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Cited by 1,316Racial and Ethnic Identity ResearchCounseling Practices and SupervisionSocial and Intergroup Psychology

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 180 of the 182 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Racism and Psychological and Emotional Injury: Recognizing and Assessing Race-Based Traumatic Stress

Carter, Robert T.·2007·The Counseling Psychologist
DOI 10.1177/0011000006292033
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Abstract

The purpose of this article is to discuss the psychological and emotional effects of racism on people of Color. Psychological models and research on racism, discrimination, stress, and trauma will be integrated to promote a model to be used to understand, recognize, and assess race-based traumatic stress to aid counseling and psychological assessment, research, and training.

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Crossref · 10.1177/0011000006292033

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180 of 180 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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Citations

Cites

Show all 182 references

Research works printed but not linked: 41

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  6. Carter, R. T., 2004, Disaster response to communities of Color: Cultural responsive intervention
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Metadata

Authors
Carter, R. T.
Affiliations
Columbia University (US)
Corresponding author
Carter, Robert T.
ORCID
Carter, Robert T.
Venue
The Counseling Psychologist
Publisher
SAGE Publications
Published
2007-01
Volume
35
Issue
1
Pages
13-105
ISSN
  • 0011-0000 (ISSN-L)
  • 1552-3861
DOI
10.1177/0011000006292033
OpenAlex
W2138480196
Cited by
1,316
References
182
Citations by year
2026: 95 · 2025: 126 · 2024: 94 · 2023: 111 · 2022: 150 · 2021: 111 · 2020: 141 · 2019: 84 · 2018: 68 · 2017: 55 · 2016: 49 · 2015: 40 · 2014: 42 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 37
FWCI
32.40
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations
The Counseling Psychologist (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Racial and Ethnic Identity Research
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Counseling Practices and Supervision
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
Keywords
racism, psychological harm, psychological trauma, people of color, racial trauma, discrimination, stress, trauma, psychological assessment, counseling

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