Prevalence and predictors of common mental disorders among Syrian refugees in Istanbul, Turkey: a cross-sectional study
Open accessAbstract
Purpose The war in Syria has created the greatest refugee crisis in the twenty-first century. Turkey hosts the highest number of registered Syrian refugees, who are at increased risk of common mental disorders because of their exposure to war, violence and post-displacement stressors. The aim of this paper is to examine the prevalence and predictors of anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms among Syrian refugees living in Turkey.Methods A cross-sectional survey of adult Syrian refugees was conducted between February and May 2018 in Istanbul (Sultanbeyli district). Participants (N = 1678) were randomly selected through the registration system of the district municipality. The Hopkins Symptoms Checklist (HSCL-25) was used to measure anxiety and depression and the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Checklist (PCL-5) assessed posttraumatic stress. Descriptive and multivariate regression analyses were used.Results The prevalence of symptoms of anxiety, depression and PTSD were 36.1%, 34.7% and 19.6%, respectively. Comorbidity was high. Regression analyses identified several socio-demographic, health and post-displacement variables that predicted common mental disorders including: being female, facing economic difficulties, previous trauma experience, and unmet need for social support, safety, law and justice. A lifetime history of mental health treatment and problems accessing adequate healthcare were associated with depression and anxiety but not with PTSD.Conclusions Mental disorder symptoms are highly prevalent among Syrian refugees in Turkey. The association with post-displacement factors points to the importance of comprehensive health and social services that can address these social, economic and cultural stressors.
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Postmigration living difficulties and other contextual factors shape the types of common problems refugees face and need to be considered when developing interventions to address mental health issues in refugees.
“Postmigration living difficulties and other contextual factors further shape the types of common problems that refugees face [8,9] and need to be considered when developing interventions do address mental health issues in refugees.”
From Effects of a self-guided digital mental health self-help intervention for Syrian refugees in Egypt: A pragmatic randomized controlled trial (2024) · cites this paper as [8]
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- Authors
- Acarturk, C., McGrath, M., Roberts, B., Ilkkursun, Z., Cuijpers, P., Sijbrandij, M., Sondorp, E., Ventevogel, P., McKee, M., Fuhr, D. C., & On behalf of the STRENGTHS consortium
- Affiliations
- Royal Tropical Institute (NL)
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (GB)
- Amsterdam Public Health (NL)
- Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (CH)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology
- Published
- 2020-08-12
- Volume
- 56
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 475-484
- ISSN
- 0933-7954 (ISSN-L)
- 1433-9285
- OpenAlex
- W3048529266
- Cited by
- 115
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 36 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 4.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- VU Research Portal (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- LSHTM Research Online (London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine) (submittedVersion)
- Digital Collections portal (Koç University) (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (733337)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Migration, Health and Trauma
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Keywords
- Syrian refugees, common mental disorders, anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, psychiatric comorbidity, social support, health care access, economic hardship, war trauma, Istanbul
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Mental Disorders, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depression, Female, Humans, Refugees, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Syria, Turkey, Prevalence
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