The DOI matches its Crossref record; 27 of the 27 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; none of the 25 sources its claims cite is checked for support yet.
Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery Among Patients With Borderline Personality Disorder and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-Year Prospective Follow-Up Study
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: The purposes of this study were to determine time to attainment of symptom remission and to recovery lasting 2, 4, 6, or 8 years among patients with borderline personality disorder and comparison subjects with other personality disorders and to determine the stability of these outcomes. METHOD: A total of 290 inpatients with borderline personality disorder and 72 comparison subjects with other axis II disorders were assessed during their index admission using a series of semistructured interviews, which were administered again at eight successive 2-year follow-up sessions. For inclusion in the study, patients with borderline personality disorder had to meet criteria for both the Revised Diagnostic Interview for Borderlines and DSM-III-R. RESULTS: Borderline patients were significantly slower to achieve remission or recovery (which involved good social and vocational functioning as well as symptomatic remission) than axis II comparison subjects. However, by the time of the 16-year follow-up assessment, both groups had achieved similarly high rates of remission (range for borderline patients: 78%-99%; range for axis II comparison subjects: 97%-99%) but not recovery (40%-60% compared with 75%-85%). In contrast, symptomatic recurrence and loss of recovery occurred more rapidly and at substantially higher rates among borderline patients than axis II comparison subjects (recurrence: 10%-36% compared with 4%-7%; loss of recovery: 20%-44% compared with 9%-28%). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that sustained symptomatic remission is substantially more common than sustained recovery from borderline personality disorder and that sustained remissions and recoveries are substantially more difficult for individuals with borderline personality disorder to attain and maintain than for individuals with other forms of personality disorder.
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23 Own result · 16 Not checked yet · 5 Own interpretation · 4 Own method · 1 No basis given
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, it is also clear that borderline patients remitted at a significantly slower pace than axis II comparison subjects.”
- Also stated in: § Discussion · plain
“However, the results of the current study found that remissions, regardless of length, occurred significantly more rapidly for axis II comparison subjects than for borderline patients.”
§ Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery among Borderline Patients and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-year Prospective Follow-up Study > Results
boostedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Rests on an assumption: The borderline and axis II comparison groups are comparable on baseline characteristics that could affect the outcomes, apart from their diagnoses.
- Rests on an assumption: Patients lost to follow-up do not differ systematically from those retained in ways that affect the study's outcome estimates.
- Also stated in: § Discussion · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Axis II comparison subjects reported even lower rates of recurrence, ranging from 7% after a two-year remission to 4% after an eight-year remission.”
§ Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery among Borderline Patients and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-year Prospective Follow-up Study > Discussion
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Rests on an assumption: Patients lost to follow-up do not differ systematically from those retained in ways that affect the study's outcome estimates.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The corresponding rates for those with another personality disorder ranged from 99% to 97%.”
§ Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery among Borderline Patients and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-year Prospective Follow-up Study > Results
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Rests on an assumption: Patients lost to follow-up do not differ systematically from those retained in ways that affect the study's outcome estimates.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In addition, recoveries occurred significantly more slowly for borderline patients than axis II comparison subjects.”
- Also stated in: § Discussion · plain
“The third main finding is that recovery from borderline personality disorder occurred at a lower rate and more slowly than recovery from another personality disorder.”
§ Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery among Borderline Patients and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-year Prospective Follow-up Study > Results
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Rests on an assumption: The borderline and axis II comparison groups are comparable on baseline characteristics that could affect the outcomes, apart from their diagnoses.
- Rests on an assumption: Patients lost to follow-up do not differ systematically from those retained in ways that affect the study's outcome estimates.
- Also stated in: § Discussion · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“By the time of the 16-year follow-up, cumulative rates of recovery for borderline patients ranged from 60% for recoveries lasting two years to 40% for recoveries lasting eight years.”
- Also stated in: § Discussion · plain
“In terms of recoveries lasting two years, 60% of borderline patients and 85% of axis II comparison subjects attained this important outcome. In terms of recoveries lasting eight years, these rates dropped to 40% and 75% respectively.”
§ Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery among Borderline Patients and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-year Prospective Follow-up Study > Results
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Rests on an assumption: Patients lost to follow-up do not differ systematically from those retained in ways that affect the study's outcome estimates.
- Also stated in: § Discussion · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The comparable figures for axis II comparison subjects ranged from 7% to 4%.”
- Also stated in: § Discussion · plain
“Axis II comparison subjects reported even lower rates of recurrence, ranging from 7% after a two-year remission to 4% after an eight-year remission.”
§ Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery among Borderline Patients and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-year Prospective Follow-up Study > Results
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Rests on an assumption: Patients lost to follow-up do not differ systematically from those retained in ways that affect the study's outcome estimates.
- Also stated in: § Discussion · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“For borderline patients, these losses ranged from a high of 44% after a recovery lasting two years to a low of 20% for a recovery lasting eight years.”
- Also stated in: § Discussion · plain
“Rates of loss of recovery after a two-year recovery were 44% for borderline patients and 28% for axis II comparison subjects. Rates of loss of recovery after an eight-year recovery were 20% and 9% respectively.”
§ Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery among Borderline Patients and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-year Prospective Follow-up Study > Results
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Rests on an assumption: Patients lost to follow-up do not differ systematically from those retained in ways that affect the study's outcome estimates.
- Also stated in: § Discussion · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In contrast, symptomatic recurrence (10–36% vs. 4–7%) and loss of recovery (20–44% vs. 9–28%) occurred more rapidly and at substantially higher rates among borderline patients than axis II comparison subjects.”
- Also stated in: § Results · plain
“As can be seen, by the time of the 16-year follow-up, cumulative rates of recurrence for borderline patients ranged from 36% after a two-year remission to 10% after an eight-year remission. The comparable figures for axis II comparison subjects ranged from 7% to 4%.”
§ Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery among Borderline Patients and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-year Prospective Follow-up Study > Abstract > Results
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Rests on an assumption: The borderline and axis II comparison groups are comparable on baseline characteristics that could affect the outcomes, apart from their diagnoses.
- Rests on an assumption: Patients lost to follow-up do not differ systematically from those retained in ways that affect the study's outcome estimates.
- Also stated in: § Results · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, those in both study groups ultimately achieved about the same high rates of remission (borderline patients: 78–99%; axis II comparison subjects: 97–99%) but not recovery (40–60% vs. 75–85%) by the time of the 16-year follow-up.”
- Also stated in: § Discussion · plain
“The first is that remissions lasting two to eight years are extremely common for borderline patients (and axis II comparison subjects).”
§ Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery among Borderline Patients and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-year Prospective Follow-up Study > Abstract > Results
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Rests on an assumption: The borderline and axis II comparison groups are comparable on baseline characteristics that could affect the outcomes, apart from their diagnoses.
- Rests on an assumption: Patients lost to follow-up do not differ systematically from those retained in ways that affect the study's outcome estimates.
- Also stated in: § Discussion · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Borderline patients also experienced a recurrence significantly more rapidly than axis II comparison subjects experienced a recurrence after a two- to six-year remission.”
- Also stated in: § Discussion · plain
“However, the results of the current study found that recurrences occurred significantly more slowly for axis II comparison subjects than for borderline patients.”
§ Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery among Borderline Patients and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-year Prospective Follow-up Study > Results
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Rests on an assumption: The borderline and axis II comparison groups are comparable on baseline characteristics that could affect the outcomes, apart from their diagnoses.
- Rests on an assumption: Patients lost to follow-up do not differ systematically from those retained in ways that affect the study's outcome estimates.
- Also stated in: § Discussion · plain
- It may state two separate claims as one. 6
- Probably not a substantial claim. 6
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The third main finding is that recovery from borderline personality disorder occurred at a lower rate and more slowly than recovery from another personality disorder.”
§ Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery among Borderline Patients and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-year Prospective Follow-up Study > Discussion
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: The borderline and axis II comparison groups are comparable on baseline characteristics that could affect the outcomes, apart from their diagnoses.
- Rests on an assumption: Patients lost to follow-up do not differ systematically from those retained in ways that affect the study's outcome estimates.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“For each length of recovery, about 10% of borderline patients achieved recovery at the first possible time period, while the comparable figure for axis II comparison subjects was about 40%.”
§ Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery among Borderline Patients and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-year Prospective Follow-up Study > Results
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: The borderline and axis II comparison groups are comparable on baseline characteristics that could affect the outcomes, apart from their diagnoses.
- Rests on an assumption: Patients lost to follow-up do not differ systematically from those retained in ways that affect the study's outcome estimates.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“For each length of remission, about 30% of borderline patients achieved remission at the first possible time period, while the comparable figure for axis II comparison subjects was about 85%.”
§ Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery among Borderline Patients and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-year Prospective Follow-up Study > Results
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: The borderline and axis II comparison groups are comparable on baseline characteristics that could affect the outcomes, apart from their diagnoses.
- Rests on an assumption: Patients lost to follow-up do not differ systematically from those retained in ways that affect the study's outcome estimates.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“These between-group differences, while substantial, were not statistically significant.”
- Also stated in: § Discussion · plain
“The fourth main finding is that the loss of recovery was substantially but not significantly more common for borderline patients than axis II comparison subjects, in part due to the relatively small number of events in each group.”
§ Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery among Borderline Patients and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-year Prospective Follow-up Study > Results
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: The borderline and axis II comparison groups are comparable on baseline characteristics that could affect the outcomes, apart from their diagnoses.
- Rests on an assumption: Patients lost to follow-up do not differ systematically from those retained in ways that affect the study's outcome estimates.
- Also stated in: § Discussion · plain
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“They also suggest that sustained remissions and recoveries are substantially more difficult for borderline patients to attain and maintain than those with other forms of personality disorder.”
- Also stated in: § Conclusions · hedged
“Taken together, the results of this study suggest that sustained symptomatic remission is substantially more common than sustained recovery from borderline personality disorder. They also suggest that sustained remissions and recoveries are substantially more difficult for borderline patients to attain and maintain than those with other forms of personality disorder.”
§ Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery among Borderline Patients and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-year Prospective Follow-up Study > Abstract > Conclusions
hedgedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: The borderline and axis II comparison groups are comparable on baseline characteristics that could affect the outcomes, apart from their diagnoses.
- Rests on an assumption: Patients lost to follow-up do not differ systematically from those retained in ways that affect the study's outcome estimates.
- Also stated in: § Conclusions · hedged
In the paper
“In the McLean Study of Adult Development, it was found that 93% of the borderline patients achieved a remission that lasted at least two years but only 50% attained a two-year recovery, which was defined as concurrent symptomatic remission and good social and vocational functioning.”
§ Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery among Borderline Patients and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-year Prospective Follow-up Study > Abstract > Conclusions
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [5] source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“At each of eight follow-up waves, separated by 24 months, psychosocial functioning and treatment utilization as well as axis I and II psychopathology were reassessed via interview methods similar to the baseline procedures by staff members blind to previously collected information.”
§ Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery among Borderline Patients and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-year Prospective Follow-up Study > Methods
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The first is that all subjects were initially inpatients. It may well be that borderline patients who have never been hospitalized are less severely ill symptomatically and less impaired psychosocially and thus, more likely to remit more rapidly and attain a good global outcome over time.”
§ Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery among Borderline Patients and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-year Prospective Follow-up Study > Discussion
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“This is so because previous research by our group has found that borderline patients have far more difficulty functioning consistently and competently in the vocational arena than axis II comparison subjects (18).”
§ Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery among Borderline Patients and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-year Prospective Follow-up Study > Discussion
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [18] source
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Each patient then met with a masters-level interviewer blind to the patient's clinical diagnoses for a thorough psychosocial and treatment history as well as diagnostic assessment.”
§ Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery among Borderline Patients and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-year Prospective Follow-up Study > Methods
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In terms of continuing participation, 87.5% (N=231/264) of surviving borderline patients (13 died by suicide and 13 died of other causes) were reinterviewed at all eight follow-up waves.”
§ Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery among Borderline Patients and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-year Prospective Follow-up Study > Results
plainn = 231- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A similar rate of participation was found for axis II comparison subjects, with 82.9% (N=58/70) of surviving patients in this study group (one died by suicide and one died of other causes) being reassessed at all eight follow-up waves.”
§ Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery among Borderline Patients and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-year Prospective Follow-up Study > Results
plainn = 58- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
The paper relies on this without support.
The borderline and axis II comparison groups are comparable on baseline characteristics that could affect the outcomes, apart from their diagnoses.
“Borderline patients were significantly slower to achieve remission or recovery (which involved good social and vocational functioning as well as symptomatic remission) than axis II comparison subjects.”
“The corresponding rates for those with another personality disorder ranged from 99% to 97%.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Patients lost to follow-up do not differ systematically from those retained in ways that affect the study's outcome estimates.
“In terms of continuing participation, 87.5% (N=231/264) of surviving borderline patients (13 died by suicide and 13 died of other causes) were reinterviewed at all eight follow-up waves.”
“A similar rate of participation was found for axis II comparison subjects, with 82.9% (N=58/70) of surviving patients in this study group (one died by suicide and one died of other causes) being reassessed at all eight follow-up waves.”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Longitudinal data suggest that adult BPD typically is a chronic condition, characterized by patterns of remission and relapse at PD symptom level, but with more pervasive and persistent disabilities in psychosocial functioning [4, 5].”
From The (cost-)effectiveness of early intervention (MBT-early) versus standard protocolized treatment (CBT) for emerging borderline personality disorder in adolescents (the EARLY study): a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial (2024) · cites this paper as [5]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) have been shown to be effective in addressing these aspects in young populations (44, 45).”
From Age-related differences in borderline personality disorder traits and childhood maltreatment: a cross-sectional study (2025) · cites this paper as [45]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“Longitudinal, observational studies suggest that durable functional improvements are much more difficult to achieve than symptomatic improvements (47).”
From The diagnosis that should speak its name: why it is ethically right to diagnose and treat personality disorder during adolescence (2023) · cites this paper as [47]
In the citing paper
“First, substantial data demonstrates similar levels of (in)stability among adults diagnosed with (B)PD, especially regarding the acute symptoms of the disorder (47), reflecting that the disorder itself is less durable than was previously assumed.”
From The diagnosis that should speak its name: why it is ethically right to diagnose and treat personality disorder during adolescence (2023) · cites this paper as [47]
Citations
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Self-citation
Research works printed but not linked: 1
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Cited by
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Metadata
- Authors
- Zanarini, M. C., Frankenburg, F. R., Reich, D. B., & Fitzmaurice, G.
- Affiliations
- McLean Hospital (US)
- Venue
- American Journal of Psychiatry
- Published
- 2012-05
- Volume
- 169
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 476-483
- ISSN
- 0002-953X (ISSN-L)
- 1535-7228
- PMC
- PMC3509999
- OpenAlex
- W2002571950
- Cited by
- 484
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 29 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 32 · 2020: 60 · 2019: 44 · 2018: 41 · 2017: 32 · 2016: 30 · 2015: 36 · 2014: 43 · 2013: 25 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 40.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- American Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH062169)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
- Keywords
- borderline personality disorder, personality disorders, symptom remission, recovery, relapse, long-term outcomes, social functioning, vocational functioning, Axis II personality disorders, hospitalized patients
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Antisocial Personality Disorder, Borderline Personality Disorder, Dependent Personality Disorder, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Interview, Psychological, Paranoid Personality Disorder, Passive-Aggressive Personality Disorder, Personality Disorders, Prospective Studies, Recurrence, Remission Induction, Social Adjustment, Time Factors, Proportional Hazards Models, Case-Control Studies, Treatment Outcome, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
A language model drew the claims from the paper on 2026-09-28, under version 3 of the claim definition (model deepseek-v4.1-flash, prompt extract-v3).
A second model labelled each claim on 2026-09-28 (model jev-1.13-20260917, definition revision gold-guideline-v0.2).
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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