CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 253Substance Abuse Treatment and OutcomesNeurotransmitter Receptor Influence on BehaviorNeural and Behavioral Psychology Studies

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 76 of the 77 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Cognitive Dysfunction and Anxious-Impulsive Personality Traits Are Endophenotypes for Drug Dependence

Open access
Ersche, Karen D., Turton, Abigail J., Chamberlain, Samuel R., Müller, Ulrich, Bullmore, Edward T., Robbins, Trevor W.·2012·American Journal of Psychiatry
DOI 10.1176/appi.ajp.2012.11091421PMC PMC3533378
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Not everyone who takes drugs becomes addicted, but the likelihood of developing drug addiction is greater in people with a family history of drug or alcohol dependence. Relatively little is known about how genetic risk mediates the development of drug dependence. By comparing the phenotypic profile of individuals with and without a family history of addiction, the authors sought to clarify the extent to which cognitive dysfunction and personality traits are shared by family members--and therefore likely to have predated drug dependence--and which aspects are specific to drug-dependent individuals. METHOD: The authors assessed cognitive function and personality traits associated with drug dependence in stimulant-dependent individuals (N=50), their biological siblings without a history of drug dependence (N=50), and unrelated healthy volunteers (N=50). RESULTS: Cognitive function was significantly impaired in the stimulant-dependent individuals across a range of domains. Deficits in executive function and response control were identified in both the stimulant-dependent individuals and in their non-drug-dependent siblings. Drug-dependent individuals and their siblings also exhibited elevated anxious-impulsive personality traits relative to healthy comparison volunteers. CONCLUSIONS: Deficits in executive function and response regulation as well as anxious-impulsive personality traits may represent endophenotypes associated with the risk of developing cocaine or amphetamine dependence. The identification of addiction endophenotypes may be useful in facilitating the rational development of therapeutic and preventive strategies.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1176/appi.ajp.2012.11091421

Cites

76 of 76 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Figures

FIGURE 1. Cognitive and Emotional Profiles of Participants in a Study of Endophenotypes for Drug Dependencea aPanel A shows performance profiles in four cognitive domains in healthy comparison volunteers, unaffected siblings, and drug-dependent individuals. Panel B shows characteristic profiles in affective, psychosocial, and personality domains.
FIGURE 1. Cognitive and Emotional Profiles of Participants in a Study of Endophenotypes for Drug Dependencea aPanel A shows performance profiles in four cognitive domains in healthy comparison volunteers, unaffected siblings, and drug-dependent individuals. Panel B shows characteristic profiles in affective, psychosocial, and personality domains.CC BY-NC · PubMed Central
FIGURE 2. Deficits of Motor Inhibitory Control and White Matter Organization in Drug-Dependent Individuals and Their Unaffected Siblingsa a Panel A shows stop-signal reaction time (SSRT), which was significantly prolonged in both the stimulant-dependent individuals and their nondependent siblings compared with unrelated healthy volunteers (p≤0.005 for both comparisons with the Bonferroni correction). Panel B shows the skeleton of group differences in mean fractional anisotropy (FA) is colored in blue; stimulant-dependent individuals and their first-degree relatives both had significantly reduced fractional anisotropy compared with unrelated healthy comparison volunteers. On the basis of prior literature, regions of interest were selected within the blue skeleton that included the inferior frontal gyrus and the presupplementary motor area (in orange). Panel C is a scatter plot showing that participants with greater fractional anisotropy in the right inferior frontal gyrus had better inhibitory performance (i.e., shorter stop-signal reaction time) on the stop-signal task (r=0.24, df=142, p<0.005). From Ersche et al. (56). Reprinted with permission from American Association for the Advancement of Science.
FIGURE 2. Deficits of Motor Inhibitory Control and White Matter Organization in Drug-Dependent Individuals and Their Unaffected Siblingsa a Panel A shows stop-signal reaction time (SSRT), which was significantly prolonged in both the stimulant-dependent individuals and their nondependent siblings compared with unrelated healthy volunteers (p≤0.005 for both comparisons with the Bonferroni correction). Panel B shows the skeleton of group differences in mean fractional anisotropy (FA) is colored in blue; stimulant-dependent individuals and their first-degree relatives both had significantly reduced fractional anisotropy compared with unrelated healthy comparison volunteers. On the basis of prior literature, regions of interest were selected within the blue skeleton that included the inferior frontal gyrus and the presupplementary motor area (in orange). Panel C is a scatter plot showing that participants with greater fractional anisotropy in the right inferior frontal gyrus had better inhibitory performance (i.e., shorter stop-signal reaction time) on the stop-signal task (r=0.24, df=142, p<0.005). From Ersche et al. (56). Reprinted with permission from American Association for the Advancement of Science.CC BY-NC · PubMed Central

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 77 references

Research works printed but not linked: 3

  1. 10.1037/0022-3514.51.3.564 · DOI
  2. Ersche KD, Addict Disord Their Treatment
  3. First MB, 2002, Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR Axis I Disorders, Research Version, Non-Patient Edition (SCID-I/NP)

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Items 201–253 of 253

Related

See all

Metadata

Authors
Ersche, K. D., Turton, A. J., Chamberlain, S. R., Müller, U., Bullmore, E. T., & Robbins, T. W.
Affiliations
University of Cambridge (GB)
Corresponding author
Ersche, Karen D.
ORCID
Venue
American Journal of Psychiatry
Publisher
American Psychiatric Association Publishing
Published
2012-09
Volume
169
Issue
9
Pages
926-936
ISSN
  • 0002-953X (ISSN-L)
  • 1535-7228
DOI
10.1176/appi.ajp.2012.11091421
PMC
PMC3533378
OpenAlex
W2128615125
Cited by
252
References
77
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 43 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 31 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 6
FWCI
18.44
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by-nc
Locations
  • American Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • ePrints Soton (University of Southampton) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Eli Lilly and Company
  • GlaxoSmithKline
  • Wellcome Trust (093875)
  • University of Cambridge
  • European College of Neuropsychopharmacology
  • H. Lundbeck A/S
  • Medical Research Council
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Keywords
endophenotypes, drug addiction, stimulant use disorder, cocaine dependence, amphetamine dependence, cognitive impairment, executive function, response control, family history of addiction, biological siblings
MeSH terms
Adult, Anxiety, Cognition Disorders, Family Health, Female, Humans, Impulsive Behavior, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Personality Assessment, Case-Control Studies, Substance-Related Disorders, Siblings, Endophenotypes

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review