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/39575 · Cited by 494
(2003) · doi:10.1175/1520-0442(2003)016
Cited by
El Niño Modoki and its possible teleconnection
Ashok, K., Behera, S. K., Rao, S. A., Weng, H., & Yamagata, T. (2007) · Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans · doi:10.1029/2006jc003798 · Cited by 2,721
Zhang, C. (2005) · Reviews of Geophysics · doi:10.1029/2004rg000158 · Cited by 2,178
The NCEP Climate Forecast System
Saha, S., Nadiga, S., Thiaw, C., Wang, J., Wang, W., Zhang, Q., Van den Dool, H. M., Pan, H.-L., Moorthi, S., Behringer, D., et al. (2006) · Journal of Climate · doi:10.1175/jcli3812.1 · Cited by 1,120
Climate impacts of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation on South America
Cai, W., McPhaden, M. J., Grimm, A. M., Rodrigues, R. R., Taschetto, A. S., Garreaud, R. D., Dewitte, B., Poveda, G., Ham, Y.-G., Santoso, A., et al. (2020) · Nature Reviews Earth & Environment · doi:10.1038/s43017-020-0040-3 · Cited by 782
Self-citationMadden–Julian Oscillation: Bridging Weather and Climate
Zhang, C. (2013) · Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society · doi:10.1175/bams-d-12-00026.1 · Cited by 727
Metadata
- Authors
- McPhaden, M. J.
- Venue
- Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
- Publisher
- American Meteorological Society
- Published
- 2004-05
- Volume
- 85
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 677-696
- ISSN
- 0003-0007 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-0477
- OpenAlex
- W2011572940
- Cited by
- 362
- References
- 4
- FWCI
- 26.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Evolution of the 2002/03 El Niño*. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1175/bams-85-5-677
- The paper
- McPhaden, M. J. (2004). Evolution of the 2002/03 El Niño*. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. https://doi.org/10.1175/bams-85-5-677
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
