Cited by 531Workplace Health and Well-beingMental Health Treatment and AccessTreatment of Major Depression

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Job Performance Deficits Due to Depression

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Adler, David A., McLaughlin, Thomas J., Rogers, William H., Chang, Hong, Lapitsky, Leueen, Lerner, Debra·2006·American Journal of Psychiatry

DOI 10.1176/ajp.2006.163.9.1569PMC PMC4269259

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Abstract

Objective: This study assessed the relationship between depression severity and job performance among employed primary care patients. Method: In a 2001–2004 longitudinal observational study of depression’s affect on work productivity, 286 patients with DSM-IV major depressive disorder and/or dysthymia were compared to 93 individuals with rheumatoid arthritis, a condition associated with work disability, and 193 depression-free healthy control subjects. Participants were employed at least 15 hours per week, did not plan to stop working, and had no major medical comorbidities. Measures at baseline, six, 12, and 18 months included the Work Limitations Questionnaire for work outcomes, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 for depression. Results: At baseline and each follow-up, the depression group had significantly greater deficits in managing mental-interpersonal, time, and output tasks, as measured by the Work Limitations Questionnaire: The rheumatoid arthritis group’s deficits in managing physical job demands surpassed those of either the depression or comparison groups. Improvements in job performance were predicted by symptom severity. However, the job performance of even the “clinically improved” subset of depressed patients remained consistently worse than the control groups. Conclusions: Multiple dimensions of job performance are impaired by depression. This impact persisted after symptoms have improved. Efforts to reduce work-impairment secondary to depression are needed.

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Authors: Adler, D. A., McLaughlin, T. J., Rogers, W. H., Chang, H., Lapitsky, L., & Lerner, D.
Affiliations: Tufts Medical Center (US)
Corresponding author: Adler, David A.
Venue: American Journal of Psychiatry
Publisher: American Psychiatric Association Publishing
Published: 2006-09
Volume: 163
Issue: 9
Pages: 1569-1576
ISSN: 0002-953X (ISSN-L)
1535-7228
DOI: 10.1176/ajp.2006.163.9.1569
PMC: PMC4269259
OpenAlex: W2115206348
Cited by: 531
References: 39
Citations by year: 2026: 10 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 30 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 34 · 2015: 36 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 32 · 2012: 37
FWCI: 34.59
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: American Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: Tufts Medical Center
National Institute of Mental Health (R34MH072735, R01MH58243, R01MH058243)
National Center for Research Resources (M01 RR-00054, M01RR000054)
NIH Clinical Center
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Workplace Health and Well-being
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Treatment of Major Depression
Keywords: depression, employee performance, labor productivity, major depressive disorder, dysthymia, rheumatoid arthritis, work disability, symptom severity, primary care patients, Work Limitations Questionnaire, PHQ-9
MeSH terms: Absenteeism, Adult, Arthritis, Rheumatoid, Cross-Sectional Studies, Major Depressive Disorder, Depressive Disorder, Efficiency, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Occupations, Surveys and Questionnaires, Task Performance and Analysis, United States, Work Capacity Evaluation, Prevalence, Dysthymic Disorder

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