Values Levers: Building Ethics into Design

Shilton, Katie

doi:10.1177/0162243912436985

Cited by 241Ethics and Social Impacts of AIInnovative Human-Technology InteractionInformation Systems Theories and Implementation

Values Levers: Building Ethics into Design

Shilton, Katie·2013·Science, Technology, & Human Values

DOI 10.1177/0162243912436985

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Abstract

As information systems transform our world, computer scientists design affordances that influence the uses and impacts of these technological objects. This article describes how the practices of design affect the social values materialized in emerging technologies, and explores how design practices can encourage ethical reflection and action. The article presents an ethnography of a laboratory that engineered software for mobile phones to track users’ locations, habits, and behaviors. This technical work raised a number of ethical challenges, particularly around questions of data use and surveillance. The ethnography suggests that particular activities within laboratories can help engineers agree on social values as important to design. It characterizes these activities as values levers: practices that open new conversations about social values and encourage consensus around those values as design criteria. Laboratory leaders and advocates can enable and strengthen these levers to encourage ethical reflection and action as an explicit part of design practice.

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Many value-conscious design methods exist, including participatory design, reflective design, Values@Play, and Value-Sensitive Design, but thus far they have largely been implemented and studied in academic contexts which are more receptive to normative concerns than commercial settings.
“Many such methods exist, 60 including participatory design, reflective design, Values@Play, and Value-Sensitive Design, 1 but thus far they have largely been implemented and studied in academic contexts which are more receptive to normative concerns than commercial settings.”
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Authors: Shilton, K.
Affiliations: University of Maryland, College Park (US)
Corresponding author: Shilton, Katie
ORCID: Shilton, Katie
Venue: Science, Technology, & Human Values
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 2012-04-23
Volume: 38
Issue: 3
Pages: 374-397
ISSN: 0162-2439 (ISSN-L)
1552-8251
DOI: 10.1177/0162243912436985
OpenAlex: W2142013321
Cited by: 240
References: 28
Citations by year: 2026: 27 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 5
FWCI: 21.66
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations: Science Technology & Human Values (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Science Foundation
Topics: Social Sciences › Safety Research › Ethics and Social Impacts of AI
Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Human-Computer Interaction › Innovative Human-Technology Interaction
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Information Systems Theories and Implementation
Keywords: ethical design, design ethics, software ethics, location tracking, mobile phone data, surveillance, data utilization, engineering laboratories, consensus building, design criteria, information systems

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Values Levers: Building Ethics into Design

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