Medial collateral ligament healing: A multidisciplinary assessment in rabbits
Abstract
Medial collateral ligament healing without treatment has been studied in a rabbit model. Complete midsubstance gaps were found to heal by distinct scar formation over time. This healing process was fast since the gap was bridged quickly; however, more subtle changes in ap pearance of the healing tissue continued for many months. The ligament "scar" was found to be structur ally abnormal chemically and mechanically even at long- term followup. A plateau in its improvement suggests that the scar may never approach normal ligament characteristics (without treatment). A baseline of liga ment healing by scar formation has been established.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
As ligament laxity persists, the affected joint and other structures in and around the knee joint are exposed to the risk of further damage.
“As ligament laxity persists, the affected joint and other structures in and around the knee joint are exposed to the risk of further damage [44,45].”
From Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Enhanced Healing of the Medial Collateral Ligament of the Knee Joint (2023) · cites this paper as [45]
Cites
Woessner, J. F. (1961) · Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics · doi:10.1016/0003-9861(61)90291-0 · Cited by 3,851 · see citing works
A colorimetric method for the determination of glucosamine and chondrosamine
Elson, L. A., & Morgan, W. T. J. (1933) · Biochemical Journal · doi:10.1042/bj0271824 · Cited by 1,781 · see citing works
METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF HEXOSAMINES IN TISSUES
Boas, N. F. (1953) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)66055-7 · Cited by 1,530 · see citing works
The strength of the anterior cruciate ligament in humans and Rhesus monkeys
Noyes, F. R., & Grood, E. S. (1976) · Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery · doi:10.2106/00004623-197658080-00006 · Cited by 833 · see citing works
Classification of knee ligament instabilities. Part I. The medial compartment and cruciate ligaments
Hughston, J. C., Andrews, J., Cross, M., & Moschi, A. (1976) · Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery · doi:10.2106/00004623-197658020-00001 · Cited by 810 · see citing works
Anterior and posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in rhesus monkeys.
Clancy, W. G., Narechania, R. G., Rosenberg, T. D., Gmeiner, J. G., Wisnefske, D. D., & Lange, T. A. (1981) · Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery · doi:10.2106/00004623-198163080-00008 · Cited by 702 · see citing works
Biomechanics of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Failure
Noyes, F. R., Delucas, J. L., & Torvik, P. J. (1974) · Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery · doi:10.2106/00004623-197456020-00002 · Cited by 659 · see citing works
Chemistry and molecular biology of the intercellular matrix
Balazs, E. A. (1970) · Academic Press eBooks · Cited by 624 · see citing works
Cooper, R. R., Misol, S., & Stimmel, P. (1970) · Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery · doi:10.2106/00004623-197052010-00001 · Cited by 514 · see citing works
THE FIBROBLAST AND WOUND REPAIR
Ross, R. (1968) · Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · doi:10.1111/j.1469-185x.1968.tb01109.x · Cited by 440 · see citing works
THE RATE OF HEALING OF TENDONS* AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF TENSILE STRENGTH
Mason, M. L., & Allen, H. S. (1941) · Annals of Surgery · doi:10.1097/00000658-194103000-00009 · Cited by 416 · see citing works
In vivo knee stability. A quantitative assessment using an instrumented clinical testing apparatus.
Markolf, K. L., Graff‐Radford, A., & Amstutz, H. C. (1978) · Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery · doi:10.2106/00004623-197860050-00014 · Cited by 399 · see citing works
Mechanical properties of tendons and ligaments
Woo, S. L. (1982) · Biorheology · doi:10.3233/bir-1982-19301 · Cited by 380 · see citing works
Self-citationChemical and Histochemical Sequences in the Normal Healing of Wounds
Dunphy, J. E., & Udupa, K. N. (1955) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm195511172532002 · Cited by 364 · see citing works
The Natural History and Diagnosis of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Insufficiency
Fetto, J. F., & MARSHALL, J. L. (1980) · Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research · doi:10.1097/00003086-198003000-00006 · Cited by 341 · see citing works
SURGICAL TREATMENT OF FRESH INJURIES TO THE MAJOR LIGAMENTS OF THE KNEE
OʼDonoghue, D. H. (1950) · Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery · doi:10.2106/00004623-195032040-00001 · Cited by 274 · see citing works
Surgical treatment of fresh injuries to the major ligaments of the knee.
OʼDonoghue, D. H. (1950) · PubMed · Cited by 268 · see citing works
An analysis of end results of surgical treatment of major injuries to the ligaments of the knee.
OʼDonoghue, D. H. (1955) · PubMed · Cited by 257 · see citing works
Repair of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament in Dogs
OʼDonoghue, D. H., Rockwood, C. A., Frank, G. R., JACK, S. C., & Kenyon, R. (1966) · Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery · doi:10.2106/00004623-196648030-00009 · Cited by 242 · see citing works
The influence of physical activity on ligaments and tendons
Tipton, C. M., MATTHES, R. D., Maynard, J. A., & Carey, R. A. (1975) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/00005768-197500730-00014 · Cited by 239 · see citing works
AN ANALYSIS OF END RESULTS OF SURGICAL TREATMENT OF MAJOR INJURIES TO THE LIGAMENTS OF THEe KNEE
OʼDonoghue, D. H. (1955) · Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery · doi:10.2106/00004623-195537010-00001 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
Medial and Anterior Instability of the Knee
Kennedy, J. C., & Fowler, P. J. (1971) · Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery · doi:10.2106/00004623-197153070-00001 · Cited by 222 · see citing works
Kennedy, J. C., & Fowler, P. J. (1995) · PubMed · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Instability of the knee. A long-term experimental study in dogs.
Marshall, J. L., & Olsson, S. (1971) · PubMed · Cited by 205 · see citing works
Influence of Physical Activity on Ligament Insertions in the Knees of Dogs
Laros, G. S., Tipton, C. M., Cooper, R. R., Stimmel, P., Davis, R., & MATTHES, R. D. (1971) · Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery · doi:10.2106/00004623-197153020-00007 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Influence of exercise on strength of medial collateral knee ligaments of dogs
Tipton, C. M., James, S. L., Mergner, W., & Tcheng, T. (1970) · American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content · doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1970.218.3.894 · Cited by 190 · see citing works
Minns, R. J., Soden, P. D., & Jackson, D. S. (1973) · Journal of Biomechanics · doi:10.1016/0021-9290(73)90084-5 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Akeson, W. H., Amiel, D., Mechanic, G. L., Woo, S. L., Harwood, F. L., & Hamer, M. L. (1977) · Connective Tissue Research · doi:10.3109/03008207709152607 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Self-citationOʼDonoghue, D. H., Frank, G. R., JETER, G. L., Johnson, W. R., ZEIDERS, J. W., & Kenyon, R. (1971) · PubMed · Cited by 179 · see citing works
MARSHALL, J. L., & Olsson, S. (1971) · Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery · doi:10.2106/00004623-197153080-00008 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Repair and Reconstruction of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament in Dogs
OʼDonoghue, D. H., FRANK, G. R., JETER, G. L., Johnson, W. D., ZEIDERS, J. W., & Kenyon, R. (1971) · Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery · doi:10.2106/00004623-197153040-00010 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Experimental studies of acute anterior cruciate ligament injury and repair
Cabaud, H. E., Rodkey, W. G., & Feagin, J. A. (1979) · The American Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1177/036354657900700105 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Ellsasser, J. C., Reynolds, F. C., & OMOHUNDRO, J. R. (1974) · PubMed · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Ellsasser, J. C., REYNOLDS, F. C., & OMOHUNDRO, J. R. (1974) · Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery · doi:10.2106/00004623-197456060-00009 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Determination of microgram quantities of deoxyribonucleic acid and protein in tissues grown in vitro
BONTING, S. L., & Jones, M. (1957) · Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics · doi:10.1016/s0003-9861(57)80009-5 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Physical Activity and its Influence on the Repair Process of Medial Collateral Ligaments
VAILAS, A. C., Tipton, C. M., MATTHES, R. D., & Gart, M. (1981) · Connective Tissue Research · doi:10.3109/03008208109160237 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Vogel, H. G. (1978) · Connective Tissue Research · doi:10.3109/03008207809152626 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Cell morphology and collagen types in equine tendon scar
Williams, I. F., Heaton, A., & McCullagh, K. G. (1980) · Research in Veterinary Science · doi:10.1016/s0034-5288(18)32713-9 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Buck, R. C. (1953) · The Journal of Pathology and Bacteriology · doi:10.1002/path.1700660103 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Changes in the nature of the collagen during development and resorption of granulation tissue
Bailey, A. J., Bazin, S., & Delaunay, A. N. (1973) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Protein Structure · doi:10.1016/0005-2795(73)90272-9 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
The Non-Operative Management of Collateral Ligament Injuries of the Knee Joint
Hastings, D. E. (1980) · Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research · doi:10.1097/00003086-198003000-00005 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Digital flexor tendons: An experimental study
Lindsay, W. K., Thomson, H. G., & Walker, F. G. (1960) · British Journal of Plastic Surgery · doi:10.1016/s0007-1226(60)80003-3 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
The canine stifle joint I. Rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament
Pond, M. J., & Campbell, J. R. (1972) · Journal of Small Animal Practice · doi:10.1111/j.1748-5827.1972.tb06791.x · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Experimental investigations of ligamentous healing
Clayton, M. L., & Weir, G. J. (1959) · The American Journal of Surgery · doi:10.1016/0002-9610(59)90529-x · Cited by 85 · see citing works
EXPERIMENTAL RUPTURE OF THE MEDIAL COLLATERAL LIGAMENT OF THE KNEE
Jack, E. A. (1950) · Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery - British Volume · doi:10.1302/0301-620x.32b3.396 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Experimental Investigations of Ligamentous Healing
Clayton, M. L., MILES, J. S., & ABDULLA, M. (1968) · Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research · doi:10.1097/00003086-196811000-00014 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Experimental Investigations of Ligamentous Healing
Clayton, M. L., MILES, J. S., & ABDULLA, M. (1968) · Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research · doi:10.1097/00003086-196800610-00014 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Contraction and the control of contraction
Rudolph, R. (1980) · World Journal of Surgery · doi:10.1007/bf02393383 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Collagen reduction by sodium borohydride: Effects of reconstitution, maturation and lathyrism
Tanzer, M. L., & Mechanic, G. L. (1968) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/0006-291x(68)90324-0 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Repair of Knee Ligaments in Dogs
OʼDonoghue, D. H., Rockwood, C. A., Zaricznyj, B., & Kenyon, R. (1961) · Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery · doi:10.2106/00004623-196143080-00008 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Mucopolysaccharides, Collagen, and Nonfibrillar Proteins in Inflammation
Delaunay, A., & Bazin, S. (1964) · International review of connective tissue research · doi:10.1016/b978-1-4831-6751-0.50013-6 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Knee Sprains and Acute Knee Hemarthrosis
Noyes, F. R., Paulos, L. E., Mooar, L. A., & Signer, B. (1980) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.1093/ptj/60.12.1596 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Miltner, L. J. (1937) · Archives of Surgery · doi:10.1001/archsurg.1937.01190140026002 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Wound healing of tendon—I. Physical, mechanical and metabolic changes
Goldin, B., Block, W. D., & Pearson, J. R. (1980) · Journal of Biomechanics · doi:10.1016/0021-9290(80)90367-x · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Noyes, F. R., Grood, E. S., Butler, D. L., & Raterman, L. (1980) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.1093/ptj/60.12.1578 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Secondary Wound Tensile Strength Gain
Bryant, W. M., & Weeks, P. M. (1967) · Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery · doi:10.1097/00006534-196701000-00011 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Experimental Reproduction of Joint Sprains
Miltner, L. J., & Hu, C. (1933) · Experimental Biology and Medicine · doi:10.3181/00379727-30-6721 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Frank, C., Beaver, P., Rademaker, F., Becker, K., Schachar, N. S., & Edwards, G. (1982) · PubMed · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Self-citationClinical and Pathologic Evaluation of Ruptured Cranial Cruciate Ligament Repair in the Dog
McCurnin, D. M., Pearson, P. T., & Wass, W. M. (1971) · American Journal of Veterinary Research · doi:10.2460/ajvr.1971.32.10.1517 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Experimental repair of the medial collateral ligament of the knee in rabbits.
Fukubayashi, T., Kondo, M., Nakajima, H., Suzuki, K., & Miyanaga, Y. (1980) · PubMed · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Jackson, D. S., & Mechanic, G. L. (1974) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Protein Structure · doi:10.1016/0005-2795(74)90400-0 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Rehabilitation of the unstable knee.
Rj, J., & Eriksson, E. (1982) · PubMed · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Effects of postmortem storage by freezing on ligament tensile behavior
Woo, S. L., Orlando, C. A., Camp, J. F., & Akeson, W. H. (1986) · Journal of Biomechanics · doi:10.1016/0021-9290(86)90016-3 · Cited by 572 · see citing works
Self-citationAutologous Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Mediated Repair of Tendon
Awad, H. A., Butler, D. L., Boivin, G. P., Smith, F. N. L., Malaviya, P., Huibregtse, B. A., & Caplan, A. I. (1999) · Tissue Engineering · doi:10.1089/ten.1999.5.267 · Cited by 543 · see citing works
Biomechanics of tendon injury and repair
Lin, T. W., Cardenas, L., & Soslowsky, L. J. (2003) · Journal of Biomechanics · doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2003.11.005 · Cited by 463 · see citing works
Biomechanics of knee ligaments: injury, healing, and repair
Woo, S. L., Abramowitch, S. D., Kilger, R. H. P., & Liang, R. (2005) · Journal of Biomechanics · doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2004.10.025 · Cited by 424 · see citing works
Self-citationBashur, C. A., Dahlgren, L. A., & Goldstein, A. S. (2006) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2006.07.005 · Cited by 394 · see citing works
Elastic energy storage in tendons: mechanical differences related to function and age
Shadwick, R. E. (1990) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.1990.68.3.1033 · Cited by 362 · see citing works
Ligament tissue engineering: An evolutionary materials science approach
Laurencin, C. T., & Freeman, J. W. (2005) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2005.05.073 · Cited by 304 · see citing works
Murray, M. M., Spindler, K. P., Ballard, P., Welch, T. P., Zurakowski, D., & Nanney, L. B. (2007) · Journal of Orthopaedic Research · doi:10.1002/jor.20367 · Cited by 300 · see citing works
Cell orientation determines the alignment of cell-produced collagenous matrix
Wang, J. H., Jia, F., Gilbert, T. W., & Woo, S. L. (2002) · Journal of Biomechanics · doi:10.1016/s0021-9290(02)00233-6 · Cited by 279 · see citing works
Self-citationTreatment of the medial collateral ligament injury
Woo, S. L., Inoue, M., McGurk-Burleson, E., & Gomez, M. A. (1987) · The American Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1177/036354658701500104 · Cited by 274 · see citing works
Self-citationMechanoregulation of gene expression in fibroblasts
Wang, J. H., Thampatty, B. P., Lin, J.-S., & Im, H. (2007) · Gene · doi:10.1016/j.gene.2007.01.014 · Cited by 267 · see citing works
Jo, C. H., Kim, J. E., Yoon, K. S., & Shin, S. (2012) · The American Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1177/0363546512437525 · Cited by 248 · see citing works
Effect of growth factors on matrix synthesis by ligament fibroblasts
Marui, T., Niyibizi, C., Georgescu, H. I., Cao, M., Kavalkovich, K. W., Levine, R. E., & Woo, S. L. (1997) · Journal of Orthopaedic Research® · doi:10.1002/jor.1100150104 · Cited by 230 · see citing works
Self-citationTissue engineering of the anterior cruciate ligament using a braid–twist scaffold design
Freeman, J. W., Woods, M. D., & Laurencin, C. T. (2006) · Journal of Biomechanics · doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2006.09.025 · Cited by 227 · see citing works
Tissue Engineering for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Review of Current Strategies
Petrigliano, F. A., McAllister, D. R., & Wu, B. M. (2006) · Arthroscopy The Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.arthro.2006.01.017 · Cited by 219 · see citing works
Nagineni, C. N., Amiel, D., Green, M. H., Berchuck, M., & Akeson, W. H. (1992) · Journal of Orthopaedic Research® · doi:10.1002/jor.1100100402 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Self-citationJuncosa‐Melvin, N., Matlin, K. S., Holdcraft, R. W., Nirmalanandhan, V. S., & Butler, D. L. (2007) · Tissue Engineering · doi:10.1089/ten.2006.0339 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
Healing and Repair of Ligament Injuries in the Knee
Woo, S. L., Vogrin, T. M., & Abramowitch, S. D. (2000) · Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons · doi:10.5435/00124635-200011000-00004 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
Self-citationSchmidt, C. C., Georgescu, H. I., Kwoh, C. K., Blomstrom, G. L., Engle, C. P., Larkin, L. A., Evans, C. H., & Woo, S. L.-Y. (1995) · Journal of Orthopaedic Research® · doi:10.1002/jor.1100130206 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
Self-citationJoshi, S. M., Mastrangelo, A. N., Magarian, E. M., Fleming, B. C., & Murray, M. M. (2009) · The American Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1177/0363546509339915 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
An in vitro study of anterior cruciate ligament graft placement and isometry
Penner, D. A., Daniel, D. M., Wood, P., & Mishra, D. K. (1988) · The American Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1177/036354658801600307 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Nakamura, N., Shino, K., Natsu-ume, T., Horibe, S., Matsumoto, N., Kaneda, Y., & Ochi, T. (1998) · Gene Therapy · doi:10.1038/sj.gt.3300712 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
Yokoya, S., Mochizuki, Y., Natsu, K., Omae, H., Nagata, Y., & Ochi, M. (2012) · The American Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1177/0363546512442343 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Nakamura, N., Hart, D. A., Boorman, R. S., Kaneda, Y., Shrive, N. G., Marchuk, L. L., Shino, K., Ochi, T., & Frank, C. B. (2000) · Journal of Orthopaedic Research® · doi:10.1002/jor.1100180402 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Self-citationFunakoshi, T., Majima, T., Iwasaki, N., Suenaga, N., Sawaguchi, N., Shimode, K., Minami, A., Harada, K., & Nishimura, S. (2005) · The American Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1177/0363546504272689 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Collagen Shortening: An Experimental Approach With Heat
Vangsness, C. T., Mitchell, W., Nimni, M. E., Erlich, M. S., Saadat, V., & Schmotzer, H. (1997) · Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research · doi:10.1097/00003086-199704000-00030 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Role of biomechanics in the understanding of normal, injured, and healing ligaments and tendons
Jung, H., Fisher, M. B., & Woo, S. L. (2009) · BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1186/1758-2555-1-9 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Self-citationTendinopathy: injury, repair, and current exploration
Lipman, K. J., Wang, C., Ting, K., Soo, C. B., & Zheng, Z. S. (2018) · Drug Design Development and Therapy · doi:10.2147/dddt.s154660 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Biomechanics of knee ligaments: basic concepts and clinical application.
Fu, F. H., Harner, C. D., Johnson, D. L., Miller, M. D., & Woo, S. L. (1994) · PubMed · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Self-citationBiomechanics of Tendons and Ligaments
Woo, S. L. (1986) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-4866-8_14 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Self-citationCurrent tissue engineering strategies in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Leong, N. L., Petrigliano, F. A., & McAllister, D. R. (2013) · Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A · doi:10.1002/jbm.a.34820 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Injury and repair of the musculoskeletal soft tissues. Savannah, Georgia, June 18–20, 1987
Woo, S. L., & Buckwalter, J. A. (1988) · Journal of Orthopaedic Research · doi:10.1002/jor.1100060615 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Self-citationWeiss, J. A., Woo, S. L.-Y., Ohland, K. J., Horibe, S., & Newton, P. O. (1991) · Journal of Orthopaedic Research® · doi:10.1002/jor.1100090407 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Self-citationThornton, G. M., Oliynyk, A., Frank, C. B., & Shrive, N. G. (1997) · Journal of Orthopaedic Research® · doi:10.1002/jor.1100150504 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Self-citationNguyen, D. T., Ramwadhdoebé, T. H., van der Hart, C. P., Blankevoort, L., Tak, P. P., & van Dijk, C. N. (2013) · Journal of Orthopaedic Research® · doi:10.1002/jor.22511 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Yokoya, S., Mochizuki, Y., Nagata, Y., Deie, M., & Ochi, M. (2008) · The American Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1177/0363546508314416 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Musahl, V., Abramowitch, S. D., Gilbert, T. W., Tsuda, E., Wang, J. H., Badylak, S. F., & Woo, S. L. (2003) · Journal of Orthopaedic Research® · doi:10.1016/s0736-0266(03)00163-3 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Self-citationHsieh, A. H., Tsai, C. M., Ma, Q., Lin, T. W., Banes, A. J., Villarreal, F. J., Akeson, W. H., & Sung, K. P. (2000) · Journal of Orthopaedic Research® · doi:10.1002/jor.1100180209 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Self-citationSciore, P., Boykiw, R., & Hart, D. A. (1998) · Journal of Orthopaedic Research® · doi:10.1002/jor.1100160406 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Frank, C., McDonald, D., Wilson, J., Eyre, D. R., & Shrive, N. G. (1995) · Journal of Orthopaedic Research® · doi:10.1002/jor.1100130203 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Self-citationEffect of Growth Factors on the Proliferation of Ligament Fibroblasts from Skeletally Mature Rabbits
Scherping, S. C., Schmidt, C. C., Georgescu, H. I., Kwoh, C. K., Evans, C. H., & Woo, S. L.-Y. (1997) · Connective Tissue Research · doi:10.3109/03008209709160209 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Self-citationCollagen fibril diameters in the healing adult rabbit medial collateral ligament
Frank, C., McDonald, D., Bray, D., Bray, R., Rangayyan, R., Chimich, D., & Shrive, N. (1992) · Connective Tissue Research · doi:10.3109/03008209209007000 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Self-citationMyofibroblast Numbers are Elevated in Human Elbow Capsules After Trauma
Hildebrand, K. A., Zhang, M., van Snellenberg, W., King, G. J. W., & Hart, D. A. (2004) · Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research · doi:10.1097/00003086-200402000-00031 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Instrument-Assisted Cross-Fiber Massage Accelerates Knee Ligament Healing
Loghmani, M. T., & Warden, S. J. (2009) · Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy · doi:10.2519/jospt.2009.2997 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Wiig, M. E., Amiel, D., VandeBerg, J. S., Kitabayashi, L. R., Harwood, F. L., & Arfors, K. E. (1990) · Journal of Orthopaedic Research® · doi:10.1002/jor.1100080314 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Self-citationType V collagen is increased during rabbit medial collateral ligament healing
Niyibizi, C., Kavalkovich, K. W., Yamaji, T., & Woo, S. L. (2000) · Knee Surgery Sports Traumatology Arthroscopy · doi:10.1007/s001670000134 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Self-citationResponse of Knee Ligaments to Prolotherapy in a Rat Injury Model
Jensen, K. T., Rabago, D., Best, T. M., Patterson, J. J., & Vanderby, R. (2008) · The American Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1177/0363546508314431 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Nonlinear Viscoelasticity in Rabbit Medial Collateral Ligament
Hingorani, R. V., Provenzano, P. P., Lakes, R. S., Escarcega, A. J., & Vanderby, R. (2004) · Annals of Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1023/b:abme.0000012751.31686.70 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
The effects of increased tension on healing medial collateral ligaments
Gomez, M. A., Woo, S. L., Amiel, D., Harwood, F. L., Kitabayashi, L. R., & Matyas, J. R. (1991) · The American Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1177/036354659101900405 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Self-citationSurgical Treatment of Acute Medial Collateral Ligament and Posteromedial Corner Injuries of the Knee
Fanelli, G. C., & Harris, J. D. (2006) · Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy Review · doi:10.1097/01.jsa.0000212301.80496.dc · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Chimich, D. D., Frank, C., Shrive, N. G., Dougall, H., & Bray, R. (1991) · Journal of Orthopaedic Research® · doi:10.1002/jor.1100090106 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Self-citationStrategies to Improve Anterior Cruciate Ligament Healing and Graft Placement
Steiner, M. E., Murray, M. M., & Rodeo, S. A. (2007) · The American Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1177/0363546507311690 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
A Fourier Domain Directional Filterng Method for Analysis of Collagen Alignment in Ligaments
Chaudhuri, S., Nguyen, H., Rangayyan, R. M., Walsh, S., & Frank, C. B. (1987) · IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1109/tbme.1987.325980 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Self-citationWoo, S. L., Newton, P. O., MacKenna, D. A., & Lyon, R. M. (1992) · Journal of Biomechanics · doi:10.1016/0021-9290(92)90257-2 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Self-citationHildebrand, K. A., Deie, M., Allen, C. R., Smith, D. W., Georgescu, H. I., Evans, C. H., Robbins, P. D., & Woo, S. L. (1999) · Journal of Orthopaedic Research · doi:10.1002/jor.1100170107 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Self-citationWoo, S. L., Ohland, K. J., & Weiss, J. A. (1990) · Mechanisms of Ageing and Development · doi:10.1016/0047-6374(90)90004-y · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Self-citationAltered levels of extracellular matrix molecule mRNA in healing rabbit ligaments
Boykiw, R., Sciore, P., Reno, C. R., Marchuk, L. L., Frank, C. B., & Hart, D. A. (1998) · Matrix Biology · doi:10.1016/s0945-053x(98)90089-0 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Self-citationNAKAGAWA, Y., Majima, T., & NAGASHIMA, K. (1994) · Acta Physiologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1994.tb09810.x · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Tipton, C. M., VAILAS, A. C., & MATTHES, R. D. (1986) · Acta Medica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1986.tb08945.x · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Ligament Injury and Healing: A Review of Current Clinical Diagnostics and Therapeutics
Hauser, R. A. (2013) · The Open Rehabilitation Journal · doi:10.2174/1874943701306010001 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Remodeling of vaginal connective tissue in patients with prolapse
Alperin, M., & Moalli, P. (2006) · Current Opinion in Obstetrics & Gynecology · doi:10.1097/01.gco.0000242958.25244.ff · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Collagen Alteration in Medial Collateral Ligament Healing in a Rabbit Model
Amiel, D., Frank, C. B., Harwood, F. L., Akeson, W. H., & Kleiner, J. B. (1987) · Connective Tissue Research · doi:10.3109/03008208709005620 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Self-citationMechanical properties of collagen fascicles from stress-shielded patellar tendons in the rabbit
YAMAMOTO, E., Hayashi, K., & Yamamoto, N. (1999) · Clinical Biomechanics · doi:10.1016/s0268-0033(99)00006-6 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Rotator cuff regeneration using chitin fabric as an acellular matrix
Funakoshi, T., Majima, T., Suenaga, N., Iwasaki, N., Yamane, S., & Minami, A. (2006) · Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.jse.2005.05.012 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Edson, C. J. (2006) · Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy Review · doi:10.1097/01.jsa.0000212308.32076.f2 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
On the potential of various approaches in load analysis to reduce the frequency of sports injuries
Nigg, B. M., & Bobbert, M. F. (1990) · Journal of Biomechanics · doi:10.1016/0021-9290(90)90036-3 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Early medial collateral ligament scars have inferior creep behaviour
Thornton, G. M., Leask, G. P., Shrive, N. G., & Frank, C. B. (2000) · Journal of Orthopaedic Research · doi:10.1002/jor.1100180211 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Self-citationAbramowitch, S. D., Woo, S. L., Clineff, T. D., & Debski, R. E. (2004) · Annals of Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1023/b:abme.0000017539.85245.6a · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Self-citationLiang, R., Woo, S. L., Takakura, Y., Moon, D. K., Jia, F., & Abramowitch, S. D. (2006) · Journal of Orthopaedic Research® · doi:10.1002/jor.20080 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Self-citationEffects of local injection of corticosteroids on the healing of ligaments. A follow-up report.
Wiggins, M. E., Fadale, P. D., Ehrlich, M. G., & Walsh, W. R. (1995) · Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery · doi:10.2106/00004623-199511000-00006 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Nguyen, T. D., Liang, R., Woo, S. L., Burton, S. D., Wu, C., Almarza, A. J., Sacks, M. S., & Abramowitch, S. D. (2008) · Tissue Engineering Part A · doi:10.1089/ten.tea.2007.0384 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Self-citationWiig, M. E., Amiel, D., Ivarsson, M., Nagineni, C. N., Wallace, C., & Arfors, K. (1991) · Journal of Orthopaedic Research® · doi:10.1002/jor.1100090309 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Self-citationHealing Characteristics of a Type I Collagenous Structure Treated with Corticosteroids
Wiggins, M. E., Fadale, P. D., Barrach, H.-J., Ehrlich, M. G., & Walsh, W. R. (1994) · The American Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1177/036354659402200221 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Recurrent or New Injury Outcomes After Return to Work in Chronic Disabling Spinal Disorders
Garcy, P. D., Mayer, T. G., & Gatchel, R. J. (1996) · Spine · doi:10.1097/00007632-199604150-00009 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Provenzano, P. P., Alejandro-Osorio, A. L., Grorud, K. W., Martinez, D. A., VAILAS, A. C., Grindeland, R. E., & Vanderby, R. (2007) · BMC Physiology · doi:10.1186/1472-6793-7-2 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Chen, F., Hayami, J. W. S., & Amsden, B. G. (2014) · Biomacromolecules · doi:10.1021/bm401813j · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Dynamic intraligamentary stabilisation
Kohl, S., Evangelopoulos, D. S., Schär, M. O., Bieri, K., Müller, T., & Ahmad, S. S. (2016) · The Bone & Joint Journal · doi:10.1302/0301-620x.98b6.35040 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Frank, C., MacFarlane, B. J., Edwards, P., Rangayyan, R. M., Liu, Z., Walsh, S., & Bray, R. (1991) · Journal of Orthopaedic Research® · doi:10.1002/jor.1100090210 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Self-citationA comparison of in vivo gene delivery methods for antisense therapy in ligament healing
Nakamura, N., Timmermann, S., Hart, D., Kaneda, Y., Shrive, N., Shino, K., Ochi, T., & Frank, C. (1998) · Gene Therapy · doi:10.1038/sj.gt.3300765 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Self-citationNatsu-ume, T., Nakamura, N., Shino, K., Toritsuka, Y., Horibe, S., & Ochi, T. (1997) · Journal of Orthopaedic Research® · doi:10.1002/jor.1100150608 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Transient introduction of a foreign gene into healing rat patellar ligament.
Nakamura, N., Horibe, S., Matsumoto, N., Tomita, T., Natsu-ume, T., Kaneda, Y., Shino, K., & Ochi, T. (1996) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci118395 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Manual examination: is pain provocation a major cue for spinal dysfunction?
Jull, G. A., Treleaven, J. M., & Versace, G. (1994) · Australian Journal of Physiotherapy · doi:10.1016/s0004-9514(14)60574-2 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Assessment of healing of grade III posterolateral corner injuries: An in vivo model
LaPrade, R. F., Wentorf, F. A., & Crum, J. A. (2004) · Journal of Orthopaedic Research® · doi:10.1016/j.orthres.2004.01.001 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Inoue, M., Woo, S. L., Gomez, M. A., Amiel, D., Ohland, K. J., & Kitabayashi, L. R. (1990) · Connective Tissue Research · doi:10.3109/03008209009009809 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Self-citationFunctional tissue engineering of ligament healing
Hsu, S.-L., Liang, R., & Woo, S. L. (2010) · BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1186/1758-2555-2-12 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Self-citationEngineering the healing of the rabbit medial collateral ligament
Woo, S. L., Smith, D. W., Hildebrand, K. A., Zeminski, J., & Johnson, L. A. (1998) · Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing · doi:10.1007/bf02522484 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Self-citationAnderson, D. R., Weiss, J. A., Takai, S., Ohland, K. J., & Woo, S. L. (1992) · Journal of Orthopaedic Research® · doi:10.1002/jor.1100100404 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Self-citationOptimisation of the biology of soft tissue repair
Frank, C. B., Shrive, N. G., Hiraoka, H., Nakamura, N., Kaneda, Y., & Hart, D. A. (1999) · Journal of science and medicine in sport · doi:10.1016/s1440-2440(99)80173-x · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Self-citationPascher, A., Steinert, A. F., Palmer, G. D., Betz, O. B., Gouze, J.-N., Gouze, E., Pilapil, C., Ghivizzani, S. C., Evans, C. H., & Murray, M. M. (2004) · Molecular Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.ymthe.2004.03.012 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Pressman, A., & Johnson, D. H. (2003) · Arthroscopy The Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery · doi:10.1053/jars.2003.50054 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Frank, C. B., Loitz, B. J., & Shrive, N. G. (1995) · Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica · doi:10.3109/17453679508995587 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Self-citationIntrinsic fibroblast-mediated remodeling of damaged collagenous matrices in vivo
Provenzano, P. P., Alejandro-Osorio, A. L., Valhmu, W. B., JENSEN, K., & VANDERBYJR, R. (2005) · Matrix Biology · doi:10.1016/j.matbio.2004.09.008 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
The “Epiligament” of the Rabbit Medial Collateral Ligament: A Quantitative Morphological Study
Chowdhury, R., Matyas, J. R., & Frank, C. B. (1991) · Connective Tissue Research · doi:10.3109/03008209109006993 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Self-citationWoo, S. L., Gomez, M. A., Inoue, M., & Akeson, W. H. (1987) · Journal of Orthopaedic Research® · doi:10.1002/jor.1100050315 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Self-citationTemporal extracellular matrix adaptations in ligament during wound healing and hindlimb unloading
Martinez, D. A., VAILAS, A. C., Vanderby, R., & Grindeland, R. E. (2007) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00423.2007 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
The effect of skeletal maturity on the regenerative function of intrinsic ACL cells
Mastrangelo, A. N., Magarian, E. M., Palmer, M. P., Vavken, P., & Murray, M. M. (2009) · Journal of Orthopaedic Research® · doi:10.1002/jor.21018 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Bioinspired Scaffold Designs for Regenerating Musculoskeletal Tissue Interfaces
Barajaa, M. A., Nair, L. S., & Laurencin, C. T. (2019) · Regenerative Engineering and Translational Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40883-019-00132-3 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Woo, S. L., Takakura, Y., Liang, R., Jia, F., & Moon, D. K. (2006) · Tissue Engineering · doi:10.1089/ten.2006.12.159 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Self-citationKobayashi, K., Healey, R., Sah, R. L., Clark, J. J., Tu, B. P., Goomer, R. S., Akeson, W. H., Moriya, H., & Amiel, D. (2000) · Tissue Engineering · doi:10.1089/107632700320865 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Self-citationWoo, S. L., Niyibizi, C., Matyas, J. R., Kavalkovich, K. W., Weaver-Green, C., & Fox, R. J. (1997) · Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica · doi:10.3109/17453679709003997 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Frank, C., Woo, S. L.-Y., Amiel, D., Harwood, F., Gomez, M., & Akeson, W.
- Affiliations
- University of California San Diego (US)
- United States Department of Veterans Affairs (US)
- ORCID
- Amiel, D.
- Venue
- The American Journal of Sports Medicine
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 1983-11
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 379-389
- ISSN
- 0363-5465 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-3365
- OpenAlex
- W2052694074
- Cited by
- 367
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 5.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The American Journal of Sports Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Tendon Structure and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Knee injuries and reconstruction techniques
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports injuries and prevention
- Keywords
- medial collateral ligament, ligament healing, scar formation, rabbit model, ligament biomechanics
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Biomechanical Phenomena, Body Water, Cicatrix, Collagen, DNA, Glycosaminoglycans, Knee Joint, Ligaments, Articular, Male, Rabbits, Wound Healing
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review