The DOI matches its Crossref record; 68 of the 68 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Democracy, Political Similarity, and International Alliances, 1816-1992
Abstract
The connection between domestic politics and international cooperation, specifically the relationship between regime type and alliance behavior, is examined to test two central hypotheses: democracies are more likely to ally with each other, and states of any similar regime type are more likely to ally with each other. These hypotheses emerge from three theories: constructivism, economic interdependence, and credible commitments. The authors use a data set of all pairs of states from 1816 to 1992. Results show that states with similar regime type are more likely to ally with each other after 1945, although two democracies are not more likely to ally than two autocracies during this period, and distance, learning, threat, and common culture affect alliance behavior, but trade does not. Results indicate sharp limits to the connection between democracy and international cooperation.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Axelrod, R., & Hamilton, W. D. (1981) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.7466396 · Cited by 20,065
Diplomacy and domestic politics: the logic of two-level games
Putnam, R. D. (1988) · International Organization · doi:10.1017/s0020818300027697 · Cited by 7,475
Theory of International Politics, by Kenneth N. Waltz
Randle, R. F. (1980) · Political Science Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2149594 · Cited by 6,358
De Tocqueville, A. (2010) · The Two Narratives of Political Economy · doi:10.1002/9781118011690.ch12 · Cited by 6,286
Dictatorship, Democracy, and Development
Olson, M. (1993) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.2307/2938736 · Cited by 3,794
Taking Preferences Seriously: A Liberal Theory of International Politics
Moravcsik, A. (1997) · International Organization · doi:10.1162/002081897550447 · Cited by 2,814
Taking Time Seriously: Time-Series-Cross-Section Analysis with a Binary Dependent Variable
Beck, N., Katz, J. N., & Tucker, R. (1998) · American Journal of Political Science · doi:10.2307/2991857 · Cited by 2,471
The Culture of national security: norms and identity in world politics
(1997) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.34-5942 · Cited by 2,135
(2013) · International Organization · doi:10.1057/9781137356734.0006 · Cited by 2,016
Structural analysis of discrete data with econometric applications
Grether, D. M. (1982) · Journal of Mathematical Psychology · doi:10.1016/0022-2496(82)90042-6 · Cited by 1,909
Cited by
The Phantom Menace: Omitted Variable Bias in Econometric Research
Clarke, K. A. (2005) · Conflict Management and Peace Science · doi:10.1080/07388940500339183 · Cited by 484
Measuring Alliances: the Correlates of War Formal Interstate Alliance Dataset, 1816–2000
Gibler, D. M., & Sarkees, M. R. (2004) · Journal of Peace Research · doi:10.1177/0022343304041061 · Cited by 448
Three Pillars of the Liberal Peace
DOYLE, M. W. (2005) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.1017/s0003055405051798 · Cited by 351
Ambrosio, T. (2008) · Europe-Asia Studies · doi:10.1080/09668130802292143 · Cited by 318
Swedberg, R. (2020) · The Production of Knowledge · doi:10.1017/9781108762519.002 · Cited by 293
Metadata
- Authors
- Lai, B., & Reiter, D.
- Venue
- Journal of Conflict Resolution
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2000-04
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 203-227
- ISSN
- 0022-0027 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-8766
- OpenAlex
- W2117694439
- Cited by
- 332
- References
- 68
- FWCI
- 40.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Democracy, Political Similarity, and International Alliances, 1816-1992. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1177/0022002700044002003
- The paper
- Lai, B., & Reiter, D. (2000). Democracy, Political Similarity, and International Alliances, 1816-1992. Journal of Conflict Resolution. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022002700044002003
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
