The DOI matches its Crossref record; 27 of the 27 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; none of the 25 sources its claims cite is checked for support yet.
Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery Among Patients With Borderline Personality Disorder and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-Year Prospective Follow-Up Study
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: The purposes of this study were to determine time to attainment of symptom remission and to recovery lasting 2, 4, 6, or 8 years among patients with borderline personality disorder and comparison subjects with other personality disorders and to determine the stability of these outcomes. METHOD: A total of 290 inpatients with borderline personality disorder and 72 comparison subjects with other axis II disorders were assessed during their index admission using a series of semistructured interviews, which were administered again at eight successive 2-year follow-up sessions. For inclusion in the study, patients with borderline personality disorder had to meet criteria for both the Revised Diagnostic Interview for Borderlines and DSM-III-R. RESULTS: Borderline patients were significantly slower to achieve remission or recovery (which involved good social and vocational functioning as well as symptomatic remission) than axis II comparison subjects. However, by the time of the 16-year follow-up assessment, both groups had achieved similarly high rates of remission (range for borderline patients: 78%-99%; range for axis II comparison subjects: 97%-99%) but not recovery (40%-60% compared with 75%-85%). In contrast, symptomatic recurrence and loss of recovery occurred more rapidly and at substantially higher rates among borderline patients than axis II comparison subjects (recurrence: 10%-36% compared with 4%-7%; loss of recovery: 20%-44% compared with 9%-28%). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that sustained symptomatic remission is substantially more common than sustained recovery from borderline personality disorder and that sustained remissions and recoveries are substantially more difficult for individuals with borderline personality disorder to attain and maintain than for individuals with other forms of personality disorder.
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23 Own result · 16 Not checked yet · 5 Own interpretation · 4 Own method · 1 No basis given
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, it is also clear that borderline patients remitted at a significantly slower pace than axis II comparison subjects.”
- Also stated in: § Discussion · plain
“However, the results of the current study found that remissions, regardless of length, occurred significantly more rapidly for axis II comparison subjects than for borderline patients.”
§ Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery among Borderline Patients and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-year Prospective Follow-up Study > Results
boostedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Rests on an assumption: The borderline and axis II comparison groups are comparable on baseline characteristics that could affect the outcomes, apart from their diagnoses.
- Rests on an assumption: Patients lost to follow-up do not differ systematically from those retained in ways that affect the study's outcome estimates.
- Also stated in: § Discussion · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Axis II comparison subjects reported even lower rates of recurrence, ranging from 7% after a two-year remission to 4% after an eight-year remission.”
§ Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery among Borderline Patients and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-year Prospective Follow-up Study > Discussion
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Rests on an assumption: Patients lost to follow-up do not differ systematically from those retained in ways that affect the study's outcome estimates.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The corresponding rates for those with another personality disorder ranged from 99% to 97%.”
§ Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery among Borderline Patients and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-year Prospective Follow-up Study > Results
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Rests on an assumption: Patients lost to follow-up do not differ systematically from those retained in ways that affect the study's outcome estimates.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In addition, recoveries occurred significantly more slowly for borderline patients than axis II comparison subjects.”
- Also stated in: § Discussion · plain
“The third main finding is that recovery from borderline personality disorder occurred at a lower rate and more slowly than recovery from another personality disorder.”
§ Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery among Borderline Patients and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-year Prospective Follow-up Study > Results
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Rests on an assumption: The borderline and axis II comparison groups are comparable on baseline characteristics that could affect the outcomes, apart from their diagnoses.
- Rests on an assumption: Patients lost to follow-up do not differ systematically from those retained in ways that affect the study's outcome estimates.
- Also stated in: § Discussion · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“By the time of the 16-year follow-up, cumulative rates of recovery for borderline patients ranged from 60% for recoveries lasting two years to 40% for recoveries lasting eight years.”
- Also stated in: § Discussion · plain
“In terms of recoveries lasting two years, 60% of borderline patients and 85% of axis II comparison subjects attained this important outcome. In terms of recoveries lasting eight years, these rates dropped to 40% and 75% respectively.”
§ Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery among Borderline Patients and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-year Prospective Follow-up Study > Results
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Rests on an assumption: Patients lost to follow-up do not differ systematically from those retained in ways that affect the study's outcome estimates.
- Also stated in: § Discussion · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The comparable figures for axis II comparison subjects ranged from 7% to 4%.”
- Also stated in: § Discussion · plain
“Axis II comparison subjects reported even lower rates of recurrence, ranging from 7% after a two-year remission to 4% after an eight-year remission.”
§ Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery among Borderline Patients and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-year Prospective Follow-up Study > Results
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Rests on an assumption: Patients lost to follow-up do not differ systematically from those retained in ways that affect the study's outcome estimates.
- Also stated in: § Discussion · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“For borderline patients, these losses ranged from a high of 44% after a recovery lasting two years to a low of 20% for a recovery lasting eight years.”
- Also stated in: § Discussion · plain
“Rates of loss of recovery after a two-year recovery were 44% for borderline patients and 28% for axis II comparison subjects. Rates of loss of recovery after an eight-year recovery were 20% and 9% respectively.”
§ Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery among Borderline Patients and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-year Prospective Follow-up Study > Results
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Rests on an assumption: Patients lost to follow-up do not differ systematically from those retained in ways that affect the study's outcome estimates.
- Also stated in: § Discussion · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In contrast, symptomatic recurrence (10–36% vs. 4–7%) and loss of recovery (20–44% vs. 9–28%) occurred more rapidly and at substantially higher rates among borderline patients than axis II comparison subjects.”
- Also stated in: § Results · plain
“As can be seen, by the time of the 16-year follow-up, cumulative rates of recurrence for borderline patients ranged from 36% after a two-year remission to 10% after an eight-year remission. The comparable figures for axis II comparison subjects ranged from 7% to 4%.”
§ Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery among Borderline Patients and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-year Prospective Follow-up Study > Abstract > Results
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Rests on an assumption: The borderline and axis II comparison groups are comparable on baseline characteristics that could affect the outcomes, apart from their diagnoses.
- Rests on an assumption: Patients lost to follow-up do not differ systematically from those retained in ways that affect the study's outcome estimates.
- Also stated in: § Results · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, those in both study groups ultimately achieved about the same high rates of remission (borderline patients: 78–99%; axis II comparison subjects: 97–99%) but not recovery (40–60% vs. 75–85%) by the time of the 16-year follow-up.”
- Also stated in: § Discussion · plain
“The first is that remissions lasting two to eight years are extremely common for borderline patients (and axis II comparison subjects).”
§ Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery among Borderline Patients and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-year Prospective Follow-up Study > Abstract > Results
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Rests on an assumption: The borderline and axis II comparison groups are comparable on baseline characteristics that could affect the outcomes, apart from their diagnoses.
- Rests on an assumption: Patients lost to follow-up do not differ systematically from those retained in ways that affect the study's outcome estimates.
- Also stated in: § Discussion · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Borderline patients also experienced a recurrence significantly more rapidly than axis II comparison subjects experienced a recurrence after a two- to six-year remission.”
- Also stated in: § Discussion · plain
“However, the results of the current study found that recurrences occurred significantly more slowly for axis II comparison subjects than for borderline patients.”
§ Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery among Borderline Patients and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-year Prospective Follow-up Study > Results
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Rests on an assumption: The borderline and axis II comparison groups are comparable on baseline characteristics that could affect the outcomes, apart from their diagnoses.
- Rests on an assumption: Patients lost to follow-up do not differ systematically from those retained in ways that affect the study's outcome estimates.
- Also stated in: § Discussion · plain
- It may state two separate claims as one. 6
- Probably not a substantial claim. 6
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The third main finding is that recovery from borderline personality disorder occurred at a lower rate and more slowly than recovery from another personality disorder.”
§ Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery among Borderline Patients and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-year Prospective Follow-up Study > Discussion
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: The borderline and axis II comparison groups are comparable on baseline characteristics that could affect the outcomes, apart from their diagnoses.
- Rests on an assumption: Patients lost to follow-up do not differ systematically from those retained in ways that affect the study's outcome estimates.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“For each length of recovery, about 10% of borderline patients achieved recovery at the first possible time period, while the comparable figure for axis II comparison subjects was about 40%.”
§ Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery among Borderline Patients and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-year Prospective Follow-up Study > Results
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: The borderline and axis II comparison groups are comparable on baseline characteristics that could affect the outcomes, apart from their diagnoses.
- Rests on an assumption: Patients lost to follow-up do not differ systematically from those retained in ways that affect the study's outcome estimates.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“For each length of remission, about 30% of borderline patients achieved remission at the first possible time period, while the comparable figure for axis II comparison subjects was about 85%.”
§ Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery among Borderline Patients and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-year Prospective Follow-up Study > Results
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: The borderline and axis II comparison groups are comparable on baseline characteristics that could affect the outcomes, apart from their diagnoses.
- Rests on an assumption: Patients lost to follow-up do not differ systematically from those retained in ways that affect the study's outcome estimates.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“These between-group differences, while substantial, were not statistically significant.”
- Also stated in: § Discussion · plain
“The fourth main finding is that the loss of recovery was substantially but not significantly more common for borderline patients than axis II comparison subjects, in part due to the relatively small number of events in each group.”
§ Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery among Borderline Patients and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-year Prospective Follow-up Study > Results
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: The borderline and axis II comparison groups are comparable on baseline characteristics that could affect the outcomes, apart from their diagnoses.
- Rests on an assumption: Patients lost to follow-up do not differ systematically from those retained in ways that affect the study's outcome estimates.
- Also stated in: § Discussion · plain
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“They also suggest that sustained remissions and recoveries are substantially more difficult for borderline patients to attain and maintain than those with other forms of personality disorder.”
- Also stated in: § Conclusions · hedged
“Taken together, the results of this study suggest that sustained symptomatic remission is substantially more common than sustained recovery from borderline personality disorder. They also suggest that sustained remissions and recoveries are substantially more difficult for borderline patients to attain and maintain than those with other forms of personality disorder.”
§ Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery among Borderline Patients and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-year Prospective Follow-up Study > Abstract > Conclusions
hedgedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: The borderline and axis II comparison groups are comparable on baseline characteristics that could affect the outcomes, apart from their diagnoses.
- Rests on an assumption: Patients lost to follow-up do not differ systematically from those retained in ways that affect the study's outcome estimates.
- Also stated in: § Conclusions · hedged
In the paper
“In the McLean Study of Adult Development, it was found that 93% of the borderline patients achieved a remission that lasted at least two years but only 50% attained a two-year recovery, which was defined as concurrent symptomatic remission and good social and vocational functioning.”
§ Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery among Borderline Patients and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-year Prospective Follow-up Study > Abstract > Conclusions
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [5] source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“At each of eight follow-up waves, separated by 24 months, psychosocial functioning and treatment utilization as well as axis I and II psychopathology were reassessed via interview methods similar to the baseline procedures by staff members blind to previously collected information.”
§ Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery among Borderline Patients and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-year Prospective Follow-up Study > Methods
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The first is that all subjects were initially inpatients. It may well be that borderline patients who have never been hospitalized are less severely ill symptomatically and less impaired psychosocially and thus, more likely to remit more rapidly and attain a good global outcome over time.”
§ Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery among Borderline Patients and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-year Prospective Follow-up Study > Discussion
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“This is so because previous research by our group has found that borderline patients have far more difficulty functioning consistently and competently in the vocational arena than axis II comparison subjects (18).”
§ Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery among Borderline Patients and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-year Prospective Follow-up Study > Discussion
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [18] source
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Each patient then met with a masters-level interviewer blind to the patient's clinical diagnoses for a thorough psychosocial and treatment history as well as diagnostic assessment.”
§ Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery among Borderline Patients and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-year Prospective Follow-up Study > Methods
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In terms of continuing participation, 87.5% (N=231/264) of surviving borderline patients (13 died by suicide and 13 died of other causes) were reinterviewed at all eight follow-up waves.”
§ Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery among Borderline Patients and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-year Prospective Follow-up Study > Results
plainn = 231- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A similar rate of participation was found for axis II comparison subjects, with 82.9% (N=58/70) of surviving patients in this study group (one died by suicide and one died of other causes) being reassessed at all eight follow-up waves.”
§ Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery among Borderline Patients and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-year Prospective Follow-up Study > Results
plainn = 58- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
The paper relies on this without support.
The borderline and axis II comparison groups are comparable on baseline characteristics that could affect the outcomes, apart from their diagnoses.
“Borderline patients were significantly slower to achieve remission or recovery (which involved good social and vocational functioning as well as symptomatic remission) than axis II comparison subjects.”
“The corresponding rates for those with another personality disorder ranged from 99% to 97%.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Patients lost to follow-up do not differ systematically from those retained in ways that affect the study's outcome estimates.
“In terms of continuing participation, 87.5% (N=231/264) of surviving borderline patients (13 died by suicide and 13 died of other causes) were reinterviewed at all eight follow-up waves.”
“A similar rate of participation was found for axis II comparison subjects, with 82.9% (N=58/70) of surviving patients in this study group (one died by suicide and one died of other causes) being reassessed at all eight follow-up waves.”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Longitudinal data suggest that adult BPD typically is a chronic condition, characterized by patterns of remission and relapse at PD symptom level, but with more pervasive and persistent disabilities in psychosocial functioning [4, 5].”
From The (cost-)effectiveness of early intervention (MBT-early) versus standard protocolized treatment (CBT) for emerging borderline personality disorder in adolescents (the EARLY study): a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial (2024) · cites this paper as [5]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) have been shown to be effective in addressing these aspects in young populations (44, 45).”
From Age-related differences in borderline personality disorder traits and childhood maltreatment: a cross-sectional study (2025) · cites this paper as [45]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“Longitudinal, observational studies suggest that durable functional improvements are much more difficult to achieve than symptomatic improvements (47).”
From The diagnosis that should speak its name: why it is ethically right to diagnose and treat personality disorder during adolescence (2023) · cites this paper as [47]
In the citing paper
“First, substantial data demonstrates similar levels of (in)stability among adults diagnosed with (B)PD, especially regarding the acute symptoms of the disorder (47), reflecting that the disorder itself is less durable than was previously assumed.”
From The diagnosis that should speak its name: why it is ethically right to diagnose and treat personality disorder during adolescence (2023) · cites this paper as [47]
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The Stigma of Personality Disorders
Sheehan, L. L., Nieweglowski, K., & Corrigan, P. W. (2016) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-015-0654-1 · Cited by 320
Watson, D., Levin‐Aspenson, H. F., Waszczuk, M. A., Conway, C. C., Dalgleish, T., Dretsch, M. N., Eaton, N. R., Forbes, M. K., Forbush, K. T., Hobbs, K. A., et al. (2022) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/wps.20943 · Cited by 311
DSM-5 Level of Personality Functioning: Refocusing Personality Disorder on What It Means to Be Human
Sharp, C., & Wall, K. (2020) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-081219-105402 · Cited by 298
Borderline personality disorder and emotion dysregulation
Chapman, A. L. (2019) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579419000658 · Cited by 276
“…from this research have suggested a fairly hopeful prognosis for many people with BPD, with findings from the 16-year point indicating that 99% of patients achieved at least 2 years of remission from the diagnosis of BPD, 60% of patients recovered, and 5% died by suicide (Zanarini et al., 2012).”
Longitudinal validation of general and specific structural features of personality pathology.
Wright, A. G. C., Hopwood, C. J., Skodol, A. E., & Morey, L. C. (2016) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/abn0000165 · Cited by 248
“, 2005), enduring patterns of psychosocial dysfunction (Gunderson et al., 2011; Skodol, Pagano, et al., 2005; Zanarini et al., 2012), and individual differences in rates of decline (Lenzenweger, Johnson, & Willett, 2004) complicate the picture.”
A life span perspective on borderline personality disorder
Videler, A. C., Hutsebaut, J., Schulkens, J. E. M., Sobczak, S., & van Alphen, S. P. J. (2019) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-019-1040-1 · Cited by 236
Suicidality in Borderline Personality Disorder
Paris, J. (2019) · Medicina · doi:10.3390/medicina55060223 · Cited by 248
Sharp, C., & Fonagy, P. (2015) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/jcpp.12449 · Cited by 237
Hutsebaut, J., Feenstra, D. J., & Kamphuis, J. H. (2015) · Personality Disorders Theory Research and Treatment · doi:10.1037/per0000159 · Cited by 202
Morey, L. C., Skodol, A. E., & Oldham, J. M. (2014) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0036481 · Cited by 184
Self-harm in the context of borderline personality disorder
Reichl, C., & Kaess, M. (2021) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2020.12.007 · Cited by 186
The Challenge of Transforming the Diagnostic System of Personality Disorders
Herpertz, S. C., Huprich, S. K., Bohus, M., Chanen, A. M., Goodman, M. S., Mehlum, L. I., Moran, P., Newton‐Howes, G., Scott, L. N., & Sharp, C. (2017) · Journal of Personality Disorders · doi:10.1521/pedi_2017_31_338 · Cited by 184
Schmahl, C., Herpertz, S. C., Bertsch, K., Ende, G., Flor, H., Kirsch, P., Lis, S., Meyer-Lindenberg, A., Rietschel, M., Schneider, M., et al. (2014) · Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation · doi:10.1186/2051-6673-1-12 · Cited by 168
The Lifetime Course of Borderline Personality Disorder
Biskin, R. S. (2015) · The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/070674371506000702 · Cited by 145
Hastrup, L. H., Jennum, P., Ibsen, R., Kjellberg, J., & Simonsen, E. H. (2019) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/acps.13094 · Cited by 149
“Large well-designed prospective studies have now shown that although many patients remit, they still remain dysfunctional in relationships, in employment (19, 20), and they experience low quality of life (21, 22).”
BackgroundEuler, S., Nolte, T., Constantinou, M., Griem, J., Montague, P. R., & Fonagy, P. (2019) · Journal of Personality Disorders · doi:10.1521/pedi_2019_33_427 · Cited by 157
Moran, P., Romaniuk, H., Coffey, C., Chanen, A., Degenhardt, L., Borschmann, R., & Patton, G. C. (2016) · The Lancet Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(16)30029-3 · Cited by 124
A framework for treating DSM‐5 alternative model for personality disorder features
Hopwood, C. J. (2018) · Personality and Mental Health · doi:10.1002/pmh.1414 · Cited by 136
“While there is significant evidence supporting the hypothesis that personality and PD symptoms can improve (Gunderson et al., 2011; Zanarini et al., 2012), this work has not distinguished personality style from severity (Calabrese & Simms, 2014).”
BackgroundInfluentialAdolescence as a Sensitive Period for the Development of Personality Disorder
Sharp, C., Vanwoerden, S., & Wall, K. (2018) · Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.psc.2018.07.004 · Cited by 131
Impairments of Interpersonal Functioning: Empathy and Intimacy in Borderline Personality Disorder
Jeung, H., & Herpertz, S. C. (2014) · Psychopathology · doi:10.1159/000357191 · Cited by 133
Hypermentalizing, attachment, and epistemic trust in adolescent BPD: Clinical illustrations.
Bo, S., Sharp, C., Fonagy, P., & Kongerslev, M. (2015) · Personality Disorders Theory Research and Treatment · doi:10.1037/per0000161 · Cited by 136
Wright, A. G. C., Calabrese, W. R., Rudick, M. M., Yam, W. H., Zelazny, K., Williams, T. F., Rotterman, J. H., & Simms, L. J. (2014) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/abn0000018 · Cited by 113
“Similar findings have been observed in other studies (Cohen, Crawford, Johnson, & Kasen, 2005; Lenzenweger, 1999; McDavid & Pilkonis, 1996; Zanarini et al., 2012), and the same picture emerges when considering the more fine-grained changes associated with symptom counts as opposed to categorical…”
Pharmacological interventions for people with borderline personality disorder
Stoffers‐Winterling, J., Storebø, O. J., Ribeiro, J. P., Kongerslev, M., Vӧllm, B., Mattivi, J. T., Faltinsen, E. G., Todorovac, A., Jørgensen, M. S., Edemann-Callesen, H., et al. (2022) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd012956.pub2 · Cited by 128
Keuroghlian, A. S., Frankenburg, F. R., & Zanarini, M. C. (2013) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2013.06.012 · Cited by 118
“…physical health, as opposed to stemming solely and directly from active borderline personality symptomatology, particularly as by the time of the 16-year follow-up, 99% had achieved a two-year symptomatic remission and 78% had achieved an eight-year symptomatic remission (Zanarini et al., 2012).”
BackgroundSelf-citationStability and Change in Personality Disorders
Morey, L. C., & Hopwood, C. J. (2012) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-050212-185637 · Cited by 115
“By the sixteenth year of the study, nearly all patients in the study had experienced a remission, and symptom decline stayed relatively stable, with only a small proportion of the sample experiencing a return to diagnostic status (Zanarini et al. 2012).”
BackgroundInfluentialÁlvarez-Tomás, I., Ruiz, J., Guilera, G., & Bados, A. (2019) · European psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2018.10.010 · Cited by 96
“At 16 years, the MSAD also reported that 78% of BPD patients had achieved a long-lasting remission of eight consecutive years [7].”
BackgroundPersonality Disorders in DSM-5: Emerging Research on the Alternative Model
Morey, L. C., Benson, K. T., Busch, A., & Skodol, A. E. (2015) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-015-0558-0 · Cited by 120
Christensen, T. B., Eikenæs, I. U.-M., Hummelen, B., Pedersen, G., Nysæter, T. E., Bender, D. S., Skodol, A. E., & Selvik, S. G. (2019) · Personality Disorders Theory Research and Treatment · doi:10.1037/per0000352 · Cited by 102
Zanarini, M. C., Frankenburg, F. R., Reich, D. B., & Fitzmaurice, G. M. (2016) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2015.15081045 · Cited by 105
Self-citationBorderline Personality Disorder and Bipolar Disorder
Paris, J., & Black, D. W. (2015) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/nmd.0000000000000225 · Cited by 105
Ng, F., Bourke, M. E., & Grenyer, B. F. S. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0160515 · Cited by 96
Hecht, K. F., Cicchetti, D., Rogosch, F. A., & Crick, N. R. (2014) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579414000406 · Cited by 91
Setkowski, K., Palantza, C., van Ballegooijen, W., Gilissen, R., Oud, M., Cristea, I. A., Noma, H., Furukawa, T. A., Arntz, A. R., van Balkom, A. J. L. M., et al. (2023) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291723000685 · Cited by 89
Stoffers-Winterling, J. M., Storebø, O. J., & Lieb, K. (2020) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-020-01164-1 · Cited by 79
Wright, A. G. C., Zalewski, M., Hallquist, M. N., Hipwell, A. E., & Stepp, S. D. (2016) · Journal of Personality Disorders · doi:10.1521/pedi_2015_29_200 · Cited by 78
“Subsequently, the same pattern of remitting BPD symptomatology in the face of enduring impairments was found over the course of 10 (Gunderson et al., 2011) and 16 years (Zanarini et al., 2012).”
Zanarini, M. C., Temes, C. M., Frankenburg, F. R., Reich, D. B., & Fitzmaurice, G. M. (2018) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2018.01.034 · Cited by 78
“It was also found that 84% of axis II comparison subjects achieved this outcome after 10 years of prospective follow-up and 85% achieved this outcome after 16 years of prospective follow-up (Zanarini et al., 2010, 2012).”
BackgroundResultSelf-citationZanarini, M. C., Frankenburg, F. R., Reich, D. B., Conkey, L. C., & Fitzmaurice, G. M. (2015) · Psychiatric Services · doi:10.1176/appi.ps.201400055 · Cited by 77
“For example, 99% of the patients with borderline personality disorder reported a two-year remission, 95% reported a four-year remission, and 90% reported a six-year remission (16).”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationParis, J. (2013) · Psychiatric Services · doi:10.1176/appi.ps.201200451 · Cited by 76
Morey, L. C., Good, E. W., & Hopwood, C. J. (2020) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/jopy.12560 · Cited by 73
Convergence between DSM-IV-TR and DSM-5 Diagnostic Models for Personality Disorder
Morey, L. C., & Skodol, A. E. (2013) · Journal of Psychiatric Practice · doi:10.1097/01.pra.0000430502.78833.06 · Cited by 72
Clinical outcomes of a stepped care program for borderline personality disorder
Laporte, L., Paris, J., Bergevin, T. A., Fraser, R., & Cardin, J. (2018) · Personality and Mental Health · doi:10.1002/pmh.1421 · Cited by 68
Zanarini, M. C., Conkey, L. C., Temes, C. M., & Fitzmaurice, G. M. (2018) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.16m11153 · Cited by 71
Self-citationSalvador, R. M., Vega, D., Pascual, J. C., Marco, J., Canales-Rodríguez, E. J., Aguilar, S., Anguera, M., Soto, À., Ribas, J., Soler, J., et al. (2014) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2014.08.026 · Cited by 66
“Nevertheless, the high rates of clinical remission shown in more recent long-term follow-up studies (69,70) suggest that such abnormalities may be reversible.”
Martín‐Blanco, A., Soler, J., Villalta, L., Feliu‐Soler, A., Elices, M., Pérez, V., Arranz, M. J., Ferraz, L., Álvarez, E., & Pascual, J. C. (2013) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2013.08.026 · Cited by 73
“Although long-term follow-up studies of subjects with BPD report symptomatic remission rates of about 90%, they also show a permanent impairment in the psychosocial functioning of most of these patients [2–4].”
BackgroundKaess, M., Ghinea, D., Fischer-Waldschmidt, G., & Resch, F. (2017) · Praxis der Kinderpsychologie und Kinderpsychiatrie · doi:10.13109/prkk.2017.66.6.404 · Cited by 72
Morgan, T. A., Chelminski, I., Young, D., Dalrymple, K. L., & Zimmerman, M. A. (2013) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2013.06.009 · Cited by 68
“Similar studies show remission at 99% at sixteen-year (Zanarini et al., 2012) and 94% at 27-year follow-ups (Paris and Zweig-Frank, 2001).”
BackgroundNon-response to psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder: A systematic review
Woodbridge, J., Townsend, M. L., Reis, S. L., Singh, S., & Grenyer, B. F. S. (2021) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/00048674211046893 · Cited by 74
“Remission from BPD is typically defined as no longer meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) criteria for BPD for 2 years (Zanarini et al., 2012).”
Miller, C. E., Lewis, K. L., Huxley, E., Townsend, M. L., & Grenyer, B. F. S. (2018) · Personality and Mental Health · doi:10.1002/pmh.1432 · Cited by 65
A Recurrent Question: What Is Borderline?
Zandersen, M., Henriksen, M. G., & Parnas, J. (2018) · Journal of Personality Disorders · doi:10.1521/pedi_2018_32_348 · Cited by 69
Gunderson, J. (2016) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2015.15070885 · Cited by 59
Zanarini, M. C., Frankenburg, F. R., Reich, D. B., Harned, A. L., & Fitzmaurice, G. M. (2014) · Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1097/jcp.0000000000000232 · Cited by 64
“It may be because the severity of their borderline psychopathology was lessening.(16) It may also be because the rates of co-occurring disorders were declining.”
BackgroundSelf-citationBekrater-Bodmann, R., Chung, B. Y., Richter, I., Wicking, M., Foell, J., Mancke, F., Schmahl, C., & Flor, H. (2015) · Pain · doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000275 · Cited by 61
Recovery, as Experienced by Women with Borderline Personality Disorder
Larivière, N., Couture, É., Blackburn, C. A., Carbonneau, M., Lacombe, C., Schinck, S.-A., David, P., & Tribble, D. S. (2015) · Psychiatric Quarterly · doi:10.1007/s11126-015-9350-x · Cited by 55
The Longitudinal Course of Borderline Personality Disorder
Temes, C. M., & Zanarini, M. C. (2018) · Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.psc.2018.07.002 · Cited by 55
Self-citation10-Year Outcome of Suicidal Behavior in Borderline Personality Disorder
Soloff, P. H., & Chiappetta, L. (2018) · Journal of Personality Disorders · doi:10.1521/pedi_2018_32_332 · Cited by 56
Wright, A. G. C., Hopwood, C. J., & Zanarini, M. C. (2014) · Personality Disorders Theory Research and Treatment · doi:10.1037/per0000092 · Cited by 55
Self-citationJørgensen, M. S., Storebø, O. J., Bo, S., Poulsen, S., Gondan, M., Beck, E., Chanen, A. M., BATEMAN, A. W., Pedersen, J., & Simonsen, E. H. (2020) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-020-01551-2 · Cited by 58
Borderline Personality Disorder in the Emergency Department: Good Psychiatric Management
Hong, V. (2016) · Harvard Review of Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/hrp.0000000000000112 · Cited by 54
“Since the long-term prognosis for most BPD patients is good, a sound goal of ED treaters is to minimize excessively intensive interventions and to avoid causing iatrogenic harm while containing intermittent crises.(24)”
BackgroundBorderline Personality Disorder in the Primary Care Setting
Dubovsky, A. N., & Kiefer, M. M. (2014) · Medical Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2014.06.005 · Cited by 58
A Focused Systematic Review of Pharmacological Treatment for Borderline Personality Disorder
Hancock-Johnson, E., Griffiths, C., & Picchioni, M. (2017) · CNS Drugs · doi:10.1007/s40263-017-0425-0 · Cited by 53
“BPD is chronic yet its long-term trajectory is towards remission for the vast majority of patients [4, 5].”
BackgroundNicolini, M. E., Peteet, J. R., Donovan, G. K., & Kim, S. Y. H. (2020) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291719000333 · Cited by 52
“Furthermore, although the number of studies are limited (Leichsenring and Leibing, 2003), long-term follow-up shows that the majority of persons with personality disorders achieve sustained remission (Zanarini et al., 2012).”
BackgroundFunctional outcomes in community-based adults with borderline personality disorder
Javaras, K. N., Zanarini, M. C., Hudson, J. I., Greenfield, S. F., & Gunderson, J. G. (2017) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2017.01.010 · Cited by 49
Self-citationThe prevalence, age distribution and comorbidity of personality disorders in Australian women
Quirk, S. E., Berk, M., Pasco, J. A., Brennan-Olsen, S. L., Chanen, A. M., Koivumaa-Honkanen, H. T., Burke, L. M., Jackson, H. J., Hulbert, C. A., Olsson, C. A., et al. (2016) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0004867416649032 · Cited by 53
“, 2005) and are a consistent driver of impairments in social and occupational functioning (Gunderson et al., 2011; Zanarini et al., 2012), and a key risk factor for suicide attempts (Ansell et al.”
BackgroundSuicidal Behavior and Psychosocial Outcome in Borderline Personality Disorder at 8-Year Follow-Up
Soloff, P. H., & Chiappetta, L. (2017) · Journal of Personality Disorders · doi:10.1521/pedi_2017_31_280 · Cited by 45
Zanarini, M., Frankenburg, F., & Fitzmaurice, G. (2013) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2012.12020173 · Cited by 47
Self-citationPsychological therapies for people with borderline personality disorder
Storebø, O. J., Stoffers‐Winterling, J., Vӧllm, B., Kongerslev, M., Mattivi, J. T., Kielsholm, M. L., Nielsen, S. S., Jørgensen, M. S., Faltinsen, E. G., Lieb, K., et al. (2018) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd012955 · Cited by 48
Keepers, G. A., Fochtmann, L. J., Anzia, J. M., Benjamin, S., Lyness, J. M., Mojtabai, R., Servis, M. E., Choi-Kain, L. W., Nelson, K. J., Oldham, J. M., et al. (2024) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.24181010 · Cited by 62
Hutsebaut, J., Willemsen, E., Bachrach, N., & Van, R. (2020) · Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation · doi:10.1186/s40479-020-00133-7 · Cited by 46
Zanarini, M. C., Frankenburg, F. R., Reich, D. B., Wedig, M. M., Conkey, L. C., & Fitzmaurice, G. M. (2014) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/acps.12255 · Cited by 43
“However, one of these studies also assessed the more complex outcome of recovery—which was defined as symptomatic remission that was concurrent with good social and good full-time vocational functioning (3).”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationMissed diagnosis: The emerging crisis of borderline personality disorder in older people
Beatson, J. A., Broadbear, J. H., Sivakumaran, H., George, K., Kotler, E., Moss, F., & Rao, S. (2016) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0004867416640100 · Cited by 47
“Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 50(12) Studies that show decreased levels of impulsivity with ageing (Zanarini et al., 2012) and in the aged (Arens et al.”
BackgroundInfluentialHastrup, L. H., Kongerslev, M. T., & Simonsen, E. (2019) · Journal of Personality Disorders · doi:10.1521/pedi_2018_32_344 · Cited by 44
Chung, B. Y., Hensel, S., Schmidinger, I., Bekrater‐Bodmann, R., & Flor, H. (2020) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1002/ejp.1567 · Cited by 36
“(2011) did not differentiate between BPD in the current and the remitted stage, other reports of the same cohort suggest very high rates of—at least temporarily stable—symptomatic remission (Zanarini et al., 2012), indicating that the identified predictors of NSSI might also be crucial for rBPD.”
BackgroundRelationship between sleep disturbance and recovery in patients with borderline personality disorder
Plante, D. T., Frankenburg, F. R., Fitzmaurice, G. M., & Zanarini, M. C. (2013) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2013.01.006 · Cited by 41
“As in prior studies from our laboratory, the GAF score was operationalized such that a score of 61 or higher required symptomatic remission from BPD and at least one emotionally sustaining relationship with a close friend, life-partner, or spouse, as well as consistent participation in full-time work or school [27,38].”
BackgroundMethodSelf-citationSocial Factors in the Personality Disorders
Paris, J. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108867542 · Cited by 43
Zanarini, M., Frankenburg, F., Wedig, M., & Fitzmaurice, G. (2013) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2013.13010055 · Cited by 40
Self-citationA concise guide to personality disorders.
Paris, J. (2015) · American Psychological Association eBooks · doi:10.1037/14642-000 · Cited by 42
A recovery journey for people with personality disorder
Castillo, H., Ramon, S., & Morant, N. (2013) · International Journal of Social Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0020764013481891 · Cited by 40
Harned, M. S., Wilks, C. R., Schmidt, S. C., & Coyle, T. N. (2018) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2018.02.002 · Cited by 39
“Similarly, in a sample of BPD inpatients followed over 16 years post-discharge, the cumulative rate of a two-year diagnostic remission from BPD was 99%, whereas only 60% achieved a two-year recovery (defined as diagnostic remission from BPD plus a GAF score > 60; Zanarini et al., 2012).”
BackgroundFuture Challenges in Psychotherapy Research for Personality Disorders
Kramer, U., Eubanks, C. F., Bertsch, K., Herpertz, S. C., McMain, S., Mehlum, L. I., Renneberg, B., & Zimmermann, J. (2022) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-022-01379-4 · Cited by 46
Hastrup, L. H., Jennum, P., Ibsen, R., Kjellberg, J., & Simonsen, E. (2022) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-020-01683-5 · Cited by 37
BATEMAN, A. W., Constantinou, M., Fonagy, P., & Holzer, S. (2020) · Personality Disorders Theory Research and Treatment · doi:10.1037/per0000422 · Cited by 39
Thompson, K. N., Jackson, H. J., Cavelti, M., Betts, J. K., McCutcheon, L., Jovev, M., & Chanen, A. M. (2019) · Journal of Personality Disorders · doi:10.1521/pedi_2019_33_411 · Cited by 41
Chanen, A. M., McCutcheon, L., & Kerr, I. B. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-0591-1_23 · Cited by 41
Zeitler, M.-L., Bohus, M., Kleindienst, N., Knies, R., Ostermann, M., Schmahl, C. G., & Lyssenko, L. (2018) · Journal of Personality Disorders · doi:10.1521/pedi_2018_32_394 · Cited by 41
Collaborative Deprescribing in Borderline Personality Disorder: A Narrative Review
Fineberg, S. K., Gupta, S., & Leavitt, J. (2019) · Harvard Review of Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/hrp.0000000000000200 · Cited by 37
Jørgensen, C. R., Bøye, R., Andersen, D., Blaabjerg, A. H., Freund, C., Jordet, H., & Kjølbye, M. (2014) · Nordic Psychology · doi:10.1080/19012276.2014.963649 · Cited by 35
“At 10-year prospective follow-up, 50% had attained recovery lasting at least 2 years, and 60% of the BPD patients participating had attained this outcome 16 years after their first admission (Zanarini et al., 2012).”
BackgroundA pilot randomized controlled trial of ketamine in Borderline Personality Disorder
Fineberg, S. K., Choi, E. Y., Shapiro-Thompson, R., Dhaliwal, K., Neustadter, E. S., Sakheim, M., Null, K. E., Diaz, D. T., Rondeau, J. A., Pittaro, G. F., et al. (2023) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/s41386-023-01540-4 · Cited by 41
“The natural history of BPD is to experience decreasing numbers of symptoms over time, but social and occupational recovery are less frequent [50, 51].”
BackgroundImpulsivity and its Therapeutic Management in Borderline Personality Disorder: a Systematic Review
Mungo, A., Hein, M., Hubain, P., Loas, G., & Fontaine, P. (2020) · Psychiatric Quarterly · doi:10.1007/s11126-020-09845-z · Cited by 38
Neue Wege der Klassifikation von Persönlichkeitsstörungen in ICD-11
Herpertz, S. C. (2018) · Fortschritte der Neurologie · Psychiatrie · doi:10.1055/a-0576-7149 · Cited by 37
Pascual, J. C., Palomares, N., Ibáñez, Á., Portella, M. J., Arza, R., Reyes, R., Feliu‐Soler, A., Díaz‐Marsá, M., Sáiz-Ruiz, J., Soler, J., et al. (2015) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-015-0640-5 · Cited by 36
“Long-term follow-up studies also show that clinical and general functioning improvements are not always related because high rates of clinical remission are not always associated with better psychosocial functioning [3, 4].”
BackgroundHutsebaut, J., Clarke, S. L., & Chanen, A. M. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1130417 · Cited by 36
“Longitudinal, observational studies suggest that durable functional improvements are much more difficult to achieve than symptomatic improvements (47).”
BackgroundWeekers, L. C., Hutsebaut, J., Rovers, J. M. C., & Kamphuis, J. H. (2023) · Personality Disorders Theory Research and Treatment · doi:10.1037/per0000637 · Cited by 36
Hutsebaut, J., Debbané, M., & Sharp, C. (2020) · Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation · doi:10.1186/s40479-020-0121-4 · Cited by 37
Differential symptomatology and functioning in borderline personality disorder across age groups
Frías, Á., Palma, C., Solves, L., Martínez, B., & Salvador, A. (2017) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2017.09.081 · Cited by 34
Metadata
- Authors
- Zanarini, M. C., Frankenburg, F. R., Reich, D. B., & Fitzmaurice, G.
- Affiliations
- McLean Hospital (US)
- Venue
- American Journal of Psychiatry
- Published
- 2012-05
- Volume
- 169
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 476-483
- ISSN
- 0002-953X (ISSN-L)
- 1535-7228
- PMC
- PMC3509999
- OpenAlex
- W2002571950
- Cited by
- 484
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 29 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 32 · 2020: 60 · 2019: 44 · 2018: 41 · 2017: 32 · 2016: 30 · 2015: 36 · 2014: 43 · 2013: 25 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 40.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- American Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH062169)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
- Keywords
- borderline personality disorder, personality disorders, symptom remission, recovery, relapse, long-term outcomes, social functioning, vocational functioning, Axis II personality disorders, hospitalized patients
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Antisocial Personality Disorder, Borderline Personality Disorder, Dependent Personality Disorder, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Interview, Psychological, Paranoid Personality Disorder, Passive-Aggressive Personality Disorder, Personality Disorders, Prospective Studies, Recurrence, Remission Induction, Social Adjustment, Time Factors, Proportional Hazards Models, Case-Control Studies, Treatment Outcome, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
A language model drew the claims from the paper on 2026-09-28, under version 3 of the claim definition (model deepseek-v4.1-flash, prompt extract-v3).
A second model labelled each claim on 2026-09-28 (model jev-1.13-20260917, definition revision gold-guideline-v0.2).
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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