Mental health outcomes in Syrian refugees: A systematic review
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Syria is the main country of origin for refugees in the world. The prevalence of mental disorders in this population is high, but there is a lack of more comprehensive data on mental health issues in this population. AIM: This study aims to review the literature for mental health outcomes in Syrian refugees. METHODS: We performed a systematic quantitative literature review of original observational studies indexed on the MEDLINE via PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO, LILACS, and SciELO databases with quantitative data reporting mental health outcomes in Syrian refugees. A descriptive analysis was conducted, and the quality of the included studies was assessed using an adaptation from The National Institutes of Health (NIH) quality assessment tool for observational studies. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. RESULTS: A total of 64 studies were included. The majority were published between 2019 and 2020, and focused on the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and anxiety, with a wide range of variations. Other outcomes were difficulties in the post-migration period and promotive factors for mental health, such as resilience, positive coping strategies, and psychosocial well-being. CONCLUSIONS: High prevalence rates of mental disorders were observed, as well as risk factors for their occurrence. Studies showed a very high variability of prevalence rates and heterogeneity in methodologies. There is a need for research focusing on other determinants and specific necessities for mental health, especially in the post-resettlement period.
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Many refugees experience increased levels of psychological distress and associated functional impairment in everyday life.
“While there is growing evidence for key resilience factors among refugees [2–5], many experience increased levels of psychological distress and associated functional impairment in everyday life [6].”
From Effects of a self-guided digital mental health self-help intervention for Syrian refugees in Egypt: A pragmatic randomized controlled trial (2024) · cites this paper as [6]
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- Authors
- Sá, F. H. D. L., Waikamp, V., Freitas, L. H. M., & Baeza, F. L. C.
- Affiliations
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (BR)
- Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Corresponding author
- Sá, Fernando Henrique de Lima
- Venue
- International Journal of Social Psychiatry
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2022-06-03
- Volume
- 68
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 933-953
- ISSN
- 0020-7640 (ISSN-L)
- 1741-2854
- OpenAlex
- W4281699894
- Cited by
- 33
- References
- 86
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 1
- FWCI
- 1.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- International Journal of Social Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Migration, Health and Trauma
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Keywords
- Syrian refugees, mental health outcomes, post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, anxiety, resilience, coping strategies, psychosocial well-being, refugee mental health, resettlement
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Mental Health, Refugees, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Syria, Outcome Assessment, Health Care
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