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Medication Treatment of Different Types of Alcoholism
Open accessAbstract
Alcoholism remains a serious cause of morbidity and mortality despite progress through neurobiological research in identifying new pharmacological strategies for its treatment. Drugs that affect neural pathways that modulate the activity of the cortico-mesolimbic dopamine system have been shown to alter drinking behavior, presumably because this dopaminergic system is closely associated with rewarding behavior. Ondansetron, naltrexone, topiramate, and baclofen are examples. Subtyping alcoholism in adults into an early-onset type, with chronic symptoms and a strong biological predisposition to the disease, and a late-onset type, typically brought on by psychosocial triggers and associated with mood symptoms, may help in the selection of optimal therapy. Emerging adults with binge drinking patterns also might be aided by selective treatments. Although preliminary work on the pharmacogenetics of alcoholism and its treatment has been promising, the assignment to treatment still depends on clinical assessment. Brief behavioral interventions that encourage the patient to set goals for a reduction in heavy drinking or abstinence also are part of optimal therapy.
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“To prevent the first drink, however, the psychological or cognitive threat is thought to be dominant and active and thus dissuade use [5], [6], [7].”
From Disulfiram Efficacy in the Treatment of Alcohol Dependence: A Meta-Analysis (2014) · cites this paper as [7]
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“Indeed current pharmacological approaches of alcohol-dependence that only target brain neurotransmitters have proved so far to be modestly efficient (Johnson, 2010), eventually because they fail to take into account of intestinal permeability and inflammation as a driving force for the…”
Metadata
- Authors
- Johnson, B. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Virginia (US)
- Corresponding author
- Johnson, Bankole A.
- ORCID
- Johnson, Bankole A.
- Venue
- American Journal of Psychiatry
- Published
- 2010-06-01
- Volume
- 167
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 630-639
- ISSN
- 0002-953X (ISSN-L)
- 1535-7228
- PMC
- PMC2939449
- OpenAlex
- W2142440641
- Cited by
- 151
- References
- 72
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 31
- FWCI
- 14.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- American Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (R01AA010522, R01AA013964, R01AA014628, U10AA011776, R01AA012964)
- National Center for Research Resources (M01RR000847, M01-RR 00847)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Keywords
- alcoholism, pharmacological treatment of alcoholism, dopaminergic system, ondansetron, naltrexone, topiramate, baclofen, early-onset alcoholism, late-onset alcoholism, binge drinking, pharmacogenetics, brief behavioral intervention, abstinence
- MeSH terms
- Topiramate, Adult, Aged, Alcohol Deterrents, Alcoholism, Baclofen, Chronic Disease, Depressive Disorder, Female, Fructose, Humans, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, Limbic System, Male, Naltrexone, Pituitary-Adrenal System, Ondansetron, Prefrontal Cortex, Receptors, Dopamine D2, Receptors, GABA, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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